Discuss how some authors have critically established that objectivity, certainty (or “absolute truth”) and individualistic knowledge are simplified and problematic conceptions regarding the production of scientific and casual knowledge.  Take into consideration why this discussion is important in the realm of Psychology and how it opens up new and complex ways of understanding human actions.

 

When elaborating your essay take into account the following:

1)There’s three (3) conceptions that need to be critically examined (objectivity, certainty and individualistic knowledge), BUT you can decide to focus on one more than the others (since, as you will notice, the three are inter-related).

2)When discussing the case of Psychology, which is mostly discussed in Glasersfeld’s and Gergen’s text, try to elaborate at least one example (either inspired by the texts or one of

the many that appear in said texts) that show the importance of constructivism (or knowledge as a construction), subjectivity, language-games or, among other things, a psychology that takes into consideration the diversity of human experience.

3)You have to make use of at least three (3) of the assigned texts.

PartI. Use the traditional and modern squares of opposition to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name the fallacy that is committed.
1. All teenage smokers are persons who jeopardize their health. Therefore, some teenage smokers are persons who jeopardize their health.
2. No werewolves are creatures that lurk around in the daytime. Therefore, some werewolves are not creatures that lurk around in the daytime.
3. It is false that some cities in Japan are high crime areas. Therefore, some cities in Japan are not high crime areas.
4. All current residents of Atlantis are people with gills. Therefore, it is false that some current residents of Atlantis are not people with gills.
5. Some Miami policemen are not officers involved in drug trafficking. Therefore, no Miami policemen are officers involved in drug trafficking.
6. It is false that all opponent of school prayer are people who object to a moment of silence. Therefore, no opponents of school prayer are people who object of a moment of silence.
7. No palm trees indigenous to the Arctic are natural habitats for rodents. Therefore, it is false that all palm trees indigenous to the Arctic are natural habitats for rodents.
8. No vampires are avid connoisseurs of garlic bread. Therefore, it is false that some vampires are avid connoisseurs of garlic bread.
9. It is false that some juvenile killers are not criminals who deserve to be tried as adults. Therefore, it is false that no juvenile killers are criminals who deserve to be tried as adults.
10. It is false that some lung cancer vaccines are readily obtainable inoculations. Therefore, some lung cancer vaccines are not readily obtainable inoculations

 

 

All assigned texts are attached (all relatively short)

Complete this assignment using the template that is uploaded below.

Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:

I. Literature Review: In this part of the assessment, you will analyze research for how the field of developmental psychology has changed over time for your chosen track. A. Summarize the claims made by the authors of the foundational research presented in your chosen track regarding how humans develop over their life span. B. Summarize the claims made by the authors of the foundational research presented in your chosen track regarding physical, social, and environmental factors that influence development. C. Explain how the view of the human life span has evolved over the history of developmental psychology. Support your response with examples from the literature. D. Explain the conclusions you can reach about collective research in developmental psychology. Support your response with examples from the literature. E. Describe the specific research designs used in the foundational research presented in your chosen track to address research questions. F. Explain how research designs were used by authors to conduct research in developmental psychology. G. Describe how issues of ethics have been addressed in the foundational research presented in your chosen track. H. Describe how issues of ethics in developmental psychology have been viewed historically.

II. Research Design: In this part of the assessment, you will identify a research gap in the articles you have reviewed for your chosen track and develop a research question that addresses that gap. You will then determine an appropriate research design and how you will account for issues of ethics. A. Identify a gap in the developmental psychology research presented in your chosen track. B. Develop a basic research question addressing the identified gap. C. Determine an appropriate research design that addresses your research question regarding developmental psychology, and explain why it was chosen. D. Explain how you will account for issues of ethics associated with your proposed research design. E. Explain how your approach to accounting for issues of ethics was informed by your review of the research presented in your chosen track.

III. Conclusions: In this part of the assessment, you will articulate your final thoughts around your literature review and research design. A. Explain why you believe the identified gap in the research should be explored in future research. B. Explain how the claims made by the authors of the studies presented in your chosen track would logically inform future research into your identified gap. C. Explain the benefit of the research you have proposed to the field of psychology.