Discussion: Research Design For One-Way ANOVA

Whether in a scholarly or practitioner setting, good research and data analysis should have the benefit of peer feedback. For this Discussion, you will perform an article critique on ANOVA testing. Be sure and remember that the goal is to obtain constructive feedback to improve the research and its interpretation, so please view this as an opportunity to learn from one another.

To prepare for this Discussion:

· Review the Learning Resources and the media programs related to ANOVA testing.

· Search for and select a quantitative article specific to your discipline and related to ANOVA testing. Help with this task may be found in the Course guide and assignment help linked in this week’s Learning Resources. Also, you can use as guide the Research Design Alignment Table located in this week’s Learning Resources.

By Day 3

Write a 3- to 5-paragraphs critique of the article. In your critique, include responses to the following:

1. Which is the research design used by the authors?

2. Why did the authors use ANOVA test?

3. Do you think it’s the most appropriate choice? Why or why not?

4. Did the authors display the data?

5. Do the results stand alone? Why or why not?

6. Did the authors report effect size? If yes, is this meaningful?

Be sure to support your Main Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style.

.

Be sure to support your Main Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style.

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Frankfort-Nachmias, C., & Leon-Guerrero, A. (2018). Social statistics for a diverse society (8th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 11, “Analysis of Variance” (pp. 303-324)

Wagner, W. E. (2016). Using IBM® SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 10, “Analysis of Variance”

· Chapter 11, “Editing Output” (previously read in Week 2, 3, 4, 5. and 6)

Evidence And Non-Evidence Based Treatment Options

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, please read both “Limitations to Evidence-Based Practice” and “Rationale and Standards of Evidence-Based Practice,”and listen to the Case Studies in Non-evidence Based Treatment Part One. On the last day of Week 5, listen to Case Studies in Non-evidence Based Treatment Part Two.

For your initial post, you will choose one of the case studies from this week’s audio file selection on which to base your remarks. Based on the available information, evaluate the symptoms and presenting problems for the patient in the chosen case study and propose a provisional diagnosis. Describe one evidence-based treatment for this diagnosis and provide a rationale for your choice. Research at least two peer-reviewed articles to support your evidence-based treatment selection.

 

Brewer, S., Cervantes, E., & Simpelo, V. (2014). Case studies in non-evidence-based treatment: Part one Preview the document [Audio file]. College of Health and Human Services, Ashford University: San Diego, CA.

  • This audio file briefly presents case studies illustrating patients who responded to non-evidence-based treatment after evidence-based treatment failed to alleviate their symptoms.

Brewer, S., Cervantes, E., & Simpelo, V. (2014). Case studies in non-evidence-based treatment: Part twoPreview the document [Audio file]. College of Health and Human Services, Ashford University: San Diego, CA.

  • This audio file briefly presents case studies illustrating patients who responded to non-evidence-based treatment after evidence-based treatment failed to alleviate their symptoms.

Psychotherapy Plan For Brittany (CBT Discussion)

This is a fictitious case. All names used in the document are fictitious.

Sample Treatment Plan Update Recipient Information Provider Information Medicaid Number:123456789 Medicaid Number:987654321 Name: Jill Spratt Name: Tom Thumb, Ph.D. DOB: 9-13-92 Treatment Plan Date: 10-9-06 Treatment Plan Review Date: 3-19-07 Other Agencies Involved: Plan to Coordinate Services: Jack Horner, M.D., Child Psychiatrist

As needed, but at least 1 time every 3 months.

Spring Hill Middle School Contact by phone as needed.

Diagnoses: Axis I: 296.25 Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, in Partial Remission V61.20 Parent-Child Relational Problem Axis II: No diagnosis Axis III: No diagnosis Axis IV: Problems with Primary Support Group Axis V: 61 Justification for Diagnosis Change: Primary diagnosis has been changed from Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, Moderate, to Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, in Partial Remission to reflect the progress Jill has made. The diagnosis was changed to partial remission because although she exhibited enough symptoms for a Major Depressive Disorder diagnosis at the beginning of treatment, currently she is only experiencing feelings of worthlessness; and depressed and irritable mood, and these symptoms are milder than they were at the start of treatment. Medication(s): Dose: Frequency: Indication: Prozac 20 mg 1 x day depression Response to Medication and other Concurrent Treatment: Jill has responded well to Prozac. Jill reports that she feels the medication has helped her and her father also reports seeing improvement after Jill started medication. In a recent phone contact on (3-12-07) Dr. Horner indicated that he plans to continue Jill on her current dose of Prozac. There are no other concurrent treatments. 1. Problem/Symptom: Current symptoms of depression include periods of sadness, irritability and poor self- esteem. In addition, over the past few months Jill has had difficulty coping with stressors; she has reacted to stressors with a brief increase in depressive symptoms, including increased sleep, suicidal thoughts, and loss of interests. Long Term Goal: Symptoms of depression will be significantly reduced and will no longer interfere with Jill’s functioning. This will be measured by a t score of 60 or below on the YSR at the time of discharge. Anticipated completion date: 6-4-07 Short Term Goals/Objectives:

1. Jill and her father will develop a safety plan/no self-harm contract

2. Jill will become involved in at least one additional extracurricular activity or sport

3. Jill will report no suicidal ideation for 3 consecutive weeks

4. Jill will learn coping skills, including problem solving and emotional regulation. This will be measured by her demonstrating these skills during therapy sessions and bringing in homework assignments for two consecutive

Date Established 10-9-06 10-9-06 10-9-06 10-9-06

Projected Completion Date 10-9-06 11-02-06 12-02-06 1-16-07

Date Acheived 10-9-06 11-09-06 11-23-06 2-12-07

 

 

 

weeks that show she practiced them between sessions. 5. Jill will learn to identify maladaptive, negative thoughts

and how to replace them with more positive, adaptive thoughts. This will be measured by her demonstrating these skills during therapy sessions and bringing in homework assignments for two consecutive weeks that show she practiced them between sessions.

6. Jill will identify maladaptive, negative thoughts related to poor self-esteem and replace those with positive, adaptive thoughts. This will be measured by her demonstrating these skills during therapy sessions and bringing in homework assignments for two consecutive weeks that show she practiced between sessions.

7. Jill will identify three areas of interest and strength and become (or continue to be) involved in activities that utilize her strengths.

 

10-9-06 3-19-07 3-19-07

4-02-07 New projected date: 6-4-07 6-4-07 6-4-07

 

Responsible Person(s) 1. Tom Thumb, Ph.D.

Intervention/Action Individual therapy to help Jill learn and implement coping skills and to help her identify, process and resolve feelings and concerns.

2. Jill Spratt

3.

Responsible Person(s):

1. Tom Thumb, Ph.D.

Intervention/actions: Family Therapy to provide psycho-education about depression to increase parents’ insight into Jill, and to increase parents’ ability to support and encourage Jill to utilize new coping skills.

2. Jill Spratt

3. Jack and Joan Spratt, father and step-mother

Responsible Person(s): Jack Horner, M.D.

1.

Intervention/actions: Medication Management

2. 3.

Responsible Person(s): 1.

Intervention/actions:

2. 3.

Review Date: 3-19-7

Progress: A the beginning of treatment, family established a safety plan and followed it until Jill was free of suicidal ideation for three weeks. Jill participated in the extracurricular sport of basketball. Jill has demonstrated steps to problem solving, identifying and modulating emotions, and relaxation training in session. She brought in homework assignments demonstrating that she used problem solving and relaxation skills for two consecutive weeks. Beginning in December, 2006, she has brought her feelings journal homework to 10 out of 12 therapy sessions. Education has been provided on identifying and replacing negative, maladaptive thoughts but Jill cannot consistently demonstrate these skills in session yet. Her YSR Withdrawn/Depressed t score has dropped to 66.

Review Date:

Progress:

2. Problem/Symptom: Family Conflict currently is manifested by rude comments towards her step-mother and frequent arguing between Jill and her step-mother. “Rude” behavior towards her step-mother included eye rolling; walking away while her step-mother tried to talk to her; using a hostile or sarcastic tone of voice; and making

 

 

 

comments such as “you can’t tell me what to do, you’re not my parent.” Long Term Goal: Reduce family conflict and increase positive family interactions. This will be measured by reducing evasive/withdrawn interactions with her father to 1 time a week for 3 consecutive weeks; reducing arguing/rudeness towards her step-mother to 7 times a week for 3 consecutive weeks; and family will report at least one positive interaction/family activity per day for 3 consecutive weeks. Anticipated completion date: 6-4-07 Short Term Goals/Objectives:

1. Gather baseline data on evasive/withdrawn interactions with father and arguing/rudeness with step-mother.

2. Family will establish routine times in the week for communication and/or family activities (i.e., family meetings, family fun nights). This will be measured by the family establishing a schedule for communication/activities and reporting the number of times each week that they followed the schedule. 3. Jill and her father will learn communication and conflict resolution skills. This will be measured by Jill and her father demonstrating the skills, without coaching, to successfully discuss and resolve issues in 2 consecutive family therapy sessions. 4. Jill and her step-mother will learn communication and

conflict resolution skills. This will be measured by Jill and her step-mother demonstrating the skills, without coaching, to successfully discuss and resolve issues in 2 consecutive family therapy sessions.

5. Reduce evasive/withdrawn interactions with father to 3 times a week

6. Reduce arguing/rudeness to step-mother to 14 times a week

7. Reduce evasive/withdrawn interactions with father to 1 time a week.

8. Reduce arguing/rudeness to step-mother to 7 times a week.

 

Date Established 10-2-06 10-9-06 10-9-06 10-9-06 10-9-06 10-9-06 10-9-06 10-9-06

Projected Completion Date 10-9-06 10-23-06 11-23-06 12-23-06 New projected date: 6-4-07 1-23-07 2-23-07 3-9-07 4-6-07 New projected date: 6-4-07

Date Achieved 10-9-06 10-23-06 11-16-06 12-11-06 2-16-07 2-2-07

Responsible Person(s): .

1. Tom Thumb, Ph.D.

Intervention/actions: Family Therapy to explore and help family understand family dynamics, negative patterns and problems in family structure; and to help family learn and use communication and conflict resolution skills.

2. Jill Spratt

3. Jack and Joan Spratt, father and step- mother

Responsible Person(s):

1. Tom Thumb, Ph.D.

Intervention/actions: Individual Therapy to explore, process and resolve Jill’s feelings about family members, rules and structure; and to reinforce using good communication, conflict resolution and coping skills at home.

2.Jill Spratt 3.

Responsible Person(s): 1.

Intervention/actions:

2. 3.

Intervention/actions: Responsible Person(s): 1.

 

 

 

2. 3.

Review Date: 3-19-7

Progress: For the past four weeks, family has held 4/4 scheduled family meetings, 3/4 family movie nights, and Jill and her father have talked for at least 15 minutes a day 25/28 days. Jill and her father have demonstrated communication and conflict resolution skills in session. For the past four weeks, father reports Jill has had 2 evasive/withdrawn interactions with him. Jill and her step-mother have not successfully demonstrated use of conflict resolution skills in session. During the past four weeks, there have been 43 arguing/rude interactions between Jill and her step- mother.

Review Date:

Progress:

Involvement of Family: Father and step-mother will participate in family therapy and follow through on homework assignments to improve family functioning. Ms. Spratt recently made a commitment to participate more regularly in family therapy. Father and step-mother will formally (behavior counts and homework assignments) and informally monitor Jill’s symptoms, problems and progress. Father will support Jill in implementing new skills and becoming more active. Services Needed beyond scope of organization or program: Medication Management by Dr. Jack Horner Estimated Completion date for level of care: 6-4-07 Aftercare Plans: It is anticipated that Jill will not need ongoing outpatient psychotherapy at the time of discharge. She will continue to receive medication management with Dr. Jack Horner. Patient /Responsible Party Signature: Provider Signature: Tom Thumb, Ph.D. Must be a true signature, Rubber stamp signatures are not allowed Electronic signatures are acceptable

Date: 3-19-07

Provider Name/Title: (Print) Tom Thumb, Ph.D., Licensed Psychologist

Identify the object and the comment of a proposition

 

Course Code

PHI 110

Section

Name

Exercise A. Identify the object and the comment of a proposition

In this exercise, you will be given a proposition and asked to determine its object and comment.

Example:  Mary has a firm command of biology.

Object: Mary

Comment: that she has a firm command of biology

1. Kevin is a football player.

Object:

Comment:

2. The dog is going crazy.

Object:

Comment:

3. That cable is 20-foot long.

Object:

Comment:

4. Jen is smarter than Amy.

Object:

Comment:

5. The manager is in his office.

Object:

Comment:

6. The attack took place yesterday.

Object:

Comment:

7. The train has arrived.

Object:

Comment:

8. The wolf runs away.

Object:

Comment:

9. Those insects cause extensive damage.

Object:

Comment:

10. David did worse than Judy on the test.

Object:

Comment:

Exercise B. Identify Propositions

Which of the following directly express a proposition? Mark those that are propositions. You can mark each of them by changing the text color

1. Jack is a Baptist.

2. Game

3. Fantastic!

4. Is the fetus a human person?

5. The Pillsbury Dough Boy

6. Some birds fly south for the winter.

7. Was two blocks south of the library

8. No food or drink in library!

9. I would like a Jaguar XJ-S for Christmas.

10. Ran too fast for me to catch him

11. Are you waiting for the bus?

12. While waiting for the bus to come, I read the newspaper

13. The tallest building in the world

14. The Sears Tower is the tallest building in the world.

15. Awesome!

16. Native Americans are the indigenous people of the Americas.

17. Have you done the homework?

18. Are the indigenous people

19. Juliet is a dark and brooding beauty.

20. How can you do that?

Exercise C. Propositions, Sentences, and Words

In this exercise, you will be given two sentences and asked to determine whether they assert the same proposition.

Example: Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Mary has a firm command of the subject matter.

Mary has a good comprehension of the subject matter.

Answer: Yes

1. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Jack is a Christian.

Jack is a Protestant.

Answer:

2. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Mary has a firm command of the subject matter.

Mary has a good comprehension of the subject matter.

Answer:

3. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Native Americans are the primitive people who lived in America before the advent of the Europeans.

Native Americans are the indigenous people of the Americas.

Answer:

4. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Insects are dangerous pests.

Each year, insects cause billions of dollars of crop damage.

Answer:

5. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Juliet is the sun.

Juliet is a dark and brooding beauty.

Answer:

6. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Jane did better than Tom on the test.

Tom did worse than Jane on the test.

Answer:

7. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Some masters are surpassed by their disciples.

Some disciples are surpassed by their masters.

Answer:

8. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

Some masters are surpassed by their disciples. 

Some disciples surpass their masters.

Answer:

9. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

The president knows that war is imminent.

The president believes that war is imminent.

Answer:

10. Do the following two sentences express the same proposition?

The Japanese who eat lots of fish have fewer heart attacks.

The Japanese, who eat lots of fish, have fewer heart attacks.

Answer:

Exercise D. Embedded Propositions

In this exercise, you will be given a proposition and asked to identify propositions embedded in it. Please enlarge the space below the question to write your answer.

Example: Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “Information about DNA, RNA, and the proteins found in different species can be compared to establish taxonomic relationships.”

Answer: The embedded propositions are as follows.

(1) There is information about DNA, RNA, and the proteins.

(2) Information about DNA, RNA, and the proteins are found in different species.

1. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “Scientists believe that eukaryotic cells developed as a result of a process of endosymbiosis.”

Answer:

2. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “Spiders that are poisonous are the black widow and the brown recluse.”

Answer:

3. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “Snakes, which are reptiles without legs, kill large number of rodents.”

Answer:

4. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “The fact that half of his freshman class believe in leprechauns was a shock to the new philosophy professor.”

Answer:

5. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “The recent acquisition of a nuclear capability by Pakistan poses a danger to stability in the Indian basin.”

Answer:

6. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “The Volkswagen Beetle, which some people consider the finest compact car ever made, has not been produced since 1974.”

Answer:

7. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “Some music theorists hold that the sonata form, with its three stages of exposition, development, and recapitulation, is best suited for expressing complex emotional themes.”

Answer:

8. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “The spending bill that Congress passed last month was widely criticized as irresponsible.”

Answer:

9. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “The rhododendron is a woody shrub that grows best in acid soil and shade.”

Answer:

10. Identify embedded propositions in the following proposition: “The overnight express mail services fear that the increasingly widespread use of fax machines will hurt their business.”

Answer:

 

Exercise E. Affirmativeness

In this exercise, you will be given a proposition and asked to indicate those embedded propositions that are asserted. Please enlarge the space below the question to write your answer.

Example 1: Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “Information about DNA, RNA, and the proteins found in different species can be compared to establish taxonomic relationships.”

Answer: The following embedded propositions are asserted.

(1) There is information about DNA, RNA, and the proteins.

(2) Information about DNA, RNA, and the proteins are found in different species.

Example 2: Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “Gerard Manley Hopkins was either a genius or insane.”

Answer: None of the embedded propositions is asserted.

1. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “Scientists believe that eukaryotic cells developed as a result of a process of endosymbiosis.”

Answer:

2. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “Spiders that are poisonous are the black widow and the brown recluse.”

Answer:

.

3. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “Snakes, which are reptiles without legs, kill large number of rodents.”

Answer:

4. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “The fact that half of his freshman class believe in leprechauns was a shock to the new philosophy professor.”

Answer:

5. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “The recent acquisition of a nuclear capability by Pakistan poses a danger to stability in the Indian basin.”

Answer:

6. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “The Volkswagen Beetle, which some people consider the finest compact car ever made, has not been produced since 1974.”

Answer:

7. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “Some music theorists hold that the sonata form, with its three stages of exposition, development, and recapitulation, is best suited for expressing complex emotional themes.”

Answer:

8. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “The spending bill that Congress passed last month was widely criticized as irresponsible.”

Answer:

9. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “The rhododendron is a woody shrub that grows best in acid soil and shade.”

Answer:

10. Indicate the embedded propositions that are asserted in the following proposition: “The overnight express mail services fear that the increasingly widespread use of fax machines will hurt their business.”

Answer: