The study of tissues is a. cytology b. histology c. molecular biology d. microbiology e. surface anatomy 2. In a negative feedback mechanism, the response of the effect or a. reverses the original stimulus b. enhances the original stimulus c. has no effect on the original stimulus d. is usually damaging to the body e. creates a cycle that leads away from homeostasis 3. Covalent bonds form when a. atomic nuclei fuse b. molecules become ionized c. neutrons are transferred from one atom to another d. protons are lost from atoms e. electrons are shared between two atoms 4. Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called _______ reactions. a. dehydration b. synthesis c. hydrolysis d. reversible e. oxidation 5. Proteins a. are the body’s source of immediate energy b. are the building blocks of nucleotides c. provide much of the structure of body cells and tissues d. contain the genetic information of the cell e. insulate and cushion the body 6. The plasma membrane a. separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell b. is a rigid protein membrane c. is not permeable d. has a single layer of phospholipids e. regulates movement of materials into and out of the cell 7. Channel proteins a. are binding sites for other molecules b. utilize the G protein complex to function c. are found only on endoplasmic reticulum d. allow cells to recognize one another e. provide a “door” through which extracellular molecules can enter the cell 8. Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue? a. conduction of action potentials b. secretion and absorption of molecules c. support of other tissue types d. contraction e. shock absorption 9. Adipose tissue a. functions as an insulator and a site of energy storage b. exists in three forms: yellow, red, and brown c. contains large amounts of extracellular matrix d. is composed of relatively small cells e. does not contain lipids 10. Skin color is the result of the a. quantity of melanin in the skin b. number of keratinocytes in the skin c. amount of fat in the hypodermis d. thickness of the stratum basale e. number of melanocytes in the skin 11. What does structure “B” represent on the diagram? a. hair follicle b. arrector pili c. dermis d. hypodermis e. sebaceous gland 12. When blood calcium levels are low a. osteoclast activity increases b. calcitonin secretion increases c. calcium absorption is reduced d. bones produce more bone tissue e. osteoblast activity increases 13. What does structure “A” represent on the bone diagram? a. cancellous bone b. Diaphysis c. epiphyseal lines d. articular cartilage e. epiphysis 14. What does structure “A” represent? a. frontal bone b. occipital bone c. parietal bone d. sphenoid bone e. temporal bone 15. The figure illustrates bones of the right upper limb. What does “A” represent? a. radius b. carpals c. phalanges d. metacarpals e. ulna 16. The figure illustrates bones of the right lower limb. What does “C” represent? a. femur b. fibula c. tarsals d. tibia e. patella 17. The joint between the head of the radius and the proximal end of the ulna is a _____ joint. a. plane b. saddle c. hinge d. pivot e. ball and socket 18. What does structure “A” represent on the diagram? a. tendon b. articular cartilage c. bursa d. fibrous capsule e. synovial membrane 19. Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules? a. thick myofilaments b. I Bands c. Z disks d. Sarcolemma e. tropomyosin 20. What does “B” represent on the diagram? a. threshold b. depolarization c. depolarization phase of action potential d. repolarization phase of action potential 21. The flexion of the elbow represents a a. class I lever system b. class II lever system c. class III lever system d. class IV lever system e. non-lever system 22. Label muscle “A” on the diagram. a. orbicularis oculi b. temporalis c. trapezius d. sternocleidomastoid e. masseter 23. What does “A” represent? a. coracobrachialis b. deltoid c. pectoralis major d. biceps brachii e. serratus anterior 24. The central nervous system includes the a. ganglia b. spinal cord c. spinal nerves d. cranial nerves e. sensory receptors 25. Identify structure “A” on the neuron. a. Schwann cell b. Node of Ranvier c. neuron cell body (soma) d. dendrites e. axon 26. The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does “C” represent? a. postsynaptic membrane b. synaptic cleft c. synaptic vesicle d. voltage-gated calcium channel e. presynaptic terminal 27. Which of the following combinations indicates the correct distribution of spinal nerve pairs? a. 7 cervical – 12 thoracic – 6 lumbar – 5 sacral – 1 coccygeal b. 7 cervical – 12 thoracic – 5 lumbar – 6 sacral – 1 coccygeal c. 8 cervical – 12 thoracic – 6 lumbar – 4 sacral – 1 coccygeal d. 8 cervical – 12 thoracic – 5 lumbar – 5 sacral – 1 coccygeal e. 7 cervical – 13 thoracic – 6 lumbar – 5 sacral – 1 coccygeal 28. Label component “A” on the reflex arc. a. sensory receptor b. effector organ c. sensory neuron d. motor neuron e. interneuron 29. A small lesion in the brainstem which resulted in a rapid heart rate, intense vasoconstriction, and elevated blood pressure would probably be located in the a. medulla oblongata. b. Pons c. Cerebellum d. Hypothalamus e. cerebrum

Read the case study below and answer the questions associated with the case study.
1) Crimes of the Heart: A Case Study on Cardiac Anatomy

Tiffany is worried about her newborn son. Ever since she brought Caleb home from the hospital it has been so hard to get him to eat and he seems to be breathing too hard all the time. She stopped breastfeeding and tried every bottle and formula on the market, but nothing has worked. So, at his one month check-up, her stomach is in knots as they place Caleb on the scale. The nurse says, “9 pounds, 7 ounces.” Tiffaney realizes Caleb has only gained one pound since he was born and she breaks into tears.
Tiffaney is worried about her newborn son. Ever since she brought Caleb home from the hospital it has been so hard to get him to eat and he seems to be breathing too hard all the time. She stopped breastfeeding and tried every bottle and formula on the market, but nothing has worked. So, at his one month check-up, her stomach is in knots as they place Caleb on the scale. The nurse says, “9 pounds, 7 ounces.” Tiffaney realizes Caleb has only gained one pound since he was born and she breaks into tears.

Dr. Baker checks over Caleb in the exam room, taking extra time feeling and listening to his chest. During the exam, Tiffaney explains her struggle with trying to get her son to eat and how he cries almost the entire day. After the exam, Dr. Baker says, “When I listen to Caleb’s heart I hear an extra sound called a murmur. I want to use an echocardiogram and an ECG to get a good picture of all the parts of his heart.”

After a full day of tests, Tiffaney meets with Dr. Baker in his office. He explains, “After a careful review of all the information, I have discovered that Caleb has a hole in the heart muscle wall between his right and left ventricles. We call it a ventricular septal defect. That is probably why he has been so irritable and hard to feed. The hole is not very big, but he will still need to have surgery to repair it.” Although the thought of her tiny son having surgery is terrifying, Tiffaney is relieved to know why things have been so tough at home.

Short Answer Questions:
1. Dr. Baker spends a long time listening to (auscultating) Caleb’s heart. Where do you think would be the best place to auscultate Caleb’s abnormal heart sound? Explain your answer.
2. Caleb has abnormal heart sounds that tipped the doctor off to a problem. In relation to the normal heart sounds, when would you expect to hear the abnormal sound Dr. Baker heard? Explain your answer.
3. The defect in Caleb’s heart allows blood to mix between the two ventricular chambers. Due to this defect would you expect the blood to move from left-to-right ventricle or right-to-left ventricle during systole? Explain your answer.
4. What happens to Caleb’s systemic cardiac output as a result of his ventricular septal defect (VSD)? Explain your answer.
5. Based on the location of Caleb’s defect, what part of the conduction system might be at risk for abnormalities? Explain your answer.

****Read instructions below and answer bulletin below****

2)I want to know where you find your nutrition information and how you distinguish quality from quackery. Please identify 3 websites with nutrition information, and provide us with:

—A link to each site
—A brief description of the site
—Reasoning for why you trust or don’t trust the content of the site

Word Count is your choice for both assignments.
Formatting is your choice also