Determine the probability that a student at the high school will pass the test.

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  1. Problem 1 is adapted from Problem 29 at the end of Chapter 11. Please use Excel to solve this problem and submit your Excel file. The problem is as follows:

 

 

 

A warehouse distributor of carpet faces a normally distributed demand for its carpet. The average demand for carpet from the stores that purchase from the distributor is 4,500 yards per month, with a standard deviation of 900 yards.

 

  1. Suppose the distributor keeps 6,000 yards of carpet in stock during a month. What is the probability that a customer’s order will not be met during a month? (This situation is referred to as a stockout.)
  2. What is the probability that the demand will be between 5000 and 7000 yards?
  3. How many yards of carpet should this warehouse distributor order from its supplier to ensure that 97% of the demand is met? (The percent of customer demand/orders satisfied is referred to as service level. In this question, the service level is 97%.)

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Problem 2 is adapted from the Problem 39 at the end of Chapter 11. Please solve this problem in Excel and submit your Excel spreadsheet. The problem is as follows:

 

 

 

The state of Virginia has implemented a Standard of Learning (SOL) test that all public school students must pass before they can graduate from high school. A passing grade is 75. Montgomery County High School administrators want to gauge how well their students might do on the SOL test, but they don’t want to take the time to test the whole student population. Instead, they selected 20 students at random and gave them the test. The results are as follows:
83    79    56    93
48    92    37    45
72    71    92    71
66    83    81    80
58    95    67    78

 

Assume that SOL test scores are normally distributed.

 

  1. Compute the mean and standard deviation for these data.
  2. Determine the probability that a student at the high school will pass the test.
  3. How many percent of students will receive a score between 75 and 95?
  4. What score will put a student in the bottom 15% in SOL score among all students who take the test?
  5. What score will put a student in the top 2% in SOL score among all students who take the test?

 

 

 

  1. The average male drinks 2 L of water when active outdoors (with a standard deviation of 0.8L). You are planning a full day nature trip for 100 men and will bring 210 L of water. What is the probability that you will run out? Please solve this problem in Excel and submit your Excel file.

 

 

 

what is the social, economic and psychological consequence from growing income inequality?

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Although US is the largest economy in the world, some says it is one of the worst income inequal countries among the industrialized countries and Income inequality in US is not improving.

Q1) Does this claim have any truth in it? If so, discuss it with specific economic data.

Does the new Trump Tax cut make income inequality worse? (0.5 point)

Q2) Some says “ In US, the upper class is doing better, the middle class is disappearing and more people are living under poverty.”

If so, what is the social, economic and psychological consequence from growing income inequality? (0.5 point)

Q3) Some says US government should do more to reduce the gap between the poor and the rich? Do you agree or not? (0.25 point)

If so, is it a good idea to raise more tax from the wealthy and provide more welfare safety nets to the poor, or increase of minimum wage , or free higher education with Government subsidy? (0.25 point)

Q4) As trade war escalates between US and China by imposing  more tariff over each other, what happens to the condition of income inequality  within US?(0.5 Point)

Q5) Is  any better idea of government policy over improving income inequality? since middle class struggles with  heavier consumer debt due to  rising rent cost, medical cost, and education cost,  and job insecurity due to automation. (0.5 point)

Or, If you have really no opinion about the above topic, you may discuss Ten  questions(each 0.25 points)  from “Questions and problems” or/and “Working with numbers and graphs” at the end of the chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and make  two(2) responses to others’ comment over the above discussion topic(2.5 points). Use at least 5 sentences per each question and  two responses to others.

or share the technical 5 tips or experiences(each 0.5 point) about how to register  effectively www.cengage.com/sso (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Mindtap website. Your valuable information may help some other classmates enjoy the  valuable on -line tutorial material such as Mindtap website and make  two(2) responses to others’ comment over the above discussion topic(2.5 points). Use at least 5 sentences per each tip and  two responses to others.

or share the technical 5 tips or experiences(each 0.5 point) about how to use on line tutoring service of Smartthinking. Your valuable information may encourage your classmates to use on line tutoring service of 24 hours and 7 days and make  two(2) responses to others’ comment over the above discussion topic(2.5 points). Use at least 5 sentences per each tip and  two responses to others. .

explain how these assumptions lend themselves to one or more research approaches.

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Philosophy of Science

How does the lens from which you view the world shape your approach to research inquiry? Why is it important as a scholar-practitioner engaged in research to acknowledge your worldview?

The Learning Resources in this first week will help you answer these questions, and they will provide you with a foundation in the philosophy of science that will help you appreciate various research designs and methods. With this foundation, you will be encouraged to reflect on how your assumptions about the acquisition of truth and the nature of the world influence your approach to the research process.

For this Discussion, you will identify an area of interest for a possible research topic. As you read about the different philosophical orientations in this week’s readings, consider if one of these orientations most closely aligns with your worldview and a particular approach to research.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post a brief description of your topic of research interest. Next, state the philosophical orientation that reflects your worldview and explain the epistemological and ontological assumptions of this orientation. Then, explain how these assumptions lend themselves to one or more research approaches.

Be sure to support your Main Issue Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style.

Examine each of your articles using the four big validities. For each article, work through the four big validities in turn, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front.

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Report Issue

 

In 500-600 words for each article (1,000-1,200-words total), interrogate each of your articles from Topic 4, using the four big validities. For each article, work through the four big validities in turn, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write, keep in mind that you are demonstrating your mastery of this material! Show that you know how to ask questions about each of the four validities, show that you know what the answers to these questions mean. Finally, show that you understand what it means to prioritize validities as you interrogate a study.

Use these articles

Articles to analyze

Hopwood, C. J., Donnellan, M. B., Blonigen, D. M., Krueger, R. F., McGue, M., Iacono, W. G., & Burt, S. A. (2011). Genetic and environmental influences on personality trait stability and growth during the transition to adulthood: A three-wave longitudinal study. Journal of personality and social psychology, 100(3), 545. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058678/

Turner B. L., Caruso E. M., Dilich M. A., Roese N. J. (2019). Body camera footage leads to lower judgments of intent than dash camera footage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(4), 1201-1206. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805928116

USE THE DETAILS BELOW TO COMPLETE ASSIGNMENT

PSY-260 Introduction to Psychological Research and Ethics

Article Interrogation

Examine each of your articles using the four big validities. For each article, work through the four big validities in turn, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write, keep in mind that you are demonstrating your mastery of this material! Demonstrate that you know how to ask questions about each of the four validities and that you know what the answers to these questions mean. Finally, demonstrate that you understand what it means to prioritize validities as you interrogate a study.

Details:

Construct validity: Evaluate the measures and manipulations

Restate each variable and how it was operationalized. (“They operationalized ___ by doing _____”). After you describe each measure or manipulation, indicate any reliability and validity information provided in the article (take a look at Figure 5.7). Do they give Cronbach’s alphas; if so, what are they? Are they good or bad? Do they give interrater reliabilities; if so, what are they? Do they give any evidence for predictive or concurrent validity, perhaps to referring to how the measure has been used in past research? Using this information, give your assessment—is each measure reliable and valid? If such information is not included, then evaluate that—what would you like to see?

For manipulated variables, are the manipulations construct valid, in your opinion? (See Chapter 10). If it’s a manipulated variable, do they do any manipulation checks to show you that their manipulation did what they intended it to do? Does the manipulation have face validity?

Statistical validity: Evaluate how strongly the results support their argument.

For each major result, evaluate its effect size to the best of your ability. State the effect size if it’s given in terms you understand (e.g., r or d). If it’s a beta in a regression table, how big is the beta for the main variable of interest, compared to the others on the table? Are the major effects statistically significant? What does this mean?

As you evaluate statistical validity, discuss how strongly and how well the results pattern supported the authors’ hypotheses. See if you can evaluate how strong the result is in some “real world” terms, like an increase in IQ points or a weight loss of some number of pounds, or a reaction time in seconds.

Internal validity: Can the study support a causal claim? Does it intend to? 

First, state what specific causal claim the researchers wish to make (if it’s an experiment) or might wish to make (if it’s a correlational study).

If it’s an experiment, apply the causal rules, including the internal validity threats in Table 11.1. Do any apply to your article? If not, what is your overall evaluation? Can they make a causal statement?

If it’s a multiple regression design, apply the causal rules, and for internal validity, review what variables were controlled for in the design. Can you think of any other third variables? What is your overall evaluation? Can they make a causal statement?

Before criticizing for third variables, remember that a confound is a problem with systematic variance (a true confound) and not unsystematic variance (an obscuring factor).

Thus, if you think that some people in the study might have been in a bad mood, that will not be a confound unless people in only one group were in a bad mood, and the others were not.

External validity: To whom or to what other contexts can the results be generalized? 

External validity addresses two issues: to whom (if anyone) can the results be generalized, and to what other situations or settings? Remember that it’s how a sample is drawn, not how many people are in it, that determines external validity. Consult Figure 7.5 for a reminder. Also, remember that in many studies, external validity is not the first priority. Your evaluation should acknowledge this and explain why.

Each article should be 500-600-words each for a total of 1,000-1,200-words.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Cente