Explain how the individual’s ideas adhere to empiricism, rationalism, dualism, determinism, double-aspectism, occasionalism, romanticism, pre-established harmony, mentalism,

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Directions Assignment 1

· Post your first response to the prompts by Wednesday Midnight CST.

· Participate in the conversation by responding to at least two of your peers’ postings by Sunday Midnight.

Chapter 9 & 10 Prompts

The period from the midpoint of the 18th through the early years of the 20th century brought philosophical thought into modern philosophy, as well as the birth of psychology as discipline and science with the establishment of Wundt’s scientific laboratory in 1879. Primary philosophical debates center on the nature-nurture problem. The nature-nurture question revolves around the source of knowledge in innate, biological factors or in learned, experiential factors. The issue still remains in modern psychology today. The turn of the 20th century brought the rise of distinctly American philosophical/psychological systems of thought and the final separation of European from American style psychology.

· Identify one modern philosopher, scientist, or psychologist from this unit’s assigned readings.

· Analyze and summarize the individuals’ major contributions to scientific, philosophical, or psychological thought.

· Explain how the individual’s ideas adhere to empiricism, rationalism, dualism, determinism, double-aspectism, occasionalism, romanticism, pre-established harmony, mentalism, idealism, sensationalism, Utilitarianism, social science, positivism, psychophysical parallelism, voluntarism, phenomenalism, positivism, structuralism, or functionalism philosophical system of thought. Discuss how the selected system relates to the nature-nurture problem.

Directions Assignment 2

Each student will locate and read a peer-reviewed journal article found in the online that relates to the chapters and published within the past five years that relates to the main points found in this unit’s assigned chapters.
Each student will summarize the article and provide the URL link to where it is located; identify any relationship between the research article and the main points of the assigned chapters; and discuss how it relates to any main point(s) in this unit’s assigned chapters. Article abstracts are not sufficient for analysis of relationships between the article and the assigned readings historical ideas main points. You must read the entire article to come to your conclusions.

Due Date

Post your display of the table or figure you created and provide an explanation of why this would be the best way to display the data provided.

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Imagine you are walking into a cave and traveling further and further inward, where no light can reach the inner most spaces. Suddenly, light illuminates your path and you begin to see a series of rooms, natural springs, and a variety of cave paintings on the walls and ceilings. As you observe the paintings, you realize the story told by people from years past, depicting a way of life through a visual display of images.

Even long ago, visual displays were used to communicate thoughts and ideas to others. Sometimes, just as in the visual displays on cave walls, pictures are the best way to tell a “story” where narrative words may not be sufficient. It still remains true today that “graphics are one of the most important aspects of data analysis because they allow us to visualize the data and the patterns in the data” (Dietz & Kalof, 2009, p. 66). Such is the case in statistics, where displaying data is critical.

In this week, you will examine the different ways to display data and understand why visually presenting data can illustrate the “story” of the data. You also will begin to create your own visual displays of data to further your knowledge and skill set.

 

Discussion: Displaying Data

Visual displays of data provide you and anyone else with a graphical display of what is often a complex array of quantitative data. A key strength of visualization is the ability to quickly enlighten you with key data. Rather than solely relying on your audience to interpret numerical values and statistics explained in a narrative, a visual display can easily illustrate descriptions, relationships, and trends. Although the focus is on simplicity, the researcher has an obligation to present these graphical displays in a clear and meaningful way.

For this Discussion, you will explore ways to appropriately display data.

To prepare for this Discussion:

  • Review the      Learning Resources for this week related to frequency distributions and      graphic displays of data.
  • Using the      SPSS software, open the General Social Survey dataset found in this week’s      Learning Resources.
  • Next,      create a figure or table from a few selected variables within the dataset.
  • Finally,      think about what is good about how the data are displayed in the figure or      table you created and what is not so good.
By Day 3

Post your display of the table or figure you created and provide an explanation of why this would be the best way to display the data provided.

Be sure to support your Main Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style.

Frankfort-Nachmias, C., & Leon-Guerrero, A. (2018). Social statistics for a diverse society (8th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 2, “The Organization and Graphic Presentation Data” (pp. 23-62)

Wagner, W. E. (2016). Using IBM® SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 5, “Charts and Graphs”

Wagner, W. E. (2016). Using IBM® SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 11, “Editing Output”

Walden University Writing Center. (n.d.). General guidance on data displays. Retrieved from http://waldenwritingcenter.blogspot.com/2013/02/general-guidance-on-data-displays.html

Use this website to guide you as you provide appropriate APA formatting and citations for data displays.

Datasets

Document: Data Set 2014 General Social Survey (dataset file)

Use this dataset to complete this week’s Discussion.

Note: You will need the SPSS software to open this dataset.

Document: Data Set Afrobarometer (dataset file)

Use this dataset to complete this week’s Assignment.

Note: You will need the SPSS software to open this dataset.

Document: High School Longitudinal Study 2009 Dataset (dataset file)

Use this dataset to complete this week’s Assignment.

Note: You will need the SPSS software to open this dataset.

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2016j). Visual displays of data [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Discussion:

Describe the types of problems, the client needs, and the underlying causes of problems and unmet needs.

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In social work practice and in program development, it is possible to make faulty assumptions about what clients need and what social work activities will lead to. Consider the following:

A team of social workers meets to discuss their services to low-income young mothers. One social worker states that what the young mothers need most is information about community resources. She proposes that the social workers’ activities consist of making referrals to programs for public assistance for income support, food stamps, medical insurance, employment agencies, and educational resources. However, another team member points out that most clients are referred to their program from the public welfare office and health care programs. This suggests that the clients tend to possess knowledge of these common resources and have been able to access them.

How might the team explore what problems bring the clients to their agency? What might the team learn from client assessments? How can the team verify the desired outcomes of their services? Developing a logic model will help the team see a logical connection between problems, needs, intervention activities, and corresponding outcomes. This series of logical connections leads to formulating a theory of change, that is, a theory about how our work leads to the outcomes for clients.

To prepare for this Discussion, imagine that you are part of a work group charged with creating a logic model and generating a theory of change. Select a practitioner-level intervention for which you are interested in analyzing connections. Consider how a logic model might be applied to that practice.

Post(2 to 3 pages) a logic model and theory of change for a practitioner-level intervention. Describe the types of problems, the client needs, and the underlying causes of problems and unmet needs. Identify the short- and long-term outcomes that you think would represent an improved condition. Then describe interventions that would lead to a change in the presenting conditions. Be sure to search for and cite resources that inform your views.

 

Required Readings

Dudley, J. R. (2014). Social work evaluation: Enhancing what we do. (2nd ed.) Chicago, IL: Lyceum Books.
Chapter 6, “Needs Assessments” (pp. 107–142)

Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen S. (Eds.). (2014a). Sessions: Case histories. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader].
Read the following section:
“The Petrakis Family”

Document: Randolph, K. A. (2010). Logic models. In B. Thyer (Ed.), The handbook of social work research methods (2nd ed., pp. 547–562). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. (PDF)
Copyright 2010 by Sage Publications, Inc.
Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Inc. via the Copyright Clearance Center.

United Way of America. (1996). Excerpts from Measuring program outcomes: A practical approach. Retrieved from http://web.archive.org/web/20130514153340/http://www.unitedwayslo.org/ComImpacFund/10/Excerpts_Outcomes.pdf

Document: Week 7: Developing A Logic Model Outline Assignment Handout (Word document)

Explain how the guidelines you developed for the professional will help guide you in your future work as a professional.

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For this assessment, you will choose a case study and analyze the cultural implications of the situation described. In Assessment 2, you will analyze ethical aspects of the same case. In Assessment 3, you will record a presentation to communicate your research and plan for this case.

Preparation

Complete the following Capella multimedia presentation and select which case you wish to analyze.

  • Case Studies.

Use the following resource to identify and address some of the cultural concerns in the case you select.

  • Introduction to Hays’s ADDRESSING Model [PDF].​
    • Hays’s ADDRESSING model includes 10 major factors of cultural difference that are most common in the United States. This model is very helpful for recognizing cultural differences and potential bias.

Think of this assessment as a report you would make in a professional context.

  • Analyze how the problem described in the case study you selected may unfairly impact members of the populations described in the Introduction to Hays’s ADDRESSING Model document. Initially, you should brainstorm as many such effects as possible that relate to the case you selected.
  • When you have developed many entries, combine ideas that are similar.
  • Assess each of your remaining entries in terms of importance:
    • In what ways is it inequitable?
    • How great or severe is the effect?
    • How many people may be affected?
  • Take care that you do not allow your own biases to minimize your assessments.
  • Choose the entry that seems to be of greatest importance on the basis of your evaluation, and elaborate on that aspect for your selected case.
Instructions

Write a 6–8 page paper in which you examine three main areas as they relate to the specific case you have selected:

  • Theory: Application of theory to the specific case.
  • Research: Understanding of research methods and application of findings.
  • Cultural Competence:Knowledge and application of cultural competency skills.
Theory
  1. Select a minimum of two theories that are relevant to the case you chose. The theories should help explain concerns for the client, such as developmental or contextual issues. Analyze how those psychological theories point toward potential solutions for a problem.
    • Of the theories you select, make sure at least one provides a framework for understanding the cultural issues between the individuals in the case.
  2. Explain how these theories help us to understand the individual client or patient in the case and how they can direct the professionals in the case to a potential solution.
    • Note that theory can help us understand where the individual (client or patient) is in her development. For example, psychosocial theory would help explain individual development, or ecological systems theory would help explain the impact of environmental interaction on the individual.
Research
  1. Select two original research studies that help us understand the situation in the case you selected and potentially lead to interventions in the case.
    • Cite the research studies, using APA style.
  2. Explain the research design and methods used in the research studies. What type of research was conducted, who was studied, and how?
  3. Describe the researchers’ findings.
  4. Next, explain how the findings in the studies relate to the case you selected. How do these findings help us formulate a potential solution or intervention in the case?
Cultural Competence
  1. Use a model of cultural competency to explain the competencies needed for working in a culturally diverse environment.
  2. Apply those cultural competencies to assist the professional in your case to help resolve a particular culture-related issue.
  3. Construct a plan to develop your own professional cultural sensitivity. For this section you may write in first person.
    • Explain how the guidelines you developed for the professional will help guide you in your future work as a professional.
    • Discuss some steps you could take to further your own growth in cultural competencies.

CASE STUDY BELOW FOR ASSIGNMENTS

Hannah Kennard, High school counselor

Adara Watson, High school student

Hannah and Adara

Hannah, a 36-year old African American woman, moved to Riverbend City ten years ago. She loves her work as a school counselor and, although she does not have children of her own, she says that “children are my life.” The principal and teachers at Cargill Academy appreciate her hard work with the students. She often puts in long hours.

Hannah is working with Adara, a 15-year old Muslim-American. Her parents immigrated to Detroit, Michigan from Iraq in 1999. She and her siblings were born and grew up in Dearborn, a suburb of Detroit. They moved to Riverbend City when Adara was 11 years old.

Adara is feeling depressed but isn’t sure why. Lately she has been wishing she wasn’t alive. She decided to talk to Hannah.

She talks about feeling “different” from others in school. She has friends at school, with whom she spends some time outside of school; however, she is acutely aware that she is the only Muslim-American among all the people she knows. She is the only person to wear a headscarf that her parents require her to wear, following their cultural and religious traditions. She often feels other kids staring at her, and sometimes they make rude comments. She has been bullied on social media, with other kids accusing her of being a “terrorist.”

She has enjoyed her conversations with Hannah and feels better after she leaves her office. Hannah has encouraged her to talk with her parents about seeing a therapist. Adara has resisted, and says her parents will not support her seeing a therapist.

During their last visit, Adara told Hannah that she wishes she was dead. Hannah called her parents to let them know. Now Adara is angry with Hannah and feels her trust has been violated. She says, “My counselor told my mother about everything. Now I feel like I can’t trust her. Doesn’t she have to keep what I say to herself?”

Consider the individual, family, societal, cultural, and ethical issues that Hannah must think about as she interacts with Adara and her parents.