PSYC 355

Lesson 24, Exercises 1-5

Billie wishes to test the hypothesis that overweight individuals tend to eat faster than normal-weight individuals. To test this hypothesis, she has two assistants sit in a McDonald’s restaurant and indentify individuals who order the Big mac special (Big Mac, large fries, and large coke) for lunch. the big mackers, as they are affectionately called by the assistants, are classified as overweight, normal-weight, or neither overweight nor normal weight. the assistants identify 10 overweight and 30 normal-weight big mackers. the assistants record the amount of time it takes for the individuals to complete their big mac special meals. the spss data file contains two variables, a grouping variable with two levels, overweight (= 1) and normal weight (= 2), and time in seconds to eat the meal.

1. compute an independent-sample t test on these data. report the t values and the p values assuming equal population variances and not assuming equal population variances.

2. on the output, identify the following:

a. Mean eating time for overweight individuals

b. standard deviation for normal weight individuals

c. results for the test evaluating homogeneity of variances

3. compute an effect size that describes the magnitude of the relationship between weight an d the speed of eating big mac meals.

4. write a results section based on our analyses.

5. if you did not include a graph in your results section, create a graph in apa format that shows the differences between the two groups.

(a) Let, µ1 = Average time taken by an overweight individual to eat

µ2 = Average time taken by a normal person to eat

We are to test H: µ1 = µ2 vs. K: µ1 > µ2

Here we conduct independent samples t-test.

Independent Samples Test
	t-test for Equality of Means
	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)	Mean Difference	Std. Error Difference
Time	Equal variances assumed	-3.275	18	.004	-95.90000	29.28650
	Equal variances not assumed	-3.275	13.509	.006	-95.90000	29.28650

Here, t-value is =-3.275 and p-value =0.004

We reject H at 1% level of significance, i.e. , we conclude overweight i9ndividuals tends to eat faster than normal people.

(b)

Group Statistics
	Group	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
Time	1.00	10	589.0000	42.61455	13.47590
	2.00	10	684.9000	82.22523	26.00190

From the above table, we see that the difference between the mean of the two groups is = 95.9 and the difference in the standard deviations = 39.61

(c) Here the null hypothesis is, H: µ1 = µ2 and the alternate hypothesis is, K: µ1 > µ2

Here we reject the null hypothesis at 1% level of significance.

(d) The result tells us that overweight individuals tends to eat significantly faster than normal-weight individuals.

SPSS Homework 2 Instructions: Independent Samples (Independent Means) t Tests (40 points)

Part One:

Green & Salkind: Lesson 24, Exercises 1-5

The following helpful tips are numbered to correspond with the exercise number to which they refer:

1. Type these values out underneath your copied and pasted output.

2. Instead of identifying these values on your output, as the text states, please write them into your Word file as written answers for #2 a, b, and c.

3. The effect size statistic must be computed by hand (or calculator!). Use the second “easier” formula for d found in the section on Effect Size Statistics in this lesson.

4. All homework “Results sections” should follow the example given in the Course Content document “Writing Results of Statistical Tests in APA Format” (note: you do not have to refer to a figure).

5. Create a boxplot (not an error bar graph) using the following steps (covered also in Lesson 21):

a. Go to Graphs—Legacy Dialogs—Boxplot—Select “Simple”—Select “Summaries for Groups of Cases”

b. Click “Define”: Variable = “Time Spent” (this is your dependent variable) and Category Axis = “Weight” (this is your independent, or grouping, variable)

c. OK

Part Two:

1. A learning psychologist is interested in comparing the success of 2 different foreign language learning programs. He assigns students to two different classes, one that focuses on a more academic style including lectures and worksheets, and one that focuses on a more conversational style including repetition and group work. He then administers a standardized language exam to each group of students.Using the table below, enter the data into a new SPSS data file and use a t-test for independent means to analyze the claim that the two teaching styles are different.

The steps will be the same as the ones you have been practicing in Part One of the assignment—the only difference is that you are now responsible for creating the data file as well. Remember to name and define your variables under the “Variable View,” then return to the “Data View” to enter the data.

Academic	Conversational
154 101 85 94 172 203 124 52 93		193 102 239 227 128 203 249 243 178

2. Create a boxplot illustrating the differences between the two methods of language learning.

3. Write an APA-style results section describing the outcome. All homework “Results sections” should follow the example given in the Course Content document “Writing Results of Statistical Tests in APA Format” (note: you do not have to refer to a figure).

Part 3: Cumulative Homework

1. The effects of alcohol intake on aggressive driving are studied in a group of students tested on a driving simulator. One group of fifteen students are tested first with a placebo, given an ounce of alcohol, waited 30 minutes and were tested again. Number of crashes are counted. Did consuming alcohol increase aggressive driving? Choose the correct test to analyze this question, set up the SPSS file, and run the analysis. Follow the directions under the table below.

Placebo	Alcohol
7 7 5 8 10 13 12 11 11 15 8 9 7 7 6	10 15 12 8 5 21 10 11 13 20 8 9 17 18 19

a) Paste appropriate SPSS output.

b) Paste appropriate SPSS graph.

c) Write an APA-style results section describing the outcome. All homework “Results sections” should follow the example given in the Course Content document “Writing Results of Statistical Tests in APA Format” (note: you do not have to refer to a figure).

This assignment is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of Module/Week 2.

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Environmental Influences on Offender Trends and Patterns
Video Presentation

Environmental Influences on Offender Trends and Patterns

City officials have asked your department supervisor to provide information on environmental influences on offender trends and patterns. Your supervisor has asked you to create a video presentation on this topic to present to city officials at their weekly meeting. The video presentation should include f our examples of environmental influences and an assessment of how each one influences offender trends and patterns .

You can create the video presentation using Microsoft PowerPoint or another video application you are familiar with using. Narration must be included in the video presentation.

To create the video presentation, follow these steps:

Step 1: Research the topic. Include at least three reliable sources to support the main message, including visuals/graphics. Include four or more visuals (e.g., photo, table, diagram, chart, etc.)
Step 2: Create an outline for the presentation in Microsoft Word. The outline should layout how the presentation will show each point you wish to make to the audience and include speaker notes you will use for the narration. Write the speaker notes as if you are presenting to a live audience. Include references to sources, including graphics, cited in APA style. Note: You have to submit the outline (with the link to the video) to receive full credit for this Assignment.
Step 3: Create the video presentation utilizing the outline you have prepared. Record the narration from the speaker notes.
The video presentation should have the following characteristics:

A PowerPoint presentation (recorded as a video file)
Note: Instead of PowerPoint, the video presentation can be created in another application you are familiar with using (PowToons, etc.). Get permission from your instructor for the software you want to use.
Must include narration.
No more than 10 minutes in length.
Contains a title and references slide/screen
Research from at least three reliable sources to support the main message, including graphics.
Four or more visuals (e.g., photo, table, diagram, chart, etc.)
Research and visuals are cited in APA citation format, both in-text and on a References slide/screen and in a separate Microsoft Word document. You need to quote material taken directly from a source. The same standards for documenting sources that apply to an essay, apply to a presentation.
Designed with the audience in mind in order to inform your viewers about the topic.
Presentation outline should include speaker notes, the link to the video, and references to sources, including graphics, cited in APA style.
Post the video on any free video sharing site (YouTube, Vimeo).