Read attached journal article.Identify: sampling method, what measurement did the article used?, Are there any validity and reliability measures present in the article?Please, see both attachment
Write 5 pages with APA style on The Myth of Horoscope Is Not True. Before talking about the truth of horoscopes, it is important to know where they came from. It can be traced back five thousand years ago to Mesopotamia where many different races such as Babylonians and Assyrian lived. Their original religion had a certain level of faith in celestial bodies. In fact, astronomy was actually considered as a part of the horoscope during this period of time. They imagined and formed certain stars as .pictures of an animal or a human being. . Later in about 592 B.C, Greeks developed and named those pictures with Gods’ names. They even gave stories to explain how these Gods exist in the sky. These illusions became what we call constellations nowadays. Horoscopes use these constellations and planets in the solar system to predict people’s future (Morris & Powell, 2006).
However, the contradictive point is that constellations are just stars that are a hundred million light-years away from earth. How a person’s future can be judged by a couple of rocks from the universe. Constellations are illusions, and it is not necessary for astronomers to give a name to each group of stars. Astronomers can just simply assign a number to stars, but then astronomy will become boring for people. That is why Greeks made constellations in association with fairy tales so that people could remember those stars easily. Astronomy is an art as well as science. Unfortunately, horoscopes manipulate the original meaning of astronomy. Whoever believes in horoscopes completely are already losing their judgments.
 . . . . . .Horoscopes are just a Pseudoscience, and many scientific ways prove that horoscopes are not true. First, constellations have actually shifted about 25 degrees away from their original positions. It means that each constellation is not corresponding to the correct time to which it is assigned.
Write a 11 pages paper on expectancy violation theory. When people’s expectations are violated, they are bound to respond in certain ways. If an act is not expected and is given a favorable interpretation, then positively evaluated, it is also bound to produce results that are more favorable than the expected act with the same evaluation and interpretation.
Ontological assumptions
The theory assumes that human beings have a certain quantity of free will. This is because the theory presumes that human beings can interpret and survey the connections and the relationships amongst themselves and the partner that their communication partner and then make a decision of not violating the expectations of the other individual depending on what the results they may prefer attaining (Gowen & Britt, 2006).
Epistemological assumptions
The theory assumes that there is only a single possibility of truth. This is the truth that there are norms for all activities of communication and if such norms are not followed, there will be certain results that are predictable (Burgoon & Jones, 1976).
Axiological assumptions
The theory also strives to be neutral in value since the study was conducted empirically and it also strives to define how humans can react when someone or something violates their expectations (Burgoon & Jones, 1976).
Critique
The theory is considered scientific since it presumes that only a single truth exists. It also presumes that reactions and norms to the violations are common to everyone (Burgoon & Jones, 1976). It also strives to predict the results that occur when there are violations.
Ideas and implications
The theory is quite useful and practical since it presumes that there are common reactions and norms to violations, which are universal. It also strives to predict the reactions to every norm violation that will exist.
Explanation Data (Example)
Taking the example of the teacher (narrator) who was approached by four students making their requests. He realized that in every case of his response to the student, the conversational distance might have influenced his decisions. He mentally pictures the four students making their requests. The first student, Andre, was literally on his face, less than a foot away.
Explore the connection between past and present by analyzing 16th, 17th, 18th, and/or 19th-century roots, parallels, etc. of a current issue within the United States.
Use this information to compose a 1200-1600 word report on the prompt. Be sure to thoroughly and thoughtfully analyze the connection between past and present concerning your topic of interest and speculate on the future concerning your topic of interest. Construct a final works cited page in MLA format. Please use MLA format for in-text citations as well.
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