Intercultural Communication ( Reflection Paper )

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The reflection is personal and should address and include certain sections as discussed below. It is NOT A SUMMARY of each the chapters or lectures.

Length:

Your reflection should be 4-5 pages in length double spaced 12 point font.

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Structure:

Your reflection should have a title, a brief introduction, all 3 sections listed and explained below (personal application reflection, class content reflection, and online class format/structure reflection) and a conclusion. Additional content of personal experience is welcome although not required.

Personal application reflection: this section should introduce and briefly explain one, two or three concepts from the chapter/s (e.g. ethnocentrism; high context; cultural shock…) this should not be more than half of a page in length at most. After you introduce the concept, you analyze it looking into how you may have seen it in your life and how; you should provide concrete examples from your life or that of other people close to you (e.g. gender roles, as I was growing up I was taught that…). If you disagree with the certain concept (e.g. the chapter says that Greek culture is high context in general and you disagree) you may provide arguments why you disagree. Please note that the sample personal application reflection is provided on blackboard and is a sample for content and not length nor in covers all required sections. Make sure that your transition between the concepts you choose to reflect on and discuss is smooth.

Class content reflection: in this section you will focus on the material discussed in class e.g. the lectures, chapters and text, video links, activities and self-assessments, guest speaker recorded lecture, discussion boards, speakers and topics for extra credit opportunities…etc. In this section you will write your own assessment of all or some of these.

Online class format/structure reflection: in this section please focus on the format of the class; you may discuss what worked for you? What did not work? What you liked and what you wished was different. While we all may have preferred the class to be face to face and you may mention this if you like, please focus in this section on the class’ online format itself.

Other: you surly can add anything that you would like to share which you may not have mentioned in the other sections.

Conclusion: Please conclude with a brief paragraph assessing your overall experience in this class.

FLAN 3440 Intercultural Communication: Principles and Practice

 

CHAPTER 1: The Necessity of Intercultural Communication.

 

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The Need for Intercultural Communication

The history of our planet has been in great part the history of the mixing of peoples.

—Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.1

 

• Technology

• Information Dissemination

• Social Media

• International Tensions

• National Tensions

 

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Benefits of Intercultural Communication

• Healthier communities

• Increased commerce

• Reduced conflict

• Personal growth through tolerance

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Diversity in the United States

 

Immigration Trends

 

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Diversity in the United States

 

• Language

• Division vs Unity

 

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Eight Dimensions of Communication

• Process

• Dynamic

• Interactive-Transactive

• Symbolic

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The Nature of Human Communication

 

 

Eight Dimensions of Communication

• Intention

• Context

• Ubiquitous

• Culture

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The Nature of Human Communication

 

 

Communication

• Communication is the ubiquitous dynamic interactive process of encoding and decoding verbal and nonverbal messages within a defined cultural, physiological, relational, and perceptual context. Although many of our messages are sent intentionally, some others—perhaps our nonverbal messages—can unintentionally influence other people.19

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Communication Apprehension (CA)

• 1 in 5 adults in the U.S. suffer from CA every time they communicate with others. (McCroskey)

• The fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or group of persons.

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Four Types of CA

 

• Traitlike

• Context based

• Audience based

• Situational

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Culture

• Write your own definition

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Culture

• An accumulated pattern of values, beliefs, and behaviors, shared by an identifiable group of people with a common history and verbal and nonverbal symbol systems.

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Nature of Culture

• Accumulated Pattern of Values, Beliefs & Behaviors

• Identifiable Group of People w/Common History

• Verbal & Nonverbal Symbol Systems

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Microcultures

• Microcultures coexist within the mainstream society….within the broader rules and guidelines of the dominant cultural milieu but are distinct in some way, perhaps racially or linguistically, or via their sexual orientation, age, or even occupation.

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Microcultures

• Microcultures coexist within the mainstream society….within the broader rules and guidelines of the dominant cultural milieu but are distinct in some way, perhaps racially or linguistically, or via their sexual orientation, age, or even occupation.

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Intercultural Communication

 

A brief history

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Edward T. Hall 1966 (1914-2009)

 

https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/commbusprofcdn/chapter/intercultural-communication/
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A Contextual Model of Intercultural Communication

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Contexts

 

• Cultural

• Microcultural

• Environmental

• Perceptual

• Sociorelational

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Contexts

 

• Cultural

• Microcultural

• Environmental

• Perceptual

• Sociorelational

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Intercultural Communication and Uncertainty

• Uncertainty can lead to anxiety.

• Reduction of uncertainty can lead to certainty

• Interaction with strangers is a process of reducing uncertainty

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Intercultural Communication Apprehension

• Intercultural communication apprehension is the fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated interaction with people from different groups.

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Communication Competence

• Cognitive Components

• Affective Components

• Behavioral Components

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Fundamental Assumptions about Intercultural Communication

 

• #1: During intercultural communication, the message sent is usually not the message received.

 

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Ethnocentrism

• Ethnocentrism: the idea that one’s own culture is the center of everything and all other groups (or cultures) are scaled and rated with reference to it.

• GENE Scale

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Fundamental Assumptions about Intercultural Communication

 

• #2: Intercultural communication is primarily a nonverbal act between people.

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• #3: Intercultural communication necessarily involves a clash of communicator style.

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Fundamental Assumptions about Intercultural Communication

 

 

 

• #4: Initial intercultural communication is a group phenomenon experienced by individuals.

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Fundamental Assumptions about Intercultural Communication

 

 

 

• #5: Intercultural communication is a cycle of stress, adaptation and growth.

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Fundamental Assumptions about Intercultural Communication

 

 

The Ethics Of Intercultural Communication

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Five Ethical Approaches*

 

• The Utilitarian Approach

• The Rights Approach

• The Fairness or Social Justice Approach

• The Common Good Approach

• The Virtues Approach

 

• (*Western perspective)

 

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Ethical Principles of Eastern Cultures

• Confucianism

• Hinduism

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Intercultural Communication Competence

• Empathy

• Intercultural experience/training

• Approach Tendencies

• Global Attitude

• Listening Skills