: Prepare a response and submit it through the unit’s Seminar Dropbox.

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Gathering reliable research may be a time-consuming process, but once you have the evidence needed for an argument for change, it is important to know how to use evidence effectively in your writing. In this unit’s Seminar, you will discuss how to synthesize your ideas and source material by way of paraphrasing, summarizing, and directly quoting relevant information. Along the same lines, you will review the definition of plagiarism and how to avoid it in your writing.

Seminar is an opportunity for you to share ideas, insights, and questions with your peers and instructor. Attending the Seminar allows you to practice what you have learned through the unit’s Learning Activities and Assignments. Seminar is required; therefore, you must either attend the synchronous Seminar or complete the Option 2 alternative assignment in order to be eligible for credit.

Option 1: Participate in the scheduled synchronous Seminar, where you will discuss how to integrate research into your writing and avoid plagiarism.

Option 2: Prepare a response and submit it through the unit’s Seminar Dropbox. This option should be composed in Word, written in Standard American English, and you should respond to the prompt below with at least two well-developed paragraphs.

Respond to the following prompt:

After reviewing the archived version of the Seminar, summarize three key points provided by the instructor. Then, think about your experiences with and fears about plagiarism. How will the knowledge you acquired from the Seminar help you to avoid plagiarism in the future?

Click this link for more information about how Option 1 and Option 2 are assessed by your instructor: Seminar Rubric.

Submitting your Assignment:

Put your Assignment in a Word document. Save it in a location on your computer and with a name that you will remember. When you are ready to submit it, go to the Dropbox and complete the steps below:

  • Click the link that says, “Submit an Assignment.”
  • In the “Submit to Basket” menu, select Unit 6: Seminar.
  • Click the “Add Attachments” button.
  • Follow the steps listed to attach your document.

To view your graded work, come back to the Dropbox or go to the Grade book after your instructor has evaluated it.

create an Annotated Bibliography for four sources related to an argument for change

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An Annotated Bibliography organizes your research by way of APA citations and a short paragraph about each source. For this Assignment, you will create an Annotated Bibliography for four sources related to an argument for change. One of the sources should address an opposing viewpoint or misconception related to your topic. Your instructor will provide insightful feedback on the sources you find so you can determine whether to use them in the Unit 8 Assignment, a persuasive research essay.

The following aspects are required for your Annotated Bibliography Assignment:

  •  Title page in APA manuscript format.
  •  Your revised thesis statement for an argument for change in your community or workplace.
  •  Four primary and secondary sources; one source should be a periodical or ebook, preferably from the Library.
  •  Sources that would be appropriate are as follows:
  •  Book, ebook, article, or a chapter from book or ebook
  •  Periodical (e.g., newspaper, magazine, journal article)
  •  Internet source (e.g., blog, organization website, article from Internet site)
  •  Video or audio source (e.g., documentary, video blog, TED Talks , podcast)
  •  A primary source in which the authors of the content are the primary researchers (the ones who conducted research), e.g., a government report, case study, or speech
  •  At least one source should address an opposing viewpoint or misconception.
  •  APA citation for each source (this is the information you would normally include on a references page).
  •  Annotation for each source, which must include each of the following in a full paragraph:
  •  Brief summary of the source (no direct quotes from the source) and a parenthetical citation after the summary, e.g., (Smith, 2014)
  •  Evaluation of the source’s credibility, including the author’s credentials and the verifiability of the source’s information; this should include where you found the source  Library, Google search engine, government website, etc.)
  •  Discussion about the source’s usefulness to your argument for change in your community or workplace
  •  All writing must be in Standard American English.
  •  Use APA manuscript format throughout the Assignment.

To help you complete this Assignment successfully, please review the resources noted below, including relevant articles from the Writing Center that discuss how to write an annotated bibliography, find/evaluate research, and use APA citations. The previously noted Learning Activities related to evaluating sources will also help in your writing of this Assignment.

  •  WC: “How to Write an Annotated Bibliography ”
  •  WC: “Common Citations in APA Format ”
  •  WC: “Citing Sources Tutorial”
  •  WC: “Internet-Only Sources”
  •  WC: “APA Sample Title Page”

Click the following link to access the grading rubric your instructor will use when assessing your Assignment: Unit 6 Assignment Rubric.

Click the following link to see a sample Assignment: Unit 6 Assignment Sample.

Submitting your Unit 6 Assignment:

Remember that you must use Word for this and all Assignments submitted for this class in order to be reviewed and graded by the instructor. When you are ready to submit it, go to the Unit 6 Assignment Dropbox and attach your work.

To view your graded work, come back to the Dropbox or go to the Grade book after your instructor has evaluated it.

Discuss the limitations of the study.  Think of alternative explanations, confounding and third variables.  Problems of the method/procedure, qualities of the sample, etc. 

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For this final assignment, you will write a paper in APA 6th edition styling.  Your paper should have a title page, running head, references section, as well as a body section that is properly formatted.  This paper should be no less than 8 pages long excluding the title page, abstract, and references page.

 

You will need to conduct a t-test on the data to determine if the sample means are significantly different.  After the data from Math Tasks Assignment is compiled, the data will be posted on Canvas.

 

 

 

Think of a test with 100 math problems…There are two types of problems: addition and subtraction.  Would you finish the test faster if you completed all of the addition problems first and all of the subtraction problems second?  Is it more efficient to complete all of the addition problems first?  If you switch back and forth between addition and subtraction, will the mental effort of ‘task-switching’ actually slow you down?  Or is simple math so easy that there will be no difference?

 

The class experiment that we conducted intended to measure just that.  We used a math task that could be completed in an organized fashion to minimize task switching (Task A), or a disorganized fashion (Task B) that required a task switch for every problem attempted.  If there is no difference between switching tasks repeatedly, and completing the same problems in an organized fashion, then there should be no difference in the mean (average) completion times of our Task A and Task B samples.

 

T tests are used to determine if the difference between sample means is significantly different or not.  Using the class’s pooled data, you will conduct a ttest to compare the sample means of Task A and Task B.  Then, you will write a paper that describes the experiment and analyzes the data.

 

OVERVIEW

The data for the final assignment has been posted to Canvas (see attachment).  The critical T value we will use for our data is 1.671.  Write the number 1.671 inside the *purple* circle on the t-test tutorial (TtestWorksheet6_.pdf).

 

1. Access the data in the excel file [DATASET.xlsx] → ANNOUNCEMENTS SECTION 2. You will need to find 3 journal articles that have relevance to our study, and cite information from those articles using in-text citations (articles are provided for you Canvas).  You need at least 2 relevant in-text citations for each article. The in-text citations should be bold in the color red. 3. You need to be able to analyze the data using a t test, and analyze patterns by comparing/reporting correlations. 4. Write a paper (APA 6th edition) that is at least 8 pages (10 including title/ref.)

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

– PAGE 2 OF 6 –

 

 

 

– –– –– –– –– –– –T T  T TE ES ST T– –– –– –– –– –– –

When the data is compiled, you will use the completion times from each condition to complete the t-test worksheet after you print it out [TtestWorksheet6_.pdf].  The worksheet will walk you through a t-test with an alpha of .05 in one tail.  This is because the research predicts that the results will occur in one particular direction.

 

The data file [DATASET.xlsx] has a tab called “T-test Calculation” that saves you the work of performing many computations.  Be sure to check out this page before starting your t-test.

 

 

 

In the Results section, please report the results of your t-test in the following way.  You can copy and paste the text into your paper, just replace the results of your t-test where the #’s are.

 

M represents ‘Mean’; SD represents ‘Standard Deviation’.  The t-test tutorial [TtestWorksheet6_.pdf] will help you find these values.

 

 

 

 

 

RED CIRCLE  FROM T‐TEST  TUTORIAL O RANGE  CIRCLE FROM  T‐TEST

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

– –– –– –– –– –– –C CO OR RR RE EL LA AT TI IO ON N  A AN NA AL LY YS SI IS S– –– –– –– –– –– –

Investigate and discuss patterns that are present in the data by looking at the correlation between our variables.  Use the Critical Values of the Correlation Coefficient – Table R [In the back of your book] to find out whether the correlations are significant based on the df (degrees of freedom).  Use a two-tailed test with an alpha of .05.

 

Critical values are based on degrees of freedom.  Use the “Correlation Analysis” tab of the data file [DATASET.xlsx] to analyze the correlations.

 

 

Check out the following combinations of variables:

 

 Age and completion time (does being older make people faster or slower?)  Age and # incorrect  Gender and completion time (are males faster than females)  Gender and # incorrect

 

Determine if the patterns present in our data match patterns present in the literature.  For example, you may cite Reaction Time Literature Review by Robert J. Kosinski, and make a connection between factors affecting reaction time and whether those factors  may have had an effect in our experiment.

 

 

Abstract

 

Create an abstract that concisely summarizes this study in 120 words or less.

 

Introduction (Literature Review)

 

Provide a brief background of the task-switching literature relevant to this study by providing 12 in-text citations from the literature (2 citations for each article used).  These in-text citations may be 1 sentence long and should be written in the color red (you do not necessarily have to read all of the articles in entirety from start to finish! Pull a relevant citation from each article).  Emphasis should be placed on what they did, and their results; a connection should be made to our study in a predictive manner if necessary.  Some keywords that may help you find relevant articles are:

 

 Task switching  Cognitive Efficiency  Multi-tasking  Selective Attention  Divided Attention

 

 Use the link below to access the journal article databases: http://library.montclair.edu/articlesdatabases/index.php?View=Subject&Subject=Psych ology%2FSociology

 

Explain the hypothesis of this study.  Explain what is expected to occur in this experiment based on the background literature.

 

Clearly explain what the independent variable is, and what the dependent variable is.  Make sure you include all necessary information for a thorough introduction.

 

Method

Participants In the first paragraph, explain the sampling process and how the entire class provided their own subjects for this experiment.  What is the average age of all of the participants for each condition?  How many males and females participated in each condition?  Were these people randomly selected?

 

In a second paragraph, describe YOUR subjects age and gender for each condition.  Describe the testing environments.  In what rooms did the tests take place?  What times?  Describe any other information you see fit.

 

 

Materials and Procedure In one paragraph, describe the materials used for this experiment: pen/pencil, printed addition tasks, etc.  Describe Task A and Task B to the reader, explaining the differences between the two, and similarities between the two.

 

In another paragraph, explain your procedure.  Where did you administer Task A and Task B?  What time did you administer them?  Did everything go smoothly, or did you

 

have to deviate slightly from the procedure? Did the person interact with you during the test or did they sit quietly and remain focused?  Did you stay in the room with the person during the test?  Did anything unexpected occur?  Did your subjects understand the directions?

 

In another paragraph, explain 2 experimental controls that we utilized (For example, the same 51 mixed-math problems appear in Task A and Task B; by using the same 51 problems we can eliminate any alternative explanations that differences in the difficulty of the problems are causing a longer completion time).

 

In yet another paragraph, explain if anything occurred that would threaten the validity of the test?  Describe anything that happened that was not ideal and could have had an effect on the results.  Why is it important for everyone to follow the same procedure?  What would happen if everyone followed their own procedure, how could this affect the results? Results

 

In one titled paragraph, discuss and compare the sample means for Task A and Task B.  Is there a difference; is one higher than the other?  Is the difference between means significant?  Discuss the results of the t test, and what the conclusion of this study is.  What was the critical t value?  What was the obtained t value?  Are the results significant?

 

In a second titled paragraph, explain the results of your correlation analysis describing the information from above.  Discuss the relationships between the variables and modify the following phrase to report each one:

 

The variables Age and # Incorrect were [not/strongly] correlated, r(d df f) = .##, p<.05.

 

 

Discussion In a final summative paragraph, discuss the implications of these results.  Summarize the findings (Task switching had a negative effect on completion time because participants required more time to complete the math problems…etc.).  Do you think practice would reduce the effect?  Why? Provide a direction for new research, do you think task switching would have an effect on reaction time in any other task?

 

Explain the background reasoning of why you think there is an effect.

 

If there was no effect: Discuss reasons why you think there was no effect?  What are some things we could change about the experiment to get stronger results? Are there any additional precautions we should take next time?  Was the test too easy or too hard?  (If there WAS an effect, then omit this section).

 

Discuss the limitations of the study.  Think of alternative explanations, confounding and third variables.  Problems of the method/procedure, qualities of the sample, etc.

Develop commitment from jail administrators to support the substance abuse treatment program and provide adequate staff and technical resources.

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The Need for Treatment in the Criminal Justice System

One of the principles of effective treatment of substance-abusing offenders is: “Develop commitment from jail administrators to support the substance abuse treatment program and provide adequate staff and technical resources.” Although this sound elementary, a situation may arise that has a public image of commitment but a private reality of nonsupport.

You have been hired to be a consultant for revising the substance abuse treatment policies at the local prison. Search the Argosy Online library for at least two peer reviewed journal articles pertaining to this issue.  Based on your module readings and these two research studies craft a memo to the prison warden explaining the need for criminal justice intervention and treatment within the correctional facility.  Be sure to cite relevant statistics to support your arguments. Your submission should address the following items:

  • The relationship between substance abuse and crime.
  • The goals of treatment of substance abuse disorders within the criminal justice system.
  • The impact of lack of such treatment on offenders on the prospect of recidivism upon release.
  • Provide a brief summary of the two research studies you reviewed to support your arguments.
  • Quote relevant statistics to support your arguments.
  • Utilize APA format to cite all scholarly sources you use in this document.

Your paper shoud be 2-3 pages long. Remember to include a cover page and refrence page, and to support your arguments with information drawn from the online content, the textbook, and other credible, scholarly sources to substantiate the points you are making.