Explain what crossing over is and how it increases genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms.

/in /by

CHAPTER 13: MEIOSIS & SEXUAL LIFE CYCLES

Save your time - order a paper!

Get your paper written from scratch within the tight deadline. Our service is a reliable solution to all your troubles. Place an order on any task and we will take care of it. You won’t have to worry about the quality and deadlines

Order Paper Now

1. Define:

Gene

Allele

Locus

Gametes

Somatic cells

2. What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction (in terms of number of parents, and variation in offspring)?

3. What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids? (Where do they “come from”? Are they identical?)

4. What are autosomes? How many pairs of autosomes do humans have?

5. Meiosis produces gametes.

What are gametes used for?

What is the union of gametes called?

The union of gametes creates what?

6. What is the difference between cells that are haploid and cells that are diploid?

Are gametes haploid or diploid?

Are somatic cells haploid or diploid?

7. Do the following eukaryotes primarily reproduce sexually or asexually?

Animals:

Plants:

Fungi:

8. How many daughter cells does meiosis produce?

Are they diploid or haploid?

Are they clones of the parent cell?

9. Draw/depict Meiosis Prophase I and Metaphase I for three pairs of chromosomes:

10. What happens during synapsis? Does synapsis happen during mitosis?

11. What are three things that happen during meiosis but not mitosis? (See P.260)

12. What is independent assortment of chromosomes? During which phase of meiosis does this occur?

13. If a cell undergoing meiosis has a haploid number of 6, what is the number of different combinations of chromosomes that can occur in the daughter cells?

14. Explain what crossing over is and how it increases genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms.

15. How is genetic variation introduced into asexually reproducing organisms like bacteria?

16. Why do most eukaryotes reproduce sexually? (What is the advantage?)