On what basis is electrophoresis able to separate molecules?

Virtual Lab 4: Genetics II A. 1. On what basis is electrophoresis able to separate molecules? 2. What are the lengths of the three DNA bands that you produce in this lab? B. Electrophoresis. 1. Select the pBR322 plasmid (a circular piece of DNA used as a cloning vector) to analyze (menu in upper left hand corner of the simulator). You will then see a diagram of the circular plasmid DNA along with the points along the length of the plasmid where the various restriction enzymes (EcoR I, Ple I, Hinc II, and Bgl I) will cut the DNA. For instance notice that the enzyme EcoR 1 only cuts the plasmid at one location at the top of the diagram, whereas the other enzymes cut the plasmid at other places. To analyzes the DNA we cut it up with different enzymes and slowly piece together an understanding of the entire sequence. 2. Load each lane as follows: lane 1 with Bgl 1; lane 2 with EcoR 1; lane 3 with Hinc II; lane 4 with Ple I; lane 5 with predetermined molecular weight markers. 3. Run the gel and describe and explain the number of bands in lanes 2 and 4. C. Human Blood Types and Immune System Complete the following Table Blood Type Antibodies present (A, B, Rh) Can receive blood from type(s) Can donate blood to type(s) O + O – A + A – B + B – AB + AB –