Female genital mutilation is
The economy of a “post-industrial” society is focused on
a) farming and agricultural production,
b) services and information,
c) manufacturing and heavy industry,
d) horticulture.
__2. Membership in the “upper-upper” class is gained primarily through
a) birth and inheritance,
b) income and investment,
c) gaining widespread fame and recognition for one’s achievements,
d) rising rapidly in business or politics,
e) personal ability.
__3. For a truck driver to put his daughter through medical school would be an
example of
a) career mobility,
b) group mobility,
c) intergenerational mobility,
d) lateral mobility.
__4. A definition of poverty in terms of “relative deprivation” centers on the
inability of people to
a) adequately feed themselves,
b) meet their daily needs,
c) maintain the standard of living considered normal in their society and that
others can be seen enjoying,
d) earn more than $17,830 a year.
__5. The “glass ceiling” in business and governmental organizations, which
effectively limits the advancement of women and minorities, would be an example
of
a) de jure discrimination,
b) legal discrimination,
c) institutional discrimination,
d) assimilation,
e) hypergamy.
[Look in the Week 7 Study Guide]
__6. If someone’s marriage is said to be “racially exogamous” it means that
he/she
a) is racially prejudiced,
b) has married someone of the same race,
c) has married someone of a different race,
d) has married someone of higher racial status.
__7. In status relationships and in day-to-day social interaction, the use of
stereotypes is
a) necessary because it is impossible to interact with everyone on a personal
basis,
b) sometimes useful when dealing with members of minority groups,
c) always harmful because negative reactions are the result,
d) useful only within primary groups.
[See the Week 7 Study Guide]
__8. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a minority group?
a) Its members regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination.
b) Its members are singled out for differential or unequal treatment.
c) Its members have unique physical or cultural characteristics.
d) Its members constitute a clearly distinctive racial group.
__9. Members of an ethnic group are distinguished by
a) having a common cultural background and identity,
b) having the same racial features,
c) being labeled by society as inferior,
d) having a conservative or traditional outlook on life.
__10. The process of forcing Native Americans to live on reservations is an
example of
a) assimilation and acculturation,
b) genocide and ethnic cleansing,
c) expulsion and segregation,
d) pluralism,
e) Anglo-assimilation.
__11. When a society moves from stage 1 to stage 2 of the demographic
transition, it experiences rapid population growth because
a) the birth rate increases,
b) the birth rate decreases,
c) the death rate increases,
d) the death rate decreases.
__12. Sociologically, rape can be considered
a) a crime of passion,
b) a natural result of changing women’s roles in society,
c) a crime of violence and aggression,
d) a safety valve for pent-up sexual frustrations,
e) the social consequence of excessive emphasis on romanticism in popular
culture.
__13. Which statement about rape is correct?
a) Most rape victims are at least partially to blame themselves because of the
way they behaved or dressed,
b) the majority of rape victims are assaulted by an acquaintance,
c) the rapist is twice as likely to be a stranger to the victim than an
acquaintance,
d) most rapes are reported to the police, especially those which occur within
the family,
e) rape is primarily motivated by an uncontrollable sexual urge.
__14. The American social system is an example of
a) egalitarian society,
b) rigidly stratified society,
c) open class society,
d) caste society,
e) feudal society.
__15. Differences in the behaviors expected of men and women are based on
different
a) patterns of learning,
b) innate abilities in men and women,
c) physical characteristics and strength,
d) hormonal balance.
__16. Which of the following statements about the family as a social
institution is correct?
a) It first became important during the industrial revolution.
b) It is more important in industrialized societies than in agricultural
societies.
c) It takes the same form in all societies.
d) It is the primary agency of socialization in all societies.
__17. Human sexuality is
a) determined by biological urges, and is virtually the same in all societies,
b) genetically different for men and women,
c) basically instinctual but with some influence from culture and social norms,
d) primarily learned behavior, strongly influenced by one’s culture and social
institutions.
__18. The majority of US poor are
a) white,
b) black,
c) Hispanic,
d) native American.
__19. Romantic love as the principal motivation for marriage is
a) a recent development in Western society,
b) universal in all societies today,
c) very ancient in the West, but recently introduced into Asia,
d) a basic human instinct.
__20. At one time the cultural value which emphasized having many children,
especially sons, was socially functional, but the change from rural
agricultural communities to an urbanized industrial society has made such
values largely dysfunctional, although these values themselves have been slow
to change. This gap between function and form would be an example of
a) culture lag,
b) acculturation,
c) social deviance,
d) progress,
e) modernization.
__21. Which of the following statements best summarizes Thomas Malthus’s theory
of population growth?
a) Although population increases geometrically, technological advances will
keep pace and guarantee adequate food supplies.
b) Increasing food supplies inevitably leads to an increasing population.
c) Population increases geometrically while available food supplies only
increase arithmetically, and food shortages will inevitably result.
d) Population increases in direct proportion to the available food supply.
__22. Rates of population growth and exhaustion of environmental resources are:
a) about equal in all nations of the world;
b) highest in the poorest nations;
c) highest in the richest nations;
d) lowest in the poorest nations.
__23. Female genital mutilation is
a) outlawed everywhere in the world today,
b) still practiced among Asian immigrant groups in the US,
c) found primarily in the countries of northern Africa,
d) confined to Muslim societies of the Middle East,
e) practiced only in southern Africa.
__24. The term “third world” is used to describe those nations that
a) have a socialist form of government,
b) do not have representation at the UN,
c) have emerged from communist domination,
d) have won their independence from colonial dominance since World War II.
__25. “Post modernist” critics believe that the major institutions of modern
societies
a) have become instruments of social control by powerful elites,
b) provide an element of spirituality and diversity to human life,
c) have little or no influence on the nature of human social life,
d) have become irrelevant to modern social life.
__26. Which of the following is NOT part of the concept of stratification?
a) People are ranked hierarchically;
b) almost any social attribute can be a basis for stratification;
c) stratification is inevitable because of innate biological differences among
people;
d) the distribution of rewards in society is usually related to the patterns of
stratification.
__27. Which of the following has NOT been one of the contributing factors to
the dramatic increase in world population over the past 150 years?
a) decreased frequency of wars;
b) higher agricultural productivity;
c) improvements in public health practices;
d) improvements in transportation.
__28. Statistics show that since 1976, the gap between the rich and the poor in
the US in terms of the division of the nation’s income
a) has increased,
b) has decreased,
c) has stayed the same,
d) is beginning to equalize.
__29. “Xenophobia” is
a) a mental illness caused by excessive poverty,
b) fear and dislike of foreigners,
c) fear of female warriors,
d) escapist behavior,
e) a compulsive desire to conform.
__30. The movement to declare English the official language in the US is an
example of
a) Anglo-conformity;
b) cultural pluralism;
c) ethnic cleansing;
d) segregation.
