Write a 750-1000 word analysis of “Case Study: Fetal Abnormality.” Be sure to address the following questions:

/in /by

Write a 750-1000 word analysis of “Case Study: Fetal Abnormality.” Be sure to address the following questions:

  1. Which theory or theories are being used by Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson to determine the moral status of the fetus? Explain.
  2. How does the theory determine or influence each of their recommendation for action?
  3. What theory do you agree with? How would that theory determine or influence the recommendation for action?

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

RUBRIC:

Determination of Moral Status

Theory/Theories are identified that determine the moral status of the fetus for all of the people listed in the case study, including a detailed explanation.

Recommendation for Action

Recommendation for action is present, with detailed explanation that shows a deep understanding of the subject.

Personal Response to Case Study

Personal response to case study includes if you agree or disagree and a detailed explanation that shows a deep understanding of the subject including how the theory determines or influences the recommendation for action.

Thesis Development and Purpose

Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive. The essence of the paper is contained within the thesis. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

Argument Logic and Construction

Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

All format elements are correct

Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

Determine      the strengths and weaknesses of the research methods and data analysis of      each study.

/in /by

For the DNP-prepared nurse, it is important to hone skills related to reviewing and evaluating research literature to implement evidence-based practices. As you examine epidemiological research, in particular, it is essential to ask, “What are the strengths and weakness of the research method(s)? Are the data analysis and interpretation sound? Is there any evidence of bias?” This Discussion provides you and your colleagues valuable practice in critically analyzing research literature.

To prepare:

  • With      this week’s Learning Resources in mind, reflect on the importance of      analyzing epidemiological research studies.
  • Critically      appraise the Oppenheimer (2010) and Elliott, Smith, Penny, Smith and      Chambers (1999) articles presented in the Learning Resources using      Appendix A in Epidemiology for Public Health Practice as a guide.
  • Determine      the strengths and weaknesses of the research methods and data analysis of      each study.
  • Ask      yourself, “Is any bias evident in either study? What did the researchers      do to control for potential bias?”
  • Finally,      consider the importance of data interpretation in epidemiologic literature      and the issues that may arise if potential confounding factors are not      considered.

By tomorrow 04/05/2018 3pm, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with at least 3 scholarly references from the list of required readings below. Include the level one headings as numbered below”

Post a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:

1) Appraise the Oppenheimer (2010) and Elliott et al. (1999) articles, summarizing the strengths and weaknesses of each study (see attached files for those articles).

2) Analyze potential sources of bias in each study and suggest strategies for minimizing bias.

3) Suggest possible confounding variables that may have influenced the results of each study.

Required Readings

Friis, R. H., & Sellers, T. A. (2014). Epidemiology for public health practice (5th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett.

Chapter 10, “Data Interpretation Issues”

Chapter 15, “Social, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Epidemiology”

Appendix A – Guide to the Critical Appraisal of an Epidemiologic/Public Health Research Article

In Chapter 10, the authors describe issues related to data interpretation and address the main types of research errors that need to be considered when conducting epidemiologic research, as well as when analyzing published results. It also presents techniques for reducing bias. Chapter 15 features psychosocial, behavioral, and social epidemiology. Appendix A includes criteria to consider when reading an empirical journal article.

Elliott, A. M., Smith, B. H., Penny, K., Smith, W. C., & Chambers, W. A. (1999). The epidemiology of chronic pain in the community. The Lancet, 354(9186), 1248–1252.

This article describes an early epidemiologic study on chronic pain. Carefully review this article noting the structure of the research design, assessment and data collection, and analysis strategies. You will refer to this article for Discussion 2. (see attached file)

Oppenheimer, G. M. (2010). Framingham Heart Study: The first 20 years. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 53(1), 55–61.

The Framingham Heart Study is a landmark epidemiologic study that began in the 1940s. The author of this article reviews the history of the Framingham Heart Study and its contribution to population health. As you read this article, consider any sources of bias or potential conflict of interest. You will refer to this article for Discussion 2. (See attached file).

Phillips, C. V., & Goodman, K. J. (2004). The missed lessons of Sir Austin Bradford Hill. Epidemiologic Perspectives & Innovations, 1(3). Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1742-5573/1/3

In 1965, Austin Bradford Hill worked on a paper that has become a standard in public health and epidemiologic study about how to make decisions based on epidemiologic evidence. Hill put forth strategies for inferring causation and stressed the need for considering costs and benefits when planning health-promoting interventions. Review this article, which examines how Hill’s strategies are often misused or misinterpreted.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). CDC health disparities and inequalities report—United States, 2011. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Supplement, (60), 1–114. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/other/su6001.pdf. [Read pages 11–32]

This report consolidates national data on disparities in mortality, morbidity, behavioral risk factors, health care access, preventive health services, and social determinants of critical health problems in the United States by using selected indicators. The required section of reading introduces the social determinants of health and environmental hazards.

World Health Organization. (2011). Social determinants of health. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/

According to the World Health Organization, “The social determinants of health are mostly responsible for health inequities—the unfair and avoidable differences in health status seen within and between countries.” This article presents an introduction to social determinants of health.

World Health Organization. (2011). Social determinants of health: Key concepts. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/finalreport/key_concepts/en/index.html

This article outlines key concepts related to the social determinants of health.

Healthy People 2020. (2011). Social determinants of health. Retrieved from http://healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39

This website presents an overview of the social determinants of health and addresses how the information relates to Healthy People 2020.

UCL Institute of Health Equity. (2012). ‘Fair society healthy lives’ (The Marmot Review). Retrieved from http://www.instituteofhealthequity.org/projects/fair-society-healthy-lives-the-marmot-review

Optional Resources

Genaidy, A. M., Lemasters, G. K., Lockey, J., Succop, P., Deddens, J., Sobeih, & Dunning, K. (2007). An epidemiological appraisal instrumental – a tool for evaluation of epidemiological studies. Ergonomics, 50(6), 920–960.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). Social determinants of health. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/socialdeterminants/

Based on this information, what is your presumptive nursing diagnosis? All nursing diagnosis that apply to the case written in NANDA format related to … and evidence by…., NO MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS.

/in /by
Report Issue

Case Study   II

Jessica is a 32 y/old math teacher who presents to the ER with a friend for evaluation of sudden decrease of vision in the left eye. She denies any trauma or injury. It started this morning when she woke up and has progressively worsened over the past few hours. She had some blurring of her vision 1 month ago and thinks that may have been related to getting overheated, since it improved when she was able to get in a cool, air-conditioned environment. She has some pain if she tries to move her eye, but none when she just rests. She is also unable to determine colors. She denies tearing or redness or exposure to any chemicals. Nothing has made it better or worse.

She is normally healthy. She had chickenpox at age 10 and a tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy at age 11. She has no medical problems. She has never been hospitalized. She has four children, all spontaneous vaginal deliveries.  She completed a bachelor’s degree in mathematics and a master’s degree in education. She quit smoking 10 years ago (two packs daily for 5 years); she drinks an occasional wine cooler, and she denies illicit drug use. Her father has a coronary artery disease (he had a stent placed at age 67) and a mother with hypertension.

She denies fever, chills, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, headache, changes in hearing, sore throat, nasal or sinus congestion, neck pain or stiffness, chest pain or palpitations, shortness of breath or cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, dysuria, vaginal discharge, swelling in the legs, polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia.

Patient is alert; she appears anxious. BP 135/85 mm Hg; HR 64bpm and regular, RR 16 per minute, T: 98.5F. Visual acuity 20/200 in the left eye and 20/30 in the right eye. Sclera white, conjunctivae clear. Unable to assess visual fields in the left side; visual fields on the right eye are intact. Pupil response to light is diminished in the left eye and brisk in the right eye. The optic disc is swollen. Full range of motions; no swelling or deformity. Mental status: Oriented x 3. Cranial nerves: I-XII intact; horizontal nystagmus is present. Muscles with normal bulk and tone; Normal finger to nose, negative Romberg. Intact to temperature, vibration, and two-point discrimination in upper and lower extremities. Reflexes: 2+ and symmetric in biceps, triceps, brachioradialis, patellar, and Achiles tendons; no Babinski.

Instructions:

Make a whole history and physical examination in a comprehensive manner with all its elements included: CC, HPI, PMH, FH, SH, MEDICATIONS, ALLERGIES, ROS PER APPARATUS OR SYSTEMNS, HEAD TO TOE PHYSIACL EXAMINATION PER SYSTEMS ( write your presentation in H&P format no paragraph format).

 

          Based on this information, what is your presumptive nursing diagnosis? All nursing diagnosis that apply to the case written in NANDA format related to … and evidence by…., NO MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS.

  Teaching plan and nursing care plan per each nursing diagnosis on this case.

       Requirements.

1- All written assignment and documentations must be  in APA 6th edition format.

2- Double spaces, minimum 4 pages long , minimum 3 up to date bibliography. (UP to date means last 3 years.), Note: you can use your test book as bibliography too, bibliography have to be written in APA format.

What is needed to achieve the vision of change and address the identified social problem?

/in /by

In sociology, it is important to understand how to analyze a social problem using the micro and macro analytic perspectives.  In an essay (1,500-2,000 words) you will analyze the problem of urbanization.

What is the social problem? 

In this section of the essay, encapsulate the essence of a social problem associated with urbanization (e.g. urban renewal and “top down” city planning, air & water quality, housing)

Clearly describe a specific problem associated with urbanization. What is the extent, scope and severity of this problem? (Use your text or other scholarly sources to support your description of the problem.) Briefly summarize the negative consequences of this problem to society as a whole and/or to specific groups of people. Why is it important to understand and address this social problem? Why change the status quo?

2. Vision of Change and Goal Clarification 

What is the envisioned change as it relates to the social problem of Urbanization?

In this section of the essay, briefly describe what things would “look like” if the Urbanization were effectively addressed, minimized, eliminated, or if prevention steps were taken to alleviate undesirable consequences of the problem. What are specific goals to achieve the desired change (e.g., test and implement local programs to address and reduce the problem). Who stands to gain or lose if the envisioned change is realized?

3. Historical Background and Current Conditions 

What contextual factors influence this social problem? 

In this section of the essay, briefly describe two contextual factors that have influenced this social problem (e.g., historical, economic, cultural, structural, or technological factors). (Use the text or other scholarly sources to support your discussion of contextual factors influencing the problem).

Select TWO of the sociological theories (functionalist theory, conflict theory, symbolic interactionist theory) to briefly explain this social problem, given the contextual conditions you have identified. Use one theory associated with MACRO analysis, and one theory associated with MICRO analysis to explain the problem.

4. Possible Directions to Achieve Desired Change 

What is needed to achieve the vision of change and address the identified social problem?

5. Future Prospects: Suggested Strategies to Alleviate the Problem