Question 1. 1. What does Tom Regan say about the cruelty/kindness approach to animal ethics? (Points : 1)The best way to explain animal ethics is in terms of our obligation to be kind and not cruel to animals
It is inadequate because it is possible to do wrong while being kind, and it is possible to do wrong without being deliberately cruelIt has no relevance to animal ethics because animals are cruel to each otherYou have to be cruel to be kind, in the right measure |
| Question 2. 2. What does Peter Singer say about the history of liberation movements? (Points : 1)They tend to become narrower in scope … zeroing in on the exact class that deserves moral consideration.They tend to become wider in scope … with people learning to apply moral principles to groups previously not considered.They tend to become more discriminatory … giving fewer and fewer rights to the less privileged.They tend to discover that the original concepts in the past were superior and it is a mistake to veer from traditional wisdom. |
| Question 3. 3. According to Tom Regan, which of the following should compel us to accept the equal rights of animals? (Points : 1)Sentiment – our feelings for the welfare of animals Law – legal regulations requiring us to respect the rights of animalsReason – this theory has the best reasons on its sideReligion – the laws of God mandate human compassion |
| Question 4. 4. Which of the following makes it difficult to calculate the utility of an act (Points : 1)the time frame of the consequencesdisagreements about the meaning of pleasure or happinessdetermining what constitutes the greatest goodall of the above |
| Question 5. 5. What does Singer say about other philosophers’ attempts to argue that only humans have moral worth? (Points : 1)That they give a good way to determine who has rights in a way that includes all humans and no animalsThat they all say that animals should have rights tooThat they come up with unjustified methods to include all humans while excluding all animals from moral considerationThat animals do not have rights because they are not as smart as humans are |
| Question 6. 6. Peter Singer’s “basic principles of equality” applied to animals means: (Points : 1)Animals should be given all the same rights as human beings.Animals are not entitled to not all the same rights but to an equal consideration of interests.Animals should not be given the same moral consideration because they are do not have the same power to reason as humans.Animals do not have rights unless they can demonstrate the same abilities as humans. |
| Question 7. 7. According to Mill, utilitarian morality holds that: (Points : 1)If each individual strives to maximize their own happiness, the happiness of all will follow.Each individual is required to sacrifice their own individual happiness for the happiness of all.With the right social arrangements and education, individuals can come to associate their own individual happiness with the happiness of all.Neither the happiness of the individual nor the happiness of all is worth pursuing, since neither is attainable in this life. |
| Question 8. 8. What does Tom Regan say is the source of inherent value in an individual? (Points : 1)Individuals have equal inherent value by virtue of being experiencing subjects of a life, i.e. conscious beings whose lives matter to them We have equal inherent value if we are able to experience pain and pleasure, suffering and miseryWe do not all have inherent value; only those that live and abide by moral principles have inherent worthDifferent societies have different views about what is right and wrong, so the ‘inherent value’ of individuals is relative |
| Question 9. 9. Which of the following does not describe the ways that chickens and turkeys are treated on factory farms, according to the video “Meet Your Meat” (Points : 1)They are raised in their own excrement among corpses of other birdsSome are so crippled from unnatural growth that they are unable to moveThey are given ample space to roam and to express their own natural behavior.They are often beaten with metal rods, which is considered legal by the industry |
| Question 10. 10. What is speciesism? (Points : 1)The view that all animals should be treated equally regardless of their abilitiesThe view that endangered species have the right to existAllowing the interests of one’s own species to override the greater interests of members of other speciesProtecting endangered species from extinction regardless of economic costs |
