Review several of your colleagues’ posts and respond to at least two of your peers by 11:59 p.m. on Day 7 of the week.

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Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses. Refer to the Discussion Forum Grading Rubric under the Settings icon above for guidance on how your discussion will be evaluated.

Solutions to Issues in Developmental Psychology

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, please read the required Baltes (1987) articles for this week.

For your initial post, choose one contemporary issue or problem related to developmental psychology that is prevalent in today’s news and research a minimum of one peer-reviewed article on this issue in the Ashford University Library. Evaluate the issue based on one of the theoretical perspectives (Freud’s Psychosexual Theory, Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory, Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development, etc.) that we have studied across this course. Explain how the theory provides a deeper understanding of the contemporary issue. Propose one well-developed solution to address the issue or problem.

Guided Response: Review several of your colleagues’ posts and respond to at least two of your peers by 11:59 p.m. on Day 7 of the week. You are encouraged to post your required replies earlier in the week to promote more meaningful and interactive discourse in this discussion.

Were there any contributions by your colleagues’ chosen theoretical perspective that were not included in his or her initial post? How might these contributions have provided more insight into the contemporary issue being considered? Critically examine the proposed solution and reconcile any discrepancies between your colleague’s perspective(s) and your own. Suggest a different solution than your colleague explaining the benefits. Continue to monitor the discussion forum until 5:00 p.m. MST on Day 7 of the week and respond to anyone who replies to your initial post.

Create a scatterplot. Copy and paste the scatterplot output to your Word document. Based on the scatterplot, what is the expected strength and direction of the correlation?

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Assessment Instructions

Answer the questions below, following the Submission Requirements as specified at the end of the assessment.

Assessment Concepts
Question Concept
Question 1 SPSS: One-Variable Chi Square
Question 2 SPSS: One-Variable Chi Square
Question 3 Chi-Square as a Test of Independence
Question 4 SPSS: Two-Variable Chi-Square
Question 5 Measures of Effect Size
Question 6 Power and the Factors Affecting It
Question 7 Power and the Factors Affecting It
Question 8 Correlational Studies
Question 9 Correlation: Relationship Direction
Question 10 SPSS: Scatterplot
Question 11 SPSS: Pearson r
Question 12 SPSS: Pearson r

Question 1

Complete the following steps:

  1. Open the SPSS file assessment5a.sav linked in the Resources under the Required Resources heading.
  2. At the top of the screen, click on Data, then select Weight Cases.
  3. Click on Weight Cases By, click on Count, then click on the arrow next to Frequency Variable to send it over to the Test Variable box.
  4. On the toolbar, click Analyze, then Nonparametric Tests, then Legacy Dialogs, the Chi Square.
  5. Click on Favorite Color, then click on the arrow to send to the Test Variable List window.
  6. Under Expected Values, select Value, then enter the following four values in order: 43, 58, 253, 414.
  7. Click OK and copy and paste the output to your Word document.

Question 2

There are 218 first graders in an elementary school. Of these first graders, 86 are boys, and 132 are girls. School-wide, there are 753 boys and 1063 girls. The principal would like to know if the gender ratio in first grade reflects the gender ratio across the school.

Complete the following:

  1. Identify the null hypothesis.
  2. What are the degrees of freedom (df)?
  3. Complete the table (complete in SPSS and paste the output into your Word document):
    Question 2
    Men Women
    Number Observed Number Expected Number Observed Number Expected
  4. Calculate χ² in SPSS and paste the output into your Word document.
  5. Can you reject the null hypothesis at α = .05?

Question 3

You recently read a magazine article stating that professionals who attended college online tend to earn higher salaries than professionals who attended brick-and-mortar universities. Identify this study’s two variables.

Question 4

Complete the following steps:

  1. Open the SPSS file assessment5b.sav linked in the Resources under the Required Resources heading.
  2. At the top of the screen, click on Data, then select Weight Cases.
  3. Click on Weight Cases By, click on Count, then click on the arrow next to Frequency Variable to send it over to the Test Variable box.
  4. On the toolbar, click Analyze, then Descriptive Statistics, then Crosstabs.
  5. Click on Team Placement, then click on the arrow to send to the Rows window.
  6. Click on Gender, then click on the arrow to send to the Columns window.
  7. Click on the Statistics button, then check the box for Chi-Square. Click Continue.
  8. Click on the Cells button, then check the box for Expected. Click Continue.
  9. Click OK, and copy and paste the output to your Word document.
  10. Highlight the chi-square and significance values in the output. Write the chi-square results as you might see them in a journal.

Question 5

Group A (n = 12) has a mean score of 7.42. Group B (n = 12) has a mean score of 6.00. Standard deviation for scores across all participants is 1.369. Group A’s mean is significantly higher than Group B’s mean ( t = 2.84, α < .01).

  1. Calculate effect size using Cohen’s d and effect size r.
  2. Based on the effect size, it there a practical difference between Groups A and B?

Question 6

Assume Cohen’s d to be approximately .40. If conducting an independent samples t test (two-tail, α= .05), how many participants will you need in each group to achieve 90 percent (.90) power?

Question 7

Assume effect size η to be approximately .29. If conducting a one-way ANOVA (three groups, α = .05), how many participants will you need in each group to achieve 80 percent (.80) power.

Question 8

Which of the following scenarios might be analyzed using a correlation?

  • The effectiveness of training A versus training B in raising skill level.
  • Minutes spent exercising per week and physical fitness level.
  • Income level and the number of visits to a financial planner.
  • Beer brand preference among college students.

Question 9

Indicate if you expect the relationship between the following variables to be negative (-), positive (+), or zero (0):

  • Size of yard and size of landscaping bill.
  • Years of education and income level.
  • Hours of TV watched per week and physical fitness level.
  • Number of siblings and number of pets.
  • Hours spent studying and exam scores.

Question 10

Complete the following steps:

  1. Open the SPSS file assessment5c.sav linked in the Resources under the Required Resources heading.
  2. At the top of the screen, click on Graphs, then select Legacy Dialogs, then Scatter/Dot.
  3. Click on Simple Scatter, and select Define.
  4. Click on Exam 1 (X), then click on the arrow next to X Axis to send it over to the X Axis box.
  5. Click on Exam 2 (Y), then click on the arrow next to Y Axis to send it over to the Y Axis box.
  6. Click OK, then copy and paste the scatterplot output to your Word document.

Question 11

Complete the following:

  1. Open the SPSS file assessment5c.sav.
  2. At the top of the screen, click on Analyze, then select Correlation, then Bivariate.
  3. Click on Exam 1 (X), then click on the arrow to send it over to the Variables box.
  4. Click on Exam 2 (Y), then click on the arrow to send it over to the Variables box.
  5. Click OK, then copy and paste the correlation output to your Word document.

Question 12

Complete the following steps after opening the SPSS file assessment5d.sav linked in the Resources under the Required Resources heading:

  1. Create a scatterplot. Copy and paste the scatterplot output to your Word document.
  2. Based on the scatterplot, what is the expected strength and direction of the correlation?
  3. Identify the null hypothesis.
  4. Calculate Pearson r. Copy and paste the correlation output to your Word document.
  5. Based on the correlation output (two-tailed test), can the null hypothesis be rejected? If the null can be rejected, how confident can you be that the results are not due to chance?
  6. Report the results as you might see them in a journal.

Submission Requirements

  • Submit all answers in one Word document (do not submit multiple files).
  • Show your work for questions that require calculations.
  • Ensure your answer to each problem is clearly visible (you may want to highlight your answer, or use a different font color, to set it apart).

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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You have been tasked to design a counseling group from start to finish. To start this task, select one of the following group types.

  1. Children of divorce
  2. Children of addicts
  3. Adult Survivors of abuse (could be sexual or physical)
  4. Treatment for adults who are addicts
  5. Grief recovery
  6. Teens struggling with gender dysphoria (sexual identity)
  7. Teen support group (parents who are addicts)
  8. Relationship building (homosexual and heterosexual – there does not have to be a division because a group is a group)
  9. Domestic violence group for nonoffenders
  10. Parenting group

Now that you have selected a group type you need to consider the other details of your group as well to include how new members will be selected. When determining which new members to add, it is suggested you follow a screening process to ensure they are a good fit for the group.

Create a 12-15-slide presentation about your group that includes the following:

  1. Group type
  2. Why you chose this type of group
  3. Population serving
  4. Number of sessions
  5. Number of participants
  6. Goals of the counseling group
  7. Theoretical approach(es) to be used in the group
  8. A set of screening questions and criteria that you, as the group leader, will use to choose the members of the group. Begin with demographic questions (name, age, address, presenting issue, etc.) There should be a minimum of 10 screening questions, not including the demographics questions.
  9. Speaker notes on each slide that would represent what you would say if giving this presentation in person.
  10. Use a minimum of three scholarly references in addition to the course textbook to support the findings.

Title slide and reference slide are not included in the slide count. Include speaker notes below each content-related slide that represent what would be said if giving the presentation in person. Expand upon the information included in the slide and do not simply restate it. Please ensure the speaker notes include a minimum of 50 words.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Write a justification for all 3 possibilities in the Heinz Dilemma.  This will require you to take 3 different perspectives on the dilemma, including ones that you may not personally agree with.

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Heinz’s dilemma is a frequently used example in many ethics and morality classes. One well-known version of the dilemma, used in Lawrence Kohlberg‘s stages of moral development, is stated as follows:

A woman was near death from a special kind of cancer. There was one drug that the doctors thought might save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to produce. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug. The sick woman’s husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew to borrow the money, but he could only get together about $1,000 which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let him pay later. But the druggist said: “No, I discovered the drug and I’m going to make money from it.” So Heinz got desperate and broke into the man’s laboratory to steal the drug for his wife.

Should Heinz have broken into the laboratory to steal the drug for his wife? Why or why not?

Heinz dilemma. (2017, August 4 ).  Retrieved  August 4, 2017, fromhttps://mymission.lamission.edu/userdata/beltray/docs/HEINZ%20DILEMMA.doc

Theresa, Jose, and Darnell all have different opinions about the best option in the Heinz dilemma.

Theresa agrees with option 1: Heinz should steal the drug and not go to prison, because this is unfair.

Jose agrees with option 2: Heinz should not steal the drug because he would be breaking the law.

Darnell agrees with option 3: Heinz should steal the drug and accept any prison sentence.

Write a justification for all 3 possibilities in the Heinz Dilemma.  This will require you to take 3 different perspectives on the dilemma, including ones that you may not personally agree with. For each possibility, include these points:

  • Why would a person believe this is the right option?
  • What age do you think this person might be?
  • What kinds of problems and successes is a person with this point of view likely to encounter during their lives?

Requirements:

Present strong arguments for each point of view, using a minimum of 500 words total, and using at least 2 resources to support your arguments. Your references need to relate to concepts learned about Kohlberg and moral development and must be scholarly/academic in nature.  Use of .com websites is not appropriate.

Possible points

Student points

You presented a strong case for all 3 possibilities.

30

You demonstrated an understanding of the complexities of moral reasoning.

30

Your essay was at least 500 words long.

20

You used at least 2 appropriate resources to support your arguments, citing them using APA formatting.

10

Your work was free of spelling and grammar errors.

10

Total

100