You will write an 8–10-page paper in current APA style—submitted through SafeAssign—summarizing an aspect of a selected psychophysiological topic from the textbook.

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The Research Paper is the capstone assignment for this course and is to be a written representative of the research conducted on the psychophysiological aspects of an issue chosen from the textbook. Using the services of Liberty University’s Online Library, you will select and read at least 5 recent journal articles on the chosen issue. You will then summarize your findings in an 8–10-page paper, written in current APA style, and submitted through SafeAssign. This assignment is separated into 2 parts: the Title Page, Abstract, and References submission, and the completed Research Paper submission.

1. Title Page, Abstract, and References

It is important for you to use the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association as you format your paper. The Title Page is to reflect the formatting of the current APA manual with a running head and page number. The Abstract is to consist of pertinent information regarding the paper and must not exceed the number of words outlined by the current APA manual. The references must be journal articles that are found in the APA PsycNET database found on the research portal of Liberty University’s Online Library. This portal can be accessed via the web by all Liberty University students. The Title Page, Abstract, and References submission must reflect proper and current APA formatting.

The Title Page, Abstract, and References are due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of Module/Week 3.

2. Research Paper

You will write an 8–10-page paper in current APA style—submitted through SafeAssign—summarizing an aspect of a selected psychophysiological topic from the textbook. The final paper must include the pages turned in for the first step with the corrections given from the instructor made, or the feedback given from the instructor followed. You are encouraged to use APA headings in the body of the paper. The headings outline the paper for the reader and are encouraged but not required. The 8–10 pages include the abstract, the body, and the conclusion. The title and references pages are not included in the total page number requirement.

Debate the pros and cons of the potential use of other assessments. Explain any ethical implications that may arise from the interpretation of this data.

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Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapter 11 in the text, the articles by Baez (2013), Hogan, Barrett, and Hogan (2007), Morgeson, Campion, and Dipboye (2007), Peterson, Griffith, Isaacson, O’Connell, and Mangos (2011), and the Maximizing Human Potential Within Organizations (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., Building Better Organizations (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., and Top Minds and Bottom Lines (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. brochures on the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) website.

Evaluate the MMP1-2-RF Police Candidate Interpretive Reports for Mr. C (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. and Ms. D. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. For this discussion, you will take on the role of an industrial-organizational psychologist recently awarded a contract to evaluate potential police candidates. The purpose of the evaluations is to determine the psychological capability of the applicants to be certified as police officers in your state. The applicants you are examining are applying for certification and will be vested with a position of public trust. If certified as police officers, the individuals will likely be required at some future time to exercise significant physical strength and undergo high emotional stress. As the examining psychologist, you are required to comment on the applicants’ social comprehension, judgment, impulse control, potential for violence, and/or any psychological traits that might render her or him psychologically at risk to be certified. The state requires that each applicant’s examination include the following elements:

Interview and History: The psychologist must personally interview the applicant and provide a summary of the applicant’s personal, educational, employment, and criminal history.

Required Personality Test: The applicant shall be administered any current standard form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) by the licensed psychologist who interviewed the individual, or by a paraprofessional employed by and under the direct control and supervision of that licensed psychologist.

Other Testing Methods: If (after conducting the required test) the licensed psychologist is unable to certify the applicant’s psychological capability or risk to exercise appropriate judgment and restraint to be certified as a police officer, the psychologist is directed to personally employ whatever other psychological measuring instrument(s) and/or technique(s) deemed necessary to form her or his professional opinion. The use of any such instrument(s) and/or technique(s) requires a full and complete written explanation to the commission.

For the purposes of this discussion, assume the interview and history information reported to you by Mr. C. and Ms. D. is unremarkable and that neither candidate communicated anything to you during the interview that raised concerns about her or his capabilities to exercise appropriate judgment and restraint to be certified as a police officer. Review the MMP1-2-RF Police Candidate Interpretive Reports for Mr. C. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. and Ms. D. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. and evaluate the professional interpretation of this testing and assessment data from an ethical perspective.

In your initial post, communicate your conclusions about Mr. C. and Ms. D., either recommending certification or communicating reservations. After you have made your decision, begin the section on each candidate with one of the following statements, identifying each candidate by name.

To recommend certification: I have examined [insert applicant’s name], and it is my professional opinion that this person is psychologically capable of exercising appropriate judgment and restraint to be certified as a police officer.
Follow the above statement with a one-paragraph rationale for your conclusion based on the available test results.

Follow the rationale with a brief comparison of any additional assessment instruments you might consider administering beyond the MMPI-2-RF. Debate the pros and cons of the potential use of other assessments. Explain any ethical implications that may arise from the interpretation of this data.

To communicate reservations: I have examined [insert applicant’s name], and it is my professional opinion that this person is psychologically at risk for exercising appropriate judgment and restraint to be certified as a police officer.
Follow the statement with a one-paragraph rationale for your conclusion based on the available test results.

Follow the rationale with a brief comparison of any additional assessment instruments you recommend administering beyond the MMPI-2-RF. Debate the pros and cons of using other assessments. Explain any ethical implications that may arise from the interpretation of this data.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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View the resource “PSY 452 Research Report Assignment Instructions” for successful completion of this assignment.

 

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

 

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

 

This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competencies: 2.1: Apply research design principles to investigate psychological hypotheses and 2.4: Interpret psychological phenomena using sound scientific reasoning.

 

In 7-10 slides, not including the title and reference slide, outline your research proposal to present to your classmates. Your PowerPoint will need to include:

  1. Introductory section: Including your problem statement and your hypothesis.
  2. Methodology section: Including your description of the participants, apparatus/materials/instruments, procedure, and design you anticipate using.
  3. Reference slide with APA-formatted reference entries.

Be prepared to present your proposal information to your colleagues.You may have heard the brain teaser, sometimes a favorite among philosophers, “If a tree falls in the forest, and there is no one (and no animal) there to hear it, was there a sound?”

Your task in this conference topic is to answer this question after having read the lecture on General Principles of Sensory Systems, giving support for your answer based upon what you have learned about the nature of sound, about sensory processes, and about the role of brain systems in sensation and perception. 5-10 well organized sentences should suffice (you must read my lectures in this week’s Discussion in order to understand the correct answer to this question; “common sense” won’t work here because it is wrong). Read and respond to at least two of the responses posted by your classmates.

CAUTION: Be sure to consult the lectures in this conference (and the textbook) to help guide the formulation of your answer.

How can your own preconceived ideas about complementary and alternative therapies affect the options that you suggest to a client? 

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Please no plagiarism and make sure you are able to access all resources on your own before you bid. You need to have scholarly support for any claim of fact or recommendation regarding treatment. Grammar, Writing, and APA Format: I expect you to write professionally, which means APA format, complete sentences, proper paragraphs, and well-organized and well-documented presentation of ideas. Remember to use scholarly research from peer-reviewed articles that is current. Sources such as Wikipedia, Ask.com, PsychCentral, and similar sites are never acceptable. Each classmate’s post is listed so please respond separately.

Read your classmates’ postings. Respond to your classmates’ postings.

  • Respond to all colleagues by discussing the      elements of the mini script that you liked, and why. What might you add or      have said differently?

1. Classmate (S.G-C)

The terms complementary and alternative have been interchanged when discussing use of non-mainstream therapies with traditional medicines. However, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) (2018), shows us how incorrect we are when discussing theses options with clients. Complementary means to add non-traditional/mainstream treatments, such as vitamins, yoga, massage, or even meditation, acupuncture, or chiropractic to traditional medications/treatments to treat a client’s complex issues. Alternative means to do the forementioned non-traditional/mainstream treatments in place of traditional medicines/treatments.

Complementary/Alternative Therapies: How Preconceived Ideas Affect Options Given to Client

As a counselor, if I only treat clients with traditional methods and medicines and do not believe that non-traditional methods (such as those mentioned above) have a place in counseling or that they are “hogwash” then I am not a professionally responsible counselor according the ACA (2014).  Further, it limits the level of care that can be given to the client as well as the amount of success in treatment outcomes.

Importance of Counselors Being Well Informed About Alternative Treatments

When a counselor is ill-informed or oblivious to treatment options available, we are doing a disservice to the client and creating potential harm. According to the ACA’s code of ethics (2014) counselors avoid bringing harm to clients as well as maintain competence in skills by utilizing continuing education opportunities to stay abreast of the latest and most evidence-based practices. A counselor that is well-informed and knowledgeable about complementary and alternative treatments have many options to present to clients that either have had trouble tolerating traditional treatments, do not wish to take traditional medicines, or need a something more than traditional methods can offer (NCCIH, 2018). The key is to know your client and know the research and present the best options for your client, instead of overwhelming them with twenty different choices that can leave them frustrated and confused.

See ACA, 2014 sections:

A.4.a. Avoiding Harm

Counselors act to avoid harming their clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable or unanticipated harm.

C.2.f. Continuing Education

Counselors recognize the need for continuing education to acquire and maintain a reasonable level of awareness of current scientific and professional information in their fields of activity. Counselors maintain their competence in the skills they use, are open to new procedures, and remain informed regarding best practices for working with diverse populations.

Expanding Awareness of Alternative Therapies

Expanding awareness of complementary and alternative therapies through continuing education and personal research to learn more about the latest treatment options, clients will get an exceptional level of care that will promote their mental well-being as well as their physical well-being. By joining professional associations such and the ACA and other reputable psychotherapy associations, counselors can be kept well-informed of the latest technology, research, treatments, and therapies that continue to evolve yearly.

Reference

American Counseling Association. (2014). 2014 ACA code of ethics. https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/2014-code-of-ethics-finaladdress.pdf

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) (2018). Complementary, alternative or integrative health: What’s in a name? Retrieved from https://nccih.nih.gov/health/integrative-health

2. Classmate (T. Dav)

How can your own preconceived ideas about complementary and alternative therapies affect the options that you suggest to a client? 

Bias can be bad for any business but as a counselor we have to always have to be unbiased. We have to keep our own opinions and ideas to our self. I know that I don’t believe  in taking medications but would never push my views on medication use to my clients. I believe that each individual has their own views on the use of medication and if my client has a positive experience with medication use I will not try to persuade them not to use. I think that under certain circumstances medication use with certain diagnosis is required.

How important is it that counselors be well informed about alternative treatments? 

I think that in order for a counselor to be able to effectively work with clients they have to be knowledgeable about the different alternatives that a client may need. Often times counselors may see clients who may be concerned about the side effects of a medication and it will be up to the counselor to be able to discuss the medication with the client. The counselor would also need to be able to discuss side effects and or any other information that the client would like to know about the medication.

How can you expand your awareness of alternative therapies? 

I will utilize the information that I have learned from my studies along with doing additional research on my own to gain knowledge of alternative therapies. I also plan to take additional classes to stay up to date with different therapies that will be beneficial to the population that I plan to serve in the future. This class have given me insight on a variety of therapies and I plan to enhance on what I have already learned.

3. Classmate (C.D-B)

Introduction

Today there are evolving alternative therapies and medication to treat various medical mental heath and pain conditions. Often counselors will see a clients who have concerns regarding treatment and the side effect associated with it. Counselors are quickly learning other alternative than will lessening the risk.

Preconceived ideas about complementary and alternative therapies

The field in which counselor practice is fast approaching new alternatives to the traditional medical treatment. The terms “complementary,” “alternative,” and “integrative” are continually evolving, along with the field. The terms “complementary,” “alternative,” and “integrative” are continually evolving, along with the field, In my professional opinion I would not base my preconceived ideas regarding alternative therapies. People have the right to choose an option that would reduce pain or symptoms and proven to affective. According to Sinacola, Peter-Strickland & Wyner (2020). states” unexplained or multiple somatic symptoms are the leading cause of outpatient medical visits and the predominant reason patients with common mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression, initially present themselves in primary care (p.119). People have multiple conditions are referred as multimorbidity. I would recommend thorough research and reviews to the alternative medication for the mind and body. Therefore, if the therapy would reduce pain or decrease symptoms. I would agree. However, years ago many people would not take medications but would herbs and home remedies to treat themselves. (Sinacola et.al, 2020) states biobehavioral factors that show robust associations with markers of inflammation include variables such as diet, smoking, coffee consumption, alcohol consumption, exercise, and sleep disruption.

The importance of informed alternative treatments?

Counselor’s should be educated and trained in the field to adequately advise or suggest the therapies. Counselor must always stay informed with any information or update made available for the general interest of the public. However, years ago many people would not take medications but would herbs and home remedies to treat themselves. (Sinacola et.al, 2020) states biobehavioral factors that show robust associations with markers of inflammation include variables such as diet, smoking, coffee consumption, alcohol consumption, exercise, and sleep disruption. The natural products to consider  includes a variety of products, such as herbs (also known as botanicals), vitamins and minerals, and probiotics (NCCIH, 2018) They are widely marketed, readily available to consumers, and often sold as dietary supplements (NCCIH et.al, 2018) Other options are The mind and body practices consist of  acupuncture, relaxation techniques (such as breathing exercises, guided imagery, and progressive muscle relaxation), tai chi, qi gong, hypnotherapy.

Expanding awareness of alternative therapies

Counselor’s will continue to educate, train and advocate for positive change. It is extremely important to maintain a level of education, stay informed of procedures and process of different alternatives evolving as medications, treatment therapies consistently changing. Regarding the client’s mother discuss the options that has been considered. Provide information that will back the facts.

References

Sinacola, R. S., Peters-Strickland, T., & Wyner, J. D. (2020). Basic psychopharmacology for mental health professionals (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Pearson.

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (2018). Complementary, alternative or integrative health: What’s in a name? Retrieved from https://nccih.nih.gov/health/integrative-health.

Required Resources

Sinacola, R. S., Peters-Strickland, T., & Wyner, J. D. (2020). Basic psychopharmacology for mental health professionals (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Pearson.

· Chapter 14, “Treatment of Comorbidity and Other Disorders”

Optional Resources

Borenstein, J. (2018, April 2). How chronic stress affects neural circuitry [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/brain-and-behavior/201804/how-chronic-stress-affects-neural-circuitry

Docter, P., & del Carmen, R. (Directors). (2015). Inside out [Motion picture]. United States. Pixar Animation Studios

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (2018). Complementary, alternative or integrative health: What’s in a name? Retrieved from https://nccih.nih.gov/health/integrative-health