Explain the rationale for the change, and whether or not the intended outcomes have been met. Assess the management of the change, and propose suggestions for how the process could have been improved.

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As a nurse leader, you need to have the skills and knowledge to collaborate and communicate with those who plan for and manage change. This capacity is valuable in any health care setting and for many different types of change. Furthermore, it is essential to be able to evaluate a change effort and determine if it is promoting improved outcomes and making a positive difference within the department or unit, or for the organization as a whole.

To prepare:

·        Review Chapters 7 and 8 in the course text. Focus on the strategies for planning and implementing change in an organization, as well as the roles of nurses, managers, and other health care professionals throughout this process.

·        Reflect on a specific change that has recently occurred in your organization or one in which you have worked previously. What was the catalyst or purpose of the change?

·        How did the change affect your job and responsibilities?

·        Consider the results of the change and whether or not the intended outcomes have been achieved.

·        Was the change managed skillfully? Why or why not? How might the process have been improved?

On the Week 4 Discussion Board, post on a summary of a specific change within an organization and describe the impact of this change on your role and responsibilities. Explain the rationale for the change, and whether or not the intended outcomes have been met. Assess the management of the change, and propose suggestions for how the process could have been improved.

Course Readings/ Resources

·        Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2015). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application (8th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

o   Chapter 7, “Strategic and Operational Planning” Chapter 8, “Planned Change”

·        McAlearney, A., Terris, D., Hardacre, J., Spurgeon, P. Brown, C.,  Baumgart, A.,  Nyström, M. (2014). Organizational coherence in health care organizations: Conceptual guidance to facilitate quality improvement and organizational change. Quality Management in Health Care, 23(4), 254-267 doi: 10.1097/QMH.0b013e31828bc37d

·        Mitchell, G. (2013). Selecting the best theory to implement planned change. Nursing Management – UK,20(1), 32-37. doi: 10.7748/nm2013.04.20.1.32.e1013

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·        Shirey, M. R. (2013). Lewin’s Theory of Planned Change as a strategic resource. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 43(2), 69-72. doi:10.1097/NNA.0b013e31827f20a9

 

 

Discuss how you would address the problem if you were the manager, dissertation chair, doctoral research mentor, or supervisor of the person involved in the case you selected.

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Assignment 1: Ethical Issues (Case Studies)

This module taught you about ethical and political issues of applied research and discussed the components of good and unsuccessful proposals. Using your textbook, the Argosy University online library resources, and other scholarly sources, discuss how you would assess one of the ethical cases listed below.

Case 1

Roger Thompson had recently spent eighteen months in Melanesia with the Grand Lake people. When he was invited to contribute a chapter to a colleague’s book on myth, Roger decided to discuss one of the Grand Lake myths about the origin of certain magical powers. The story would illustrate a point that he wished to make about the authority of the shaman in the lives of the people.

After carefully translating the myth, Roger reviewed his field notes to check a few details. As he was turning the pages of his notebook, he discovered that two of them were stuck together. When he separated them, he found that the second page, which had been concealed by the first, contained a few short notes describing how he had come to record the myth, the details of which he had forgotten. According to his notes, he had persuaded the leading shaman in the village to recount the myth, provided that Roger promised never to reveal it to anyone else. Suddenly, Roger wondered whether he was violating a confidence by contributing a discussion of this myth to his colleague’s book. What should he do?

Case 2

The research protocol for a study of a drug on hypertension requires the administration of the drug at different doses to fifty laboratory mice, with chemical and behavioral tests to determine toxic effects. Tom has almost finished the experiment for Dr. Q. He has only five mice left to test; however, he really wants to finish his work in time to go to Florida on spring break with his friends, who are leaving that night. He has injected the drug in all fifty mice but has not completed all of the tests. He therefore decides to extrapolate from the forty-five completed results to produce the five additional results.

Case 3

Dr. T has just discovers a mathematical error in a paper that has been accepted for publication in a journal. The error does not affect the overall results of his research, but it is potentially misleading. The journal has just gone to press, so it is too late to catch the error before it appears in print. To avoid embarrassment, Dr. T decides to ignore the error.

Case 4

Dr. Wexford is the principal investigator of a large epidemiological study on the health of five thousand agricultural workers. She has an impressive dataset that includes information on demographics, environmental exposures, diet, genetics, and various disease outcomes such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). She has just published a paper on the relationship between pesticide exposure and PD in a prestigious journal. She is planning to publish many other papers from her dataset. She receives a request from another research team that wants access to her complete dataset. The team is interested in examining the relationship between pesticide exposure and skin cancer. Dr. Wexford is planning to conduct a study on this topic.

Dr. Wexford faces a difficult choice. On the one hand, the ethical norm of openness obliges her to share data with the other research team. Her funding agency may also have rules that obligate her to share data. On the other hand, if she shares data with the other team, it may publish results that she is planning to publish, thus depriving her (and her team) of recognition and priority. It seems that there are good arguments on both sides of this issue, and Dr. Wexford needs to take some time to think about what she should do. One possible option is to share data, provided that the investigators sign a data use agreement. The agreement could define allowable uses of the data, publication plans, authorship, etc.

Source: Smithsonian Institution and National Institute on Science and Health Services

In a minimum of 300 words, post to the Discussion Area your responses to the following:

  • Define research ethics.
  • On the basis of the case you selected, discuss the ethical issues present.
  • Explain the pitfalls that could occur if the problem is not addressed.
  • Discuss how you would address the problem if you were the manager, dissertation chair, doctoral research mentor, or supervisor of the person involved in the case you selected.
  • Use at least one scholarly citation and cite the sources in the body of your work using APA standards.
  • Prepare a reference list.

Support your rationale and analysis by using at least two resources from professional literature in your response.  (Case Studies)

This module taught you about ethical and political issues of applied research and discussed the components of good and unsuccessful proposals. Using your textbook, the Argosy University online library resources, and other scholarly sources, discuss how you would assess one of the ethical cases listed below.

Case 1

Roger Thompson had recently spent eighteen months in Melanesia with the Grand Lake people. When he was invited to contribute a chapter to a colleague’s book on myth, Roger decided to discuss one of the Grand Lake myths about the origin of certain magical powers. The story would illustrate a point that he wished to make about the authority of the shaman in the lives of the people.

After carefully translating the myth, Roger reviewed his field notes to check a few details. As he was turning the pages of his notebook, he discovered that two of them were stuck together. When he separated them, he found that the second page, which had been concealed by the first, contained a few short notes describing how he had come to record the myth, the details of which he had forgotten. According to his notes, he had persuaded the leading shaman in the village to recount the myth, provided that Roger promised never to reveal it to anyone else. Suddenly, Roger wondered whether he was violating a confidence by contributing a discussion of this myth to his colleague’s book. What should he do?

Case 2

The research protocol for a study of a drug on hypertension requires the administration of the drug at different doses to fifty laboratory mice, with chemical and behavioral tests to determine toxic effects. Tom has almost finished the experiment for Dr. Q. He has only five mice left to test; however, he really wants to finish his work in time to go to Florida on spring break with his friends, who are leaving that night. He has injected the drug in all fifty mice but has not completed all of the tests. He therefore decides to extrapolate from the forty-five completed results to produce the five additional results.

Case 3

Dr. T has just discovers a mathematical error in a paper that has been accepted for publication in a journal. The error does not affect the overall results of his research, but it is potentially misleading. The journal has just gone to press, so it is too late to catch the error before it appears in print. To avoid embarrassment, Dr. T decides to ignore the error.

Case 4

Dr. Wexford is the principal investigator of a large epidemiological study on the health of five thousand agricultural workers. She has an impressive dataset that includes information on demographics, environmental exposures, diet, genetics, and various disease outcomes such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). She has just published a paper on the relationship between pesticide exposure and PD in a prestigious journal. She is planning to publish many other papers from her dataset. She receives a request from another research team that wants access to her complete dataset. The team is interested in examining the relationship between pesticide exposure and skin cancer. Dr. Wexford is planning to conduct a study on this topic.

Dr. Wexford faces a difficult choice. On the one hand, the ethical norm of openness obliges her to share data with the other research team. Her funding agency may also have rules that obligate her to share data. On the other hand, if she shares data with the other team, it may publish results that she is planning to publish, thus depriving her (and her team) of recognition and priority. It seems that there are good arguments on both sides of this issue, and Dr. Wexford needs to take some time to think about what she should do. One possible option is to share data, provided that the investigators sign a data use agreement. The agreement could define allowable uses of the data, publication plans, authorship, etc.

Source: Smithsonian Institution and National Institute on Science and Health Services

In a minimum of 300 words, post to the Discussion Area your responses to the following:

  • Define research ethics.
  • On the basis of the case you selected, discuss the ethical issues present.
  • Explain the pitfalls that could occur if the problem is not addressed.
  • Discuss how you would address the problem if you were the manager, dissertation chair, doctoral research mentor, or supervisor of the person involved in the case you selected.
  • Use at least one scholarly citation and cite the sources in the body of your work using APA standards.
  • Prepare a reference list.

Support your rationale and analysis by using at least two resources from professional literature in your response. APA Style and Free of Plagiarism

Explain your rationale for how you set the price of your products in the marketplace. How did your pricing compare to the competition at the close of the Round? How do you plan to respond in the next round?

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Discuss R&D, marketing, production, and the impact on company financial performance and competitive positioning. The following bullets suggest issues to address.

For this assignment, you will respond to the address the efficacy of decisions made for your team Competition Round 1, the outcomes, and implications for Competition Round 2.  This post is an in depth assessment of all decisions made. What have you identified as the key business issues that will impact your product as the result of Competition Round 1 outcomes? How do you plan to adjust the decisions for your product? Prepare to discuss your decisions with the other members of your team. Discuss R&D, marketing, production, and the impact on company financial performance and competitive positioning. The following bullets suggest issues to address.

If you are the COO and did not make product decisions, discuss each of the four areas from the strategic organization level perspective.

As the Vice President of your product please address these questions for the decisions you made in R&D:

  • To what degree did your decisions regarding specification of the products serve to attract customer demand? What do you plan for round 2, based on the outcome?
  • What level of quality and reliability—mean time between failure (MTBF) did you build into your products and why?
  • How did you ensure that the perceived age of the product meets customer demand?
  • What was the impact of your R&D decisions on materials cost? What other decisions were impacted by the increase or decrease?

As the Vice President of your product please address these questions for the decisions you made in Marketing:

  • Explain your rationale for how you set the price of your products in the marketplace. How did your pricing compare to the competition at the close of the Round? How do you plan to respond in the next round?
  • How well did you build customer awareness through promotion, relative to the competition?
  • How effectively did you establish a sales force and distribution channels?
  • What was your sales forecast strategy for your products and how did you calculate it?

As the Vice President of your product please address these questions for the decisions you made in Production:

  • Did you purchase machinery to automate your facilities? Why or why not?
  • Did you buy or sell capacity of product lines?
  • How did you establish your production schedule for each line?

In conjunction with the COO final Finance decisions, address these questions for the Finance decisions related to your product:

  • Did you acquire capital to fund capital expansions?
  • How effectively did your company fund operations?
  • Did your product decisions contribute to or detract from company performance? Why?
  • Given your analysis, what adjustments do you plan for Competition Round 2?

write a paper that includes the following:  A description of the purpose of the research, the hypotheses, and the methods used to test the hypotheses

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This week, you will read the article written by Sorokowski et al. (2015), located under your weekly resources.

Then, you will write a paper that includes the following:  A description of the purpose of the research, the hypotheses, and the methods used to test the hypotheses.

A description of the variables that were measured in the research and the level of measurement for each variable (i.e., nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio).

A description of the sample used in the research. Your description should include a discussion regarding the diversity (e.g., age, sex, race, etc.) of the sample.

For example, was the sample representative of a particular population or was it simply a convenience sample?

A discussion to determine if the ethical guidelines were followed in the recruitment and testing of participants.

A summary of the results and conclusions.

A description of the measures of central tendency (i.e., mean, median, or mode) and variability (e.g., standard deviation) reported by the authors. This should include specific examples of how central tendency and variability were reported in the article; you should not include general definitions for these terms.

Length: 2-3 pages