Describe, in your own words, how the research relates to your own experiences as well as how this area of psychology may have affected your past or current beliefs about memory development.

/in /by

Prior to beginning this discussion, please read and view the following required sources:

  • “Flexible Retrieval: When True Inferences Produce False Memories”
  • “Memory Suppression in Alzheimer’s Disease”
  • “Mnemonic Instruction in Science and Social Studies for Students with Learning Problems: A Review”
  • “Short-Term Memory and Long-Term Memory Are Still Different”
  • “The Development of Real-Time Stability Supports Visual Working Memory Performance: Young Children’s Feature Binding Can Be Improved Through Perceptual Structure”
  • Memory

In your initial post, you will apply what you learned from each of the five articles, but you will discuss the findings and implications for just one of these articles. The articles are assigned based on the first letter of your last name. Please see the list below to determine which of the articles you will focus on for your initial post based on the first letter of your last name:

  • A through E: “Flexible Retrieval: When True Inferences Produce False
  • F through J: “Memory Suppression in Alzheimer’s
  • K through O: “Mnemonic Instruction in Science and Social Studies for Students with Learning Problems: A
  • U through Z: “The Development of Real-Time Stability Supports Visual Working Memory Performance: Young Children’s Feature Binding Can Be Improved Through Perceptual Structure”

In your initial post,

  • Explain the empirical research presented in your assigned article, applying appropriate citations and references.
  • Describe, in your own words, how the research relates to your own experiences as well as how this area of psychology may have affected your past or current beliefs about memory development. Do the research findings refute or support your current beliefs, and in what ways? Are there variables about memory of which you were unaware based on your article?
  • Apply skeptical inquiry to the potential problems that might arise from research in the area of memory, and relate it to the APA’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct.
  • Provide a rationale for whether or not this premise is valid and/or appropriate based on the findings reported by the assigned articles.

It is recommended that you research articles in the Ashford University Library to support your assertions if the required articles do not provide sufficient information. Your initial post should be at least 500 words in length.

Generating a Policy Proposal

/in /by

Generating a Policy Proposal

Although some states and cities have passed laws to ban texting and using handheld phones while driving, there is no current law to ban all cell phone use while driving. However, according to the National Safety Council (2009), 28 percent of all crashes—1.6 million per year—are caused by cell phone use and texting by drivers. The mission of a new national nonprofit organization called FocusDriven, patterned after Mothers Against Drunk Driving, is to make phone use while driving as illegal and socially unacceptable as drunk driving. US Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood supports FocusDriven and its efforts: According to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, LaHood said this movement will become “an army of people traveling the countryside” to push for bans on cell phone use and tough enforcement (Schmit, 2010).

As a political advocate interested in this issue, you will be writing a policy proposal that utilizes the current research to propose a solution to the issue and submit it in this assignment.

Please note that your proposal is not an opinion/position paper, and your conclusions need to be based on the scientific research you reviewed earlier. Please follow the typical steps in proper academic writing (planning, outlining, drafting, revising, proofing, and editing) to generate the following proposal structure:

Introduction

In the introduction, you should set up the purpose for the proposal, provide a bit of background on the topic, and present your thesis.

Policy

Now that you have researched a variety of studies (in M4: Assignment 2), compile that information together to create a recommendation for policy makers regarding cell phone use while driving.

1: In a one-page summary, compare and contrast the results of the various studies regarding the cognitive abilities that are affected during cell phone use while driving.

2: Using that research, develop and explain particular recommendations for policy makers. For instance, restrict texting, or regulate the use of hand-held phones. All your recommendations must be supported by your research findings.

3: Based on the gaps in current research, describe the variables, populations, and situations which you would like to see future research address.

Conclusion

Review the important current research, your conclusions from that research, and how the future could look in both policy and research. Keep your goal in mind: To convince the reader to support your current policy proposal and future research to examine this issue more closely.

Your proposal should be written in APA style (which includes a title page with running header and a reference page), and free of typographical and grammatical errors. The body of your proposal should be 4–5 pages long.

The last assignment done!

Preparation for Generating a Policy Proposal

Professor:

PSY363 | Cognitive Psychology

  1. Fitch, G. M., Soccolich, S. A., Guo,      F., McClafferty, J., Fang, Y., Olson, R. L., … & Dingus, T. A.      (2013). The impact of hand-held and hands-free cell phone use on driving      performance and safety-critical event risk (No. DOT HS 811 757).

This study was aimed at analyzing the various levels of distraction from hand-held (HH), portable hands-free (PHF), and integrated hands-free (IHF). For the study 204 drivers were recruited and the study was to last 31 days. The recruitment of this drivers was based on a minimum requirement that each driver needed to acknowledge that they normally use the cell phone at least once when driving. The drivers allowed their calls and text messages to be tracked. The results showed that at least 10% of the time they were driving, they were either on phone. It became quite clear that Hand-held cell phones increased safety critical event risk. The research was carried out in a real world set up and the findings were collected on a day to day basis. This research introduced a concept of Safety Critical Event (SCE) risk that will be a good angle of discussion. The SCE’s include actual crashes, near car-crashes and any other crash related conflict.

  1. Kahn, C. A., Cisneros, V., Lotfipour,      S., Imani, G., & Chakravarthy, B. (2015). Distracted Driving, A Major      Preventable Cause of Motor Vehicle Collisions:“Just Hang Up and Drive”. Western      journal of emergency medicine, 16(7), 1033.

This research was carried out by The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The research subjects were individuals aged 18-64 and the research was carried out over a period of 30 days. The research showed that 21% of the subjects in UK were on phone while driving and a whopping 69% for the United States. This research also discovered that the younger subjects were texting while driving more than the older subjects who were mostly calling. This research shows that there could be countries with better legislature of policies that the United States could borrow to control this menace.

  1. Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Strayer, D. L.,      Biondi, F., Behrends, A. A., & Moore, S. M. (2016). Cell-phone use      diminishes self-awareness of impaired driving. Psychonomic bulletin &      review, 23(2), 617-623.

This research was aimed at proving that cell phone use while driving has a psychological effect. For this research 100 graduates were used. Of the 100, 67 were female and the rest were male. They were divided into two groups cell-phone group and control group. Their ages ranged between 18-41 and they admitted having use the phone while driving. The experiment was carried out in a simulated environment for safety purposes. The cell-phone group drove while talking on phone and the other group drove while the control group never used the phone. It was concluded that first and foremost gender had nothing to do with influencing the results. Secondly it was clear that the use of a cell phone when driving compromised the subjects’ self-regulation and self –knowledge ability and thus they had no control.

  1. Caird, J. K., Johnston, K. A.,      Willness, C. R., Asbridge, M., & Steel, P. (2014). A meta-analysis of      the effects of texting on driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 71,      311-318.

This research takes a very interesting approach. It compares drunk driving and use of cell phones when driving. It is popularly agreed that do not drink and drive. This study utilized 50 subjects. All of whom were advocated of people not drinking and driving. In fact, 40 of them confessed that they would rather take a cab than drive with a drunk friend. The research method was the analysis of the number of times the 50 individuals used their phones to text while driving. Results show that 33 of them texted at least once and at most 15 times in a day while driving. Of these cases 10 of them had either car crashes or near-car crashes. The research conclusion drawn was that while many people admit that drunk driving is bad they are constantly texting on their phones a habit that is extremely fatal. I will rely on this research to prove that use of cell phone has equal if not more dire effects as drunk driving.

  1. Llerena, L. E., Aronow, K. V.,      Macleod, J., Bard, M., Salzman, S., Greene, W., … & Schupper, A.      (2015). An evidence-based review: distracted driver. Journal of trauma and      acute care surgery, 78(1), 147-152.

This study was aimed at analyzing the basic distractors that drivers experience while driving. The subjects were divided into two age groups, teenagers and young adults and the other group was that of Adults and elderly. It was discovered that teenagers were mostly distracted by their cell phones and more specifically 67% admitted to texting while driving. The other age group had distractors such as children crying in the vehicle and phone calls. Interestingly, the most SCE recorded were from those distracted by their cell phones. Therefore, it became clear to me that while cell phones use is risky, other distractions exists and their effect could be fatal. This prompted me to think of a policy that could cover all forms of distraction and not simply the use of a cell phone.

References

Fitch, G. M., Soccolich, S. A., Guo, F., McClafferty, J., Fang, Y., Olson, R. L., … & Dingus, T. A. (2013). The impact of hand-held and hands-free cell phone use on driving performance and safety-critical event risk (No. DOT HS 811 757).

Kahn, C. A., Cisneros, V., Lotfipour, S., Imani, G., & Chakravarthy, B. (2015). Distracted Driving, A Major Preventable Cause of Motor Vehicle Collisions:“Just Hang Up and Drive”. Western journal of emergency medicine, 16(7), 1033.

Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Strayer, D. L., Biondi, F., Behrends, A. A., & Moore, S. M. (2016). Cell-phone use diminishes self-awareness of impaired driving. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 23(2), 617-623.

Caird, J. K., Johnston, K. A., Willness, C. R., Asbridge, M., & Steel, P. (2014). A meta-analysis of the effects of texting on driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 71, 311-318.

Llerena, L. E., Aronow, K. V., Macleod, J., Bard, M., Salzman, S., Greene, W., … & Schupper, A. (2015). An evidence-based review: distracted driver. Journal of trauma and acute care surgery, 78(1), 147-152.

Internet-Based Psychological Interventions

/in /by

Internet-Based Psychological Interventions

Post your response to the topic below with at least 300 words . Cite information from at least one academic source, such as your textbook or an article from the Argosy Online Library, to support your statements.  Use current APA standards to properly cite your source(s). Review and respond to your classmates’ posts through the end of the week, asking for clarification, suggesting a different perspective, and/or indicating how their responses illustrate development of their critical thinking skills.

Discussion Topic

With so many individuals using the Internet today, the psychology of the individual, the family, the community, and the society has changed. Some might argue that the traditional psychological theories cannot be applied and therefore psychology as an entire field needs to be revamped to incorporate the impact and the application of internet technology. As a student completing a bachelor’s degree in psychology, your future career will undoubtedly incorporate the use of the Internet in very new ways. Read the following article from the AUO Library:
Ritterband, L. M., Gonder-Frederick, L., Cox, D. J., Clifton, A. D., West, R. W., & Borowitz, S. M. (2003). Internet interventions: In review,
in use, and into the future. Professional Psychology: Research and
Practice, 34(5), 527-534.
Identify a problem area or psychological issue that could benefit from the use of an internet intervention. Now, using what you learned from the article, propose an internet intervention using the following guidelines:

  1. What problem area would the internet intervention address?
  2. Provide a general description of the proposed internet intervention.
  3. How would the effectiveness of the proposed intervention be tested?
  4. What are any legal and ethical issues related to the proposed intervention? Include the specific APA ethical standard(s) in your response.

Grading Criteria  Maximum Points    Quality of initial posting, including fulfillment of assignment instructions  16    Quality of responses to classmates  12    Frequency of responses to classmates  4    Reference to supporting readings and other materials  4    Language and grammar  4    Total:  40

Design of presentation (i.e. background, pictures, text etc.) is clear, appropriate for the assignment, balanced and compliments both the writing and speaking throughout the presentation.

/in /by

Utilizing the information you compiled for your literature review paper, and the feedback you received from your instructor about the literature review, prepare a 10-15 minute Power Point presentation on your topic, summarizing the key points and conclusions. Be sure to direct this presentation to an audience in the community. For example, if your paper pertained to a topic in developmental psychology, direct your presentation toward parents, or a parenting center. If your topic pertained to substance abuse, direct it toward a community service agency which may use this information for educating teens or parents about preventing drug use, or current clients about treatments and facilities available. Please state in your presentation the specific audience toward whom your presentation is aimed. Include a reference page in APA format, as well as speaker notes and an audio file with your presentation.

Your slides should provide answers to the following questions:

  • What was your topic?
  • What question did you hope to answer by completing this literature review paper? Explain the practical implications of the conclusions of the literature review and the audience to which they are directed.
  • Given the results of your literature review, what is/are the prevailing argument(s)? In other words, which of those is supported by the existing evidence? Be sure to include full coverage of the arguments, including strengths and weaknesses of each of them, supported by your findings from reviewing the relevant articles.
  • Did the researchers consider multicultural factors in their studies? If not, what factors may be involved? What multicultural factors should future studies include?
  • What ethical issues are related to your topic and/or discussed in the studies you reviewed?
  • How do the conclusions of your literature review relate to the various specialization areas in psychology? Tie them to as many as apply from the following areas: biological, cognitive, developmental, social, personality theory, psychopathology, and applied psychology.
  • How can the conclusions of your literature review inform the population towards whom your presentation is directed? How can they apply this information to their daily lives? What advice or ‘take home message’ can you provide to your audience based on the research you reviewed?
  • What research question could you ask in order to further develop this area of study?
  • Why is your research question important and relevant to the current work being done on your topic?

Your presentation should also follow these guidelines:

  • It should be approximately 10-15 minutes in length.
  • It should be clear, concise, and professional.  Writing should be free of spelling and grammatical errors; it should conform to current APA style (including any in-text citations).
  • It should include graphs, tables, figures, or images illustrating your ideas.
  • There should be a final slide listing references in current APA style.
  • The bulk of the text should be placed in the Notes pages of each slide. Keep the amount of text on the slide, itself, to a minimum.
  • You should record an audio file of your oral presentation. You should also type the text of the speech you would give while showing these slides to an audience should be typed into the Notes area.  If you are unable to use the audio feature, the Notes text will suffice.
  • You can refer to the Power Point tips document provided in the Doc Sharing section of the course.

Submit your presentation to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned..

Assignment 1 Grading Criteria   Maximum Points

Describes topic and explains the practical implications of the conclusions of the literature review with clarity and detail.

Describes the audience to which the presentation is directed.  20

Revises the literature review based on feedback from the instructor.

Presentation of information is clearly focused on the specific audience.

Explains the prevailing argument(s), including their strengths and weaknesses, supported by findings from relevant articles.

Synthesizes key points established in and through the literature review.  40

Elaborates on multicultural factors relevant to the topic and to the studies reviewed.

Discusses how the findings can be extended to a more diverse population or additional multicultural factors that should be included in future studies.  40

Discusses relevant ethical issues related to the topic and to the studies reviewed.

Describes how they were or could be addressed in the research.  20

Relates the conclusions of the literature review to at least two specialization areas in psychology.

40

Applies the conclusions from the literature review to specific populations or issues.

40

Provides well-reasoned conclusions, and pointed towards areas for future research.

Provides suggestions for future work that are appropriate and have an applied focus.  36

Introduction has an opening, provides come background information, and states the topic.

Transitions between slides are present.

16

Design of presentation (i.e. background, pictures, text etc.) is clear, appropriate for the assignment, balanced and compliments both the writing and speaking throughout the presentation.

16

Any written portion (including writing on the slides and in notes) follows conventions of spelling and grammar throughout.  Errors are infrequent and do not interfere with comprehension.

24

Using APA format, accurately paraphrased, quoted, and cited in many spots throughout when appropriate or called for. Errors present are somewhat minor.

8    Total:  300