Review the Learning Resources related to adolescent behaviors.

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Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and adulthood. During this transition, adolescents develop their own sense of identity independent of their caregivers. Relationships with caregivers, teachers, and peers can have an impact on the types of behaviors in which an adolescent engages. In order to establish their sense of identity, adolescents often have to try out new roles and new experiences associated with more adult behaviors, which can sometimes translate into adolescent risk-taking. The personal fable and imaginary audience can contribute to the willingness to engage in risky behavior. A personal fable is when an individual believes he/she is the only one experiencing a feeling; such as, his/her parents do not understand what they are going through. Adolescents preoccupied in their peer groups sometimes develop imaginary audiences because they believe others are constantly judging them. Culture and gender also influence how the adolescent perceives risk-taking behavior. While risk-taking behavior is predominantly perceived as unwanted dangerous behavior, it is not necessarily so. Sexual expression among adolescents need not result in pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases, just as concerns with physical appearance do not always lead to eating disorders or depression.

For this Discussion, you will examine risk-taking behaviors by adolescents.

To prepare for this Discussion:

  • Review the Learning Resources related to adolescent behaviors.

By Day 4

Post a description of two adolescent risk-taking behaviors. For each behavior, provide two sources of influence. Then, describe general strategies for mitigating negative risk-taking behavior and explain why you selected these strategies. Justify your response with citations from the Learning Resources/literature. Use proper APA format and citations

readings for this week please view some for references:

Berk, L. E. (2014). Development through the lifespan (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Chapter 11, “Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence” (pp. 360–399)
Chapter 12, “Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence” (pp. 400–428)

Baams, L., Dubas, J. S., Overbeek, G., & Van Aken, M. G. (2015). Transitions in body and behavior: A meta-analytic study on the relationship between pubertal development and adolescent sexual behavior. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56(6), 586–598. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.11.019
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Dimler, L. l., & Natsuaki, M. N. (2015). The effects of pubertal timing on externalizing behaviors in adolescence and early adulthood: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Adolescence, 45, 160–170. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.07.021
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Piña-Watson, B., López, B., Ojeda, L., & Rodriguez, K. M. (2015). Cultural and cognitive predictors of academic motivation among Mexican American adolescents: Caution against discounting the impact of cultural processes. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 43(2), 109–121. doi:10.1002/j.2161-1912.2015.00068.x
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Optional Resources

Beal, S. J., & Crockett, L. J. (2010). Adolescents’ occupational and educational aspirations and expectations: Links to high school activities and adult educational attainment. Developmental Psychology, 46(1), 258–265.

Elkind, D. (1967). Egocentrism in adolescence. Child Development, 38(4), 1025–1034.

Thomas, A. A., Monahan, K. M., Lukowski, A. A., & Cauffman, E. C. (2015). Sleep problems across development: A pathway to adolescent risk taking through working memory. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(2), 447–464. doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0179-7

What are the degrees of freedom for 1) gender, 2) marital status, 3) interaction between gender and marital status, and 4) error or within variance?

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Assignment 2: Analyzing with ANOVA

Submit your answers to the following questions using the ANOVA source table below. The table depicts a two-way ANOVA in which gender has two groups (male and female), marital status has three groups (married, single never married, divorced), and the means refer to happiness scores (n = 100):

  1. What are the independent variables and their levels? What is the dependent variable?
  2. State all null hypotheses associated with independent variables and their interaction? Also suggest alternate hypotheses?
  3. What are the degrees of freedom for 1) gender, 2) marital status, 3) interaction between gender and marital status, and 4) error or within variance?
  4. Calculate the mean square for 1) gender, 2) marital status, 3) interaction between gender and marital status, and 4) error or within variance.
  5. Calculate the F ratio for 1) gender, 2) marital status, and 3) interaction between gender and marital status.
  6. Identify the critical Fs at alpha = .05 for 1) gender, 2) marital status, and 3) interaction between gender and marital status.
  7. If alpha is set at .05, what conclusions can you make?

SourceSum of Squares(degrees of freedom [df])Mean SquareFobt.Fcrit.Gender68.15????Marital Status127.37????Gender * Marital Status (A x B)41.90????Error (Within)864.82??NANATotal1102.2499NANANA

Please Note: The table that you see in the assignment has been slightly modified from the one presented in the module notes since it is beyond the scope of this unit to have students calculate p values. Instead you are asked to calculate the F value and compare it to the critical F value to determine whether the test is significant or not.

By the due date assigned, deliver your assignment to the Submissions Area.

Write a conclusion that summarize the main points of your paper. Then, interpret the research you read as a whole. Possible things to consider in your conclusion: What main themes emerged? What

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(please retain and use the 4 articles being referenced for intext and reference citations along with any of your own scholorly references)

The purpose of this assignment is to COMPLETE a paper that will:

  1. Identify the biological basis of a disease or disorder of the nervous system >>>>>(Bell’s palsy) <<<<
  2. Summarize current research to better understand the role of the nervous system in the disease/disorder

The final paper should showcase your best work in synthesizing and applying information about the biological basis of behavior, as well as your writing skills. An example paper from a former student is available to provide a strong example of this assignment (see the attachment below). 

Please complete the following this week:

  1. After re-reading your research summaries and feedback, write an introduction to your final paper that will introduce your reader to research the topic, and preview the types of research summaries you will include. You may also want to use additional sources to cite important statistics about the disease/disorder or describe important symptoms or treatments that may be relevant.
  2. Revise your research summaries by re-reading to correct any confusing sections typos, mistakes or omissions. Integrate any feedback you received. (don’t worry I got %100 on my summaries),  Add transition sentences to guide your reader through the summaries.
  3. Write a conclusion that summarize the main points of your paper. Then, interpret the research you read as a whole. Possible things to consider in your conclusion: What main themes emerged? What differences/discrepancies/controversies emerged? What gaps still exist in the research (what is still unknown about the biological basis)? What new discoveries have been made?
  4. After you have completed your paper, write an abstract. The abstract should be a mini-preview of the upcoming paper. A basic format for an abstract could include a sentence (or two) introducing the topic, a sentence summarizing the kinds of research the reader will encounter in your paper, and a sentence (or two) about the conclusion of the paper. (You’ll want to have your paper fairly complete before writing your abstract. Once the paper is complete or close to complete, it will be a lot easier to pull out these key pieces of information and assemble the abstract.)
  5. Use APA format for your writing. This assignment should be approximately 6 pages long (not including a cover page and references page) in APA format (12 point font, double-spaced, 1″ margins). Additional information about APA format is available HERE. An MSWord document that is pre-formatted to APA format is available for you to use (see the attachment below).  Please use this template to help ensure that most elements of APA format will be already included in your assignment, making it a lot easier to produce a high-quality, professionally formatted assignment. 🙂

YOU ARE ESSENTIALLY WRITING AN ABSTRACT, INTRODUCTION & CONCLUSION with filler information to make up the extra pages. There are 4 full page summaries already. SO you just need 2 more full pages including the abstract page.

>> Review attachments being with “Sem assignment one”<<

Review and respond to the following three case studies within the context of the codes of ethics.

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Description of Assignments 1. PYCL 515 Assignment #1 – Observation, Discussion, and Reflection on Ethical Issues: Code of Ethics and Case Studies (FPEC 5.8, 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5; InTASC 9e.p, 9f.p, 9j.k, 9m.d, 9o.d; CAEP Unit Standard 1g; SSPEM Domain E; and FEAP b.6.2.b, b.6.2.c, b.6.2.d) (10 points) In this assignment, you will research and become familiar with codes of ethics that guide your work as an educator. To complete the assignment, you will determine the appropriate and legal courses of action in response to three case studies.  1. To begin this assignment, read the following 3 Codes of Ethics’ documents from the specified associations/organizations below. Summarize the main legal and ethical components from each of the codes in a brief, but informative narrative that includes a discussion of the following focal questions (FPEC 6.1, 6.2/InTASC 9f.p, 9j.k, 9o.d): • Who or what is the educator’s/school counselor’s primary concern? • How can the school counselor strive to achieve and sustain the highest degree of ethical conduct? • What are the types of behaviors (e.g., bullying, child abuse, etc.) that the school counselor should report to administration? • What are the reasons for suspension of a professional? a. National – National Education Association: NEA: Code of Ethics of the Education Profession http://www.nea.org/home/30442.htm b. State (choose one): Florida’s Code of Ethics and Principles of Professional Conduct http://www.fldoe.org/teaching/professional-practices/code-of-ethics-principles-ofprofessio.stml Florida’s Office of Professional Practices FAQ for Educators – Florida DOE Process for Florida – Office of Professional Practices FAQ for Educators – Florida DOE Process for Responding to Disciplinary Action http://www.fldoe.org/edstandards/FAQ.asp c. Professional Code of Ethics: 9 American School Counselor Association’s Ethical Standards for School Counselors https://www.schoolcounselor.org/school-counselors-members/legal-ethical Make sure that you reference specific codes from EACH of the three codes of ethics (national, state, and ASCA in all your answers). 2. Review and respond to the following three case studies within the context of the codes of ethics. Your responses to each case study must cite within your text and reference at the end of your work the articles provided in the links below the 3 codes of ethics. Your responses must be thorough and of high quality. You will be expected to describe an appropriate plan of action to correct the behavior described in the case study and provide additional plans of action based on the codes of ethics as well as the articles read. This paper is expected to be 8-10 pages in length (excluding title page) following APA style. There are five sections to the paper (see below for details): (1) Summary of Codes of Ethics (1-2) (2) Case study review (2-3 pages) (3) Reflection of each case study to your school responsibilities (2-3 pages) (4) Additional Resources (1-2 pages) (5) Consequences (1-2 pages) 1. Case Study Review Case Study 1 (FPEC 6.1, 6.3/InTASC 9f.p, 9j.k, 9o.d): You are a new elementary school counselor and notice that one of your students consistently comes to school in the morning with dirty clothes, body odor, and suspicious bruises on his arms. According to the codes of ethic and district faculty policies, what should be your plan of action for addressing this issue? Florida Department of Education, Office of Professional Practices Reporting Misconduct and Abuse http://www.fldoe.org/edstandards/poster.asp The 2012 Florida Statutes K-20 Education Code, Chapter 1006 , Support For Learning 1006.061 Child abuse, abandonment, and neglect policy. § 1006.061, Florida Statutes – Child abuse, abandonment, and neglect policy The 2012 Florida Statutes Chapter 39, Proceedings Relating to Children 39.201 Mandatory reports of child abuse, abandonment, or neglect; mandatory reports of death; central abuse hotline (Mandated Reporters of child abuse as defined by Florida Statute 39.201) http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search _String=&URL=0000-0099/0039/Sections/0039.201.html ASCA School Counselor Magazine Article, Nov/Dec 2011, Child Abuse: Who Must Report? https://www.schoolcounselor.org/magazine/blogs/novemberdecember-2011/child-abuse-who-must-report Legal and Ethical FAQs 10 https://www.schoolcounselor.org/school-counselors-members/legal-ethical/legalethical-faq Case Study 2 (FPEC 6.1, 6.5/InTASC 9f.p, 9j.k, 9o.d): You have decided to create a Facebook page for your high school counseling program to communicate important information about application deadlines, college visits, and other crucial counseling-related information. i. What are some safeguards you should take into consideration to ensure appropriate use of this Facebook page? ii. What should you do if a student or a parent requests you as a friend on your personal, private Facebook page? How can you increase privacy settings so parents and students do not see your personal Facebook account information? iii. What should you do if you come across a student being bullied on Facebook? Social Media for School Counselors: National Association for College Admission Counseling Found in Canvas Assignment Folder Broward County, Florida Policy 5306 – School and Technology Usage http://www.broward.k12.fl.us/sbbcpolicies/docs/P5306,000.pdf Miami Dade County, Florida Policy 7540.01 – Staff Network & Internet Acceptable Use & Safety http://www.dadeschools.net/technology/Acceptable_Use_Policy.htm Palm Beach County, Florida Policy 3.29 – Acceptable Use of Technology by Employees http://www.boarddocs.com/fl/palmbeach/Board.nsf/goto?open&id=AA5LDZ53D BF5 Case Study 3 (FPEC 6.1, 6.5/InTASC 9f.p, 9j.k, 9o.d): As a new middle school counselor, you have taken over a small group counseling unit for girls who have difficulties getting along with their female peers and engage in bullying behaviors. Most of the students have low grade point averages, so one of the goals of the group is to raise their academic standing so they can be promoted to the next grade. i. The principal tells you that previous school counselor gave a weekly report on the students’ issues in the group. You are aware that this could create problems with confidentiality and trust. What is your professional plan of action in this situation? ii) One of the parents of the students in the group wants to know what kinds of things her daughter has been telling you in the group. What should you do? Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act https://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html ASCA School Counselor Magazine Article, Sept/Oct 2009, Confidentiality vs. Principal Relationships  11 https://www.schoolcounselor.org/magazine/blogs/september-october2009/confidentiality-vs-principal-relationships Broward County, Florida https://www.browardschools.com/cms/lib/FL01803656/Centricity/domain/13784/p rivacy/FERPA-Notice-2017-18.pdf Student Records: Confidentiality and Family Educational Rights http://www.broward.k12.fl.us/sbbcpolicies/docs/P5100.1.000.pdf Palm Beach County, Florida Policy 5.50 – Student Records http://www.boarddocs.com/fl/palmbeach/Board.nsf/goto?open&id=ALJKV252F341 2. Reflect on the application of each case study to your school responsibilities. What must you do to avoid these types of professional and ethical conflicts in the future? (InTASC 9e.p, 9i.k, 9m.d) 3. Identify and describe three additional resources to use by school counselors who wish to avoid professional and ethical conflicts (InTASC 9e.p, 9i.k, 9m.d). Do not use any of the same articles listed above, and do not use your textbook. These can be professional websites, ethical resources from ASCA, or professional books/articles. 4. Based on your analysis of the information found on the FL DOE website (http://www.fldoe.org/edstandards/FAQ.asp), describe the consequences of teachers’ and school counselors’ unethical practices (FPEC 6.2/InTASC 9o.d).