Thirteen Original Colonies

“Thirteen Original Colonies” Please respond to the following:  PROVIDE SPECIFIC EVIDENCE FROM THIS WEEK’S WEBTEXT in your response.  NO OUTSIDE SOURCES!

• Using the Webtext, (Be sure to provide specific evidence from the textbook readings for this week for your response MINIMUM OF 150 WORDS) briefly describe three (3) characteristics for each of the English colonies located in the South, Middle, and New England regions Now state two (2) religious, business, agricultural, or political elements most likely to be found in South, Middle, and New England colonies that set them apart from each other.
• Imagine you are a colonist, which region seems most appealing to create a new life in the New World.
• Be sure to make a substantive comment to at least one of your classmate’s posts (MINIMUM OF 100 WORDS)C O L O N I Z A T I O N A N D S E T T L E M E N T ( 1 5 8 5 – 17 6 3 )

  English, French, and Spanish Colonies: A Comparison

  © M

  Save your time - order a paper!

  Get your paper written from scratch within the tight deadline. Our service is a reliable solution to all your troubles. Place an order on any task and we will take care of it. You won’t have to worry about the quality and deadlines

  Order Paper Now

  ed ia

  P ro

  je ct

  s In

  co rp

  or at

  ed

  Pu bl

  is he

  d by

  F ac

  ts o

  n Fi

  le In

  c.

  Al l e

  le ct

  ro ni

  c st

  or ag

  e, r

  ep ro

  du ct

  io n,

  o r

  tr an

  sm itt

  al is

  c op

  yr ig

  ht p

  ro te

  ct ed

  b y

  th e

  pu bl

  is he

  r.

  THE HISTORY OF COLONIAL NORTH AMERICA centers primarily around the struggle of England, France, and Spain to gain control of the continent. Settlers crossed the Atlantic for different reasons, and their governments took different approaches to their colo- nizing efforts. These differences created both advan- tages and disadvantages that profoundly affected the New World’s fate. France and Spain, for instance, were governed by autocratic sovereigns whose rule was absolute; their colonists went to America as ser- vants of the Crown. The English colonists, on the

  other hand, enjoyed far more freedom and were able to govern themselves as long as they followed English law and were loyal to the king. In addition, unlike France and Spain, England encouraged immigration from other nations, thus boosting its colonial popula- tion. By 1763 the English had established dominance in North America, having defeated France and Spain in the French and Indian War. However, those regions that had been colonized by the French or Spanish would retain national characteristics that linger to this day.

  Settlements/Geography

  Population Sources

  Government

  Religion

  Economy

  Population Growth

  Relations with Native Americans

  English Colonies

  Most colonies established by royal char- ter. Earliest settlements were in Virginia and Massachusetts but soon spread all along the Atlantic coast, from Maine to Georgia, and into the continent’s interior as far as the Mississippi River.

  Colonists were recruited from among middle-class farmers, artisans, and tradesmen. Indentured servants, spe- cialists in certain areas (i.e., sawmill workers, lumbermen), and convicted criminals were also brought over. Immigrants from other countries were welcomed.

  Distance from England and a frugal Parliament allowed colonists to set up local governments and representative assemblies and to tax themselves, as long as they did not take up arms against the Crown.

  Largely non-Catholics. Although some tolerance was practiced in most colonies, the Puritans in Massachusetts established an autocratic and restrictive religious leadership. Pennsylvania man- dated complete tolerance.

  Diverse economic activities included farming, fishing, and trading. Exports included tobacco, rice, timber, and fish. Tobacco was the main source of rev- enue in the Virginia and North Carolina colonies.

  Rapid growth due to liberal immigration policies. By 1627 Virginia had approxi- mately 1,000 settlers. By 1754 total population in the English colonies had grown to 1.5 million; this included large proportions of German and French.

  Originally friendly; early colonists relied on Native Americans for trade and for help with survival. Eventually greed for land led to major conflicts with Indians.

  French Colonies

  First colonies were trading posts in Newfoundland; others followed in wake of exploration of the St. Lawrence valley, parts of Canada, and the Mississippi River. Settlements include Quebec (1608) and Montreal (1642). Louisiana settled in the late 1600s.

  Initially fur traders, merchants, and mis- sionaries. In 1665 some 1100 French soldiers arrived and were given land. Neither Protestants nor peasant farmers were allowed to emigrate.

  Colonies were fully subject to the French king. There were no political rights or representative government, and public meetings could not be held without per- mission.

  Even though Protestants had played a role in the founding of New France, from around 1659 on they were excluded from the colony. Colonial life was largely controlled by the French Catholic clergy.

  Although the French government encour- aged farming efforts, the fur trade proved to be more lucrative. Plantations established in the Mississippi valley largely failed.

  Slow growth; by 1672 no more than 5,000 colonists had settled throughout New France. In Canada the French pop- ulation totaled just under 40,000 by 1734. In Louisiana, by 1763 there were approximately 10,000 settlers, including 5,000 slaves and Acadians.

  Despite conversion efforts of missionar- ies, French respect for Native Americans allowed many to forge alliances, espe- cially in their wars against the British.

  Spanish Colonies

  Crown-sponsored conquests gained rich- es for Spain and expanded its empire. Most of the southern and southwestern regions claimed, as well as sections of the California coast. Settlements include St. Augustine, Florida (1565); Santa Fe, New Mexico (1610); and numerous cities in Texas and California.

  Conquistadores, soldiers, and mission- aries were the primary Spanish coloniz- ers; farmers and traders came later.

  Colonies were governed by crown- appointed viceroys or governors. Settlers had to obey the king’s laws and could make none of their own.

  Settlers were restricted to Catholics; Protestants were persecuted and driven out.

  Largely a trading economy; some farm- ing in the West. Commerce was con- trolled by the Spanish board of trade, with regulations enforced by the Spanish military.

  Slow growth due to greater emphasis on military conquest, poor relations with Native Americans, and numerous early failures to establish permanent settle- ments. Largest Spanish populations were in Florida, Texas, California, and Mexico.

  Spanish missionaries saw Native Americans as heathens to be converted to Christianity; soldiers viewed them as fit only for killing or subjugation.