In the sample provided in Final_3.sav, are the variables income and Bladder Cancer independent of each other?

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Question: I. Descriptive Statistics: (20 pts) Download the data set Final_1.sav. Complete the following: 1) List the level of measurement for the variables, AGE, SEX, AGEGRP, SBP1 in the data set and describe the appropriate numerical and descriptive statistics based on these. 4 pts Record Number AGE 1 3 2 11 3 15 4 46 5 14 6 35 7 46 8 35 9 40 10 29 11 22 12 16 2) Calculate (by hand) the mean and standard deviation for the first 12 records for age in the data set. 4 pts 3) Generate numerical and graphical descriptive statistics for each of the variables, namely, AGE, SEX, AGEGRP and SBP1. 8 pts 4) Interpret the output you generated in part 3 for each of the variables in the data set. 4 pts I. Paired and Independent t tests: (20 pts) Download the data set Final_2.sav and use SPSS to complete the following calculations: 1) Use the 5-step approach to hypothesis testing and the calculation of the 95{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} confidence intervals to answer the following research question: Was a significant difference in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) observed over the course of the study? (10 pts) 2) Use the 5-step approach to hypothesis testing and the calculation of the 95{0e601fc7fe3603dc36f9ca2f49ef4cd268b5950ef1bbcf1f795cc00e94cdd119} confidence intervals to answer the following research question: Is there a difference in SBP1 based on HIV status? (10 pts) (Hint: Assign Y as group 1 and N as group 2) III. Cross-Tabulation: (20pts) Download the data set Final_3.sav and use SPSS to complete the following calculations. 1) Use the 5-step approach to hypothesis testing to answer the following research question: In the sample provided in Final_3.sav, are the variables income and Bladder Cancer independent of each other? (Note: The question could also be asked: Is there an association between the variables because the lack of independence implies an association)? (10 pts) 2) Answer the following based on the cross-tabulation of alcohol consumption and Bladder Cancer: (10 pts) Alcohol consumption * Bladder Cancer Crosstabulation Count Bladder Cancer Total No Yes Alcohol consumption “Less than 1 drink per week” 30 54 84 4 or more drinks per month 22 115 137 Total 52 169 221 Calculate the odds ratio. 4 pts Describe how the odds ratio differs from the relative risk or risk ratio and why you would chose it here. 2 pts Interpret the odds ratio and how it might impact the practice of public health practitioners. 2 pts If you wanted to know whether this relationship was statistically significant what test(s) could you use? 2 pts IV. ANOVA: 20pts Download the data set Final_4.sav and use SPSS to complete the following calculations. 1) Produce box plots of income for each region of the US in the data set and interpret them. Based on the box plots do you expect to find a difference between any of the groups? 4 pts 2) Create descriptive statistics for each region, using the variable income. 4 pts Include skewness and kurtosis in the output. 2 pts Create a histogram for each group. 2 pts 3) Run the ANOVA for income based on region. Include the ANOVA table and the test for Homogeneity of Variance. Interpret the results. 6 pts 4) Conduct post hoc analysis using Bonferroni and LSD methods to control for multiple testing. 6 pts Provide the output. 2 pts Interpret your results. 3 pts Why do you need to use methods like Bonferroni and LSD with the ANOVA? 1 pt V. Regression: 20pts Download the data set Final_5.sav and use SPSS to complete the following calculations. 1) Use an independent t test and simple linear regression to identify whether a relationship exists between gender and BMI. (10 pts) Run the appropriate t test in SPSS, report the significance of the difference in means and the confidence interval, and interpret the results. 4 pts Run the simple linear regression in SPSS, report the significance of the variable gender and the overall fit of the model (using r2). Interpret the results. 4 pts How are these two approaches different? 1 pt Are your conclusions the same using both tests? 1 pt 2) Answer the questions using the provided output: 10 pts Multiple Linear Regression 5 pts Researchers looked at the Emergency Department Records of 60 adults ages 22 to 46 years who arrived in the ED complaining of chest pain during a 6 month period of time. They did not use a random sample as they wanted 30 males and 30 females in the study. They collected information on BMI (a measure of overweight/obesity), Age, SBP (Systolic Blood Pressure) and the diagnosis of Diabetes. Their first hypothesis (alternative) was that the dependent variable SBP is associated with BMI, Age, Diabetes, and Gender. They conducted a multiple linear regression to test their

RESEARCH PAPER ON FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)

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RESEARCH PAPER ON FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME (FAS)

I need to re-post this homework, it has not ben done. I need this paper now by the 10th of Aug.

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Choose a disease or health-related condition to study. The topic can be an acute condition (e.g., E. coli poisoning, asthma exacerbation) or a chronic one (e.g., cancer, heart disease, obesity). Review the literature of descriptive and other information sources for that condition. Write a 6-8 page paper that presents the information in a logical sequence, described below.
• Introduction -Briefly introduce/describe the topic and present its importance to human health -Explain why the condition should be studied (for example – an increasing trend, it affects a large percentage of the population, etc.) -You might include some prevalence information here to indicate the public health impact or burden
• Descriptive Epidemiology – Describe and/or define the disease or condition using descriptive epidemiology references – Describe the condition in terms of person, place, and time: who tends to get this condition, where do they usually live, and at what age
• Rates – Present the most current national and local prevalence and incidence rates available
• Causes and Risk Factors – Discuss the known and/or unknown causes of this disease (plausible mechanisms) – Provide the currently established risk factors associated with the disease
• Conclusion – Summarize this condition and indicate any public health efforts that may limit its impact, based on what you have read and thought about while writing the sections above
• Bibliography – All citations should be referenced within the paper and in a bibliography at the end – Use the American Psychological Association (APA) format
The paper should be double-spaced, in 12-point Times New Roman font, and have 1” margins and numbered pages. Using graphs or charts to explain relationships, describing the condition, or summarizing the literature is strongly encouraged (examples will be provided throughout the course). The bibliography is not included in the page count.
Due 5 Aug

Discuss the biological basis of energy homeostasis, including an introduction to your chosen focus area

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Write a five page (body; double spaced) review of the topic Metabolic Syndromefrom a
public health biology perspective. In your review, include the
following:

  • Discuss the biological basis of energy homeostasis, including an introduction to your chosen focus area;
  • Discuss
    some of the recent (within five years) and current research on the
    focus area you chose, including study aim, methods, and results of the
    studies you discuss;
  • Explain
    the value and application of the above research findings to public
    health, citing the studies as needed, and providing some examples of how
    this information is or can be used in public health policy, programs,
    and practice. Write a five page (body; double spaced) review of the topic Metabolic Syndromefrom a
    public health biology perspective. In your review, include the
    following:

    • Discuss the biological basis of energy homeostasis, including an introduction to your chosen focus area;
    • Discuss
      some of the recent (within five years) and current research on the
      focus area you chose, including study aim, methods, and results of the
      studies you discuss;
    • Explain
      the value and application of the above research findings to public
      health, citing the studies as needed, and providing some examples of how
      this information is or can be used in public health policy, programs,
      and practice.

why Prescirtion Drugs can be detrimental to society

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you are to wright a paper explaining—– why Prescirtion Drugs can be detrimental to society— and defend your answer but show the pros/ and cons of both sides of the argument. follow the links i attached with the research paper assignment directions attached

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Prescription Drug AbusePrescription drug abuse is the Nation’s fastest-growing drug problem, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified prescription drug abuse as an epidemic. While there has been a marked decrease in the use of some illegal drugs like cocaine, data from the http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nhsda.htmNational Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) show that nearly one-third of people aged 12 and over who used drugs for the first time in 2009 began by using a prescription drug non-medically.Some individuals who misuse prescription drugs, particularly teens, believe these substances are safer than illicit drugs because they are prescribed by a healthcare professional and dispensed by a pharmacist. Addressing the prescription drug abuse epidemic is not only a top priority for public health, it will also help build stronger communities and allow those with substance abuse disorders to lead healthier, more productive lives. ONDCP’s Prescription Drug Abuse Prevention PlanThe http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/ondcp/issues-content/prescription-drugs/rx_abuse_plan.pdf2011 Prescription Drug Abuse Prevention Plan expands upon the Obama Administration’shttp://ondcp/2011-national-drug-control-strategy http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/strategy/index.htmlNational Drug Control Strategy and includes action in four major areas to reduce prescription drug abuse:Education. A crucial first step in tackling the problem of prescription drug abuse is to educate parents, youth, and patients about the dangers of abusing prescription drugs, while requiring prescribers to receive education on the appropriate and safe use, and proper storage and disposal of prescription drugs.Monitoring. Implement prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) in every state to reduce “doctor shopping” and diversion, and enhance PDMPs to make sure they can share data across states and are used by healthcare providers.Proper Medication Disposal. Develop convenient and…