As an advanced practice nurse, you will examine patients presenting with a variety of disorders.

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As an advanced practice nurse, you will examine patients presenting with a variety of disorders. You must, therefore, understand how the body normally functions so that you can identify when it is reacting to changes. Often, when changes occur in body systems, the body reacts with compensatory mechanisms. These compensatory mechanisms, such as adaptive responses, might be signs and symptoms of alterations or underlying disorders. In the clinical setting, you use these responses, along with other patient factors, to lead you to a diagnosis.
Consider the following scenario:
Scenario 1:
Jennifer is a 2-year-old female who presents with her mother. Mom is concerned because Jennifer has been running a temperature for the last 3 days. Mom says that Jennifer is usually healthy and has no significant medical history. She was in her usual state of good health until 3 days ago when she started to get fussy, would not eat her breakfast, and would not sit still for her favorite television cartoon. Since then she has had a fever off and on, anywhere between 101oF and todays high of 103.2oF. Mom has been giving her ibuprofen, but when the fever went up to 103.2oF today, she felt that she should come in for evaluation. A physical examination reveals a height and weight appropriate 2-year-old female who appears acutely unwell. Her skin is hot and dry. The tympanic membranes are slightly reddened on the periphery, but otherwise normal in appearance. The throat is erythematous with 4+ tonsils and diffuse exudates. Anterior cervical nodes are readily palpable and clearly tender to touch on the left side. The child indicates that her throat hurts a lot and it is painful to swallow. Vital signs reveal a temperature of 102.8oF, a pulse of 128 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 24 beats per minute.

To prepare:
� Review the three scenarios, as well as Chapter 6 in the Huether and McCance text.
� Identify the pathophysiology of the disorders presented in the scenarios, including their associated alterations. Consider the adaptive responses to the alterations.
� Review the Mind Maps Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) media in this weeks Learning Resources. Then select one of the disorders you identified from the scenarios. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for the disorder you selected. Consider the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations.
To complete:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:
� Explain the pathophysiology of the disorders depicted in the scenarios, including their associated alterations. Be sure to describe the patients adaptive responses to the alterations.
� Construct a mind map of your selected disorder. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations.

Include the mind in the paper at the last page maps see attached document for example of mind map

Describe and critically discuss a piece of primary research, published in a journal, and of relevance to the topics studied in the module.

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Information and instructions for the blog coursework.
Introduction

You are required to submit five blog entries, each of no more than 500 words, throughout the year. Each blog entry should describe and critically discuss a piece of primary research, published in a journal, and of relevance to the topics studied in the module. You may choose any study which you deem to be of relevance to any of the learning outcomes of the module, however your five entries should include a variety of topics and different types of study. You should assume that your audience are general medical professionals (general practitioners and pharmacists).

The aims of the exercise are to:

Increase your depth and breadth of knowledge pertaining to the module learning outcomes.
Help you to understand the research upon which therapeutics and clinical guidelines are based.
Encourage you to engage in independent study and self-directed reading which are essential for success in this module.
Encourage you to begin to develop your skills of critical analysis of research which will be extremely important to you next year when you undertake your own research projects.

Submission instructions

Each blog entry should be saved as a single Microsoft Word file (.docx) and uploaded to the appropriate repository on blackboard (below) and should include in addition to the body of the text:

A title
A reference in Harvard or Vancouver format.
A hyperlink (web link) to the article upon which you have commented
A word-count for the body of the text (ie excluding title, reference and hyperlink) which should be no more than 500 words in length.

Summative blog entries will be marked anonymously (i.e. with the marker blinded to the student’s identity) so it is important that you do not include your name anywhere in the files you submit.

Mark calculation and assessment criteria

This exercise contributes 20% towards the final module mark. The mark which will be used is the mean average of your final two blog entries. The marking criteria are broadly outlined below:

Weighting
Marking criteria 

Choice of article 10%
Was a primary research article chosen?* Was the article correctly referenced? Was a hyperlink to the article included? 

Methods 25%
Were the study methods, protocol, measurements and endpoints described appropriately? 

Results 25%
Were the results described appropriately (including quantitative description). 

Critical analysis 30%
Was relevant critical analysis included? 

Style 10%
Was the style appropriate for a blog entry and for the intended audience? Was the article written in good English. Was a word-count included* 

Total 100%
*If the blog entry does not describe a piece of primary research, exceeds the word limit, or includes an inaccurate word count, a mark of zero will be awarded

General guidance on writing blog entries

Choice of Article

You need to comment on primary research articles. If you are in any doubt as to whether an article should be considered primary research, look and see whether it has a methods section. If it does not, it is almost certainly not primary research. Laboratory studies and clinical trials make excellent choices. You could also comment on systematic reviews and meta-analyses, however, the methods used in these types of publications are quite complex (including complex statistics) and may be difficult to summarise in a short blog entry. Studies which test an explicit hypothesis perhaps lent themselves more easily to critical analysis in comparison to observational studies which look at trends in diseases or prescribing.

The inspiration for your blog entries can come from anywhere: you might read about a study in the newspaper and decide to find the original paper in an academic journal. You might come across paper during your background reading for the module. At some point, you will have to use an academic database. I will recommend the names of some below, and I would encourage you to become familiar with them and to discover which ones you find most easy-to-use. They’re very powerful search tools, and allow you to filter the results by date, or by type of article (for instance you might want to restrict your search to clinical trials only).

Pubmed

Scopus

ScienceDirect

Web of Knowledge

You may know of others, and are welcome to use them. in addition the University has its own search tool which is called ‘Discover’ and is particularly helpful, because it helps you find articles which are available in the universities electronic library collection.

The purpose of my own blog www.cardiovascularnews.co.uk is to highlight areas of interest and relevant articles to you, rather than to provide model blog entries.

Structure of your  blog entry

You can  structure your blog entry however you see fit, however you should include the following information:

Introduction

You should briefly describe the purpose and aims of the study you are describing. Remember your audience is GPs and pharmacists. You shouldn’t need to give long explanations of common medical conditions. Remember that the marks are awarded for your description and critical analysis of the research.

Description of methods

Think carefully about including the most important details in the methods, because you will not be able to include all the details. You should include details of the the experimental protocol, but do not forgot to mention what was measured (and how) and what the primary end point of the study was (or which value was compared between groups.). As your critical analysis is largely dependent on the methods, it is important to make clear how the experiment was conducted.

Description of results

It is important to discuss the most important results quantitatively and to consider the most important information to include in a short summary. Don’t be tempted to write too much about statistical significance, without commenting on the size of the effect measured. Many papers will include lots of measurements, you need to consider which are the most important, as you won’t have room to discuss them all.

Critical analysis

This is probably the most difficult section (and consequently, where the most marks are available). Essentially, you should aim to consider the work critically, rather than simply accepting the authors’ conclusion. You can approach this task by asking questions such as: Were the methods (and endpoints) appropriate? What do the results mean? Is the authors’ interpretation of the results supported by the data?

You should try to judge each paper on its own merits. If a paper set out to test the hypothesis that ‘dogs enjoy eating bones’ it’s not really fair to criticise it for not asking whether cats like eating bones. Proposing an extension to a study (however interesting) is not critical analysis. You may wish, briefly, to discuss the implications of the research which is again interesting but is not critical analysis.

Try to keep your critical analysis specific rather than general for example, rather than automatically saying ‘the experiment would have been better if the sample size had been bigger’ consider whether this is really the case. In very may experiments it is true, but it requires some justification. Experimenters don’t usually pick a sample size (n number) out of thin air, they will perform calculations to work out the sample size they need. A trial that is bigger than it needs to be costs more money and may have ethical implications relating to unnecessary experimentation on volunteers or animals. A comment along the lines of ‘the authors don’t state how they calculated their sample size’ or ‘the authors calculated their sample size but were not able to recruit enough volunteers’ is a much more useful indication that something is wrong.

It is important to comment on bias e.g. ‘there were more people with hypertension in the control group than the test group’ and to think carefully about critical analysis of the measurements and endpoints used in the trial. Many studies will claim that drug x reduces cardiovascular risk, when in fact they have only measured the effect of drug x on blood pressure, not on cardiovascular events. If a trial uses the ‘depression score’ as its endpoint, you need to question what this score is? What does it mean? Has it been validated in other trials? What are its strengths and weaknesses?. Some experiments don’t seem to have a clear hypothesis and don’t state the primary endpoint in the methods. This is often the case with trials involving mental health where the patients will be assessed for severity of symptoms using 4 or 5 different scales before and after an intervention. You should be asking if it is necessary to use so many scales , or whether the authors were ‘hedging their bets’ and hoping they would see a significant difference in at least one of the measurements.

It is also interesting to comment on the way in which numerical data are treated. For example, Some trials of antihypertensives set out arbitrary categories for BP (ie normal<140/90<hypertensive) and then presented their results saying ‘at the end of the trial 20% of people in the control group were hypertensive and 10% of people in the treatment group were hypertensive’ When data is categorised like this, it is a good idea to ask why? Is there a good reason? Or would it have been better to present the mean BP in each group? You may find it helpful to commented on the statistics used in published work. Often these are very ropy!

These are by no means the only things you can comment on, but hopefully they give some food for thought.

Avoidance of plagiarism

All blog entries will be subjected to analysis by plagiarism detection software. Students deemed to have committed plagiarism in either the formative or the summative blog entries will be initially invited to an interview with the module leader, and where appropriate, will be referred to an Academic Misconduct Panel. It is inevitable that in a short article such as this, there will be some similarity with the source paper you have used, however you nut be very careful to avoid crossing the line of what is acceptable. The University gives excellent advice on the avoidance of plagiarism which includes one definition that is very helpful: Plagiarism is..’ Verbatim copying or close paraphrasing of another’s work without clear identification and acknowledgement’ This means that whilst ‘copying and pasting’ is clearly unacceptable, so too is taking an original piece of work and altering the grammar and changing words using a thesaurus to make something ‘new’. Indeed, this may be construed as an attempt to conceal plagiarism, in which case the penalties are made mere severe.

In order to write a blog entry about a piece of research, you should know the paper ‘inside-out’ and understand it. My strong advice would be to try to write the blog entry without the paper in front of you. You will obviously need to check figures and details, but this approach should help you to avoid any allegations of academic misconduct, for which the sanctions are very serious.

Identify one important social issue as portrayed in your novel (for example, slavery, oppression, housing, immigration, healthcare) and explore how this social issue uniquely affects your character as an emerging adult.

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This paper is based on a novel “Possessing the Secret of Joy” by Alice Walker. It should be based on the main character “TASHI” and her life, family, situations, problems, pain and suffering etc….

In this assignment you will demonstrate your understanding of key concepts and theories
through critical analysis of the main character and clear articulation of supporting evidence
including scholarly literature to support your arguments. The evaluation of the exam will be
based on the appropriate use of the concepts you have chosen, the strength of your synthesis
and analysis of the material and support for your arguments.
Graduate level writing (organization, clarity, grammar and APA style) will be evaluated. Use scholarly articles and
primary sources; the quality of your sources will be evaluated.

PART 1: Case Description (2-3 pages)
Start the paper with a succinct, but complete, case description. Your case write-up should describe the main character and contain the following subheadings:

• Identifying information.
This section may include a general description
and relevant information of the main character.

• Current Situation.
This section may include the main character’s current
environment, their community, family life, work, and/or other relevant situational factors.

• Family of Origin.
This section may include family history, relationships
(either past or present) with  family members, family dynamics, family life cycle, and/or other factors relevant to your character’s family.

• Biological Development and History.
This section may include medical history, past or current illnesses, developmental milestones, and/or other physical, biological and medical factors.

• Social Development and History.
This section may include education,
work history, significant relationships, interests, social networks, and significant life events.

• Strengths.
This section should include an overview of the main
character’s strengths.

PART 2: Identity Formation in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood (3-4 pages)
One of the main psychological tasks of adolescence and young adulthood is the process
of identity formation.
Present an in depth discussion on one theoretical model of identity formation (you may NOT use Erikson) that best explains the character’s construction of
self.

PART 3: Attachment and Relationships (3-4 pages)
Attachment relationships are central to emotional and social well being throughout the
life cycle.
Present an in depth theoretical discussion of the attachment system of your character.

PART 4: Social Issues (3-4 pages)
• Identify one important social issue as portrayed in your novel (for example, slavery, oppression, housing, immigration, healthcare) and explore how this
social issue uniquely affects your character as an emerging adult.

• In addition include an intersectional analysis of gender, race, class, sexual orientation and/or other cultural factors pertinent to your character’s identity
formation and attachment system.Throughout the paper, provide conceptual and empirical evidence to support your arguments, referencing a minimum of 12 scholarly works, at least 3 of which must be outside materials
(i.e., not on any SOWK syllabus).

The paper should be 12-16 pages in length (not counting references or title page), double-spaced, with 1-inch margins on all sides

The evaluation of the paper will be based on whether you addressed all aspects of the assignment, the
appropriate use of the theoretical concepts you have chosen, the strength of your analysis, the quality
of your written work (organization, flow, clarity, grammar, spelling), and the correct application of APA
style. If you have any questions about APA style, please refer to our library libguides and the writing
tutorials from our writing center.

Decide on three (3) background checks that the HR Department must utilize, and justify the relevance of each background check for the job opportunity.

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Please complete the following assignment.
NOTE: IF YOU ACCEPT THIS  ASSIGNMENT IT MUST BE COMPLETED WITHIN 48 HOURS AND THERE WILL BE ABSOLUTLEY NO TIME FOR EXTENSIONS.
Assignment must be written by an American writer with an American feel. No broken English or incomplete parts or thoughts. Past papers must have been very poorly written and I will not have time to re-write bad work. Paper must have a title page, introduction, conclusion and reference page with 5 quality references. Each question below has multiple parts and questions within the question that must be covered and included in the paper.
Assignment
Imagine that you are the HR Director at your current organization or an organization with which you are familiar. As the HR Director, you must use different employment law requirements to create methods and policies that support the promotion of a diverse workforce.
Select one (1) job opportunity that you have held or with which you are familiar within the same organization for this scenario.

(Note: You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of these assignments. In your original work, you may use aspects of existing processes from either your current or a former place of employment. However, you must remove any and all identifying information that would enable someone to discern the organization[s] that you have used.)

Write a ten to twelve (10-12) page paper in which you:

1. Develop three (3) recruitment methods for the job opportunity in question, and suggest two (2) ways that each method helps one to avoid discriminatory practices. Justify your response.
2.Outline an application process that details the organization’s method of accepting all applications, as well as its method of validating applicants’ attainment of the required credentials (e.g., reviewing resumes, collecting transcripts, verifying certifications, etc.) for the job opportunity.
3.Develop a five- (5) step procedure for the HR Department to use in order to maintain all applicants’ records in case a discriminatory charge occurs.
4.Decide on three (3) background checks that the HR Department must utilize, and justify the relevance of each background check for the job opportunity.

Assignment

Imagine that you are the HR Director at your current organization or an organization with which you are familiar. As the HR Director, you must use different employment law requirements to create methods and policies that support the promotion of a diverse workforce.

Select one (1) job opportunity that you have held or with which you are familiar within the same organization for this scenario.

(Note: You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of these assignments. In your original work, you may use aspects of existing processes from either your current or a former place of employment. However, you must remove any and all identifying information that would enable someone to discern the organization[s] that you have used.)

Write a ten to twelve (10-12) page paper in which you:

1.Develop three (3) recruitment methods for the job opportunity in question, and suggest two (2) ways that each method helps one to avoid discriminatory practices. Justify your response.

2.Outline an application process that details the organization’s method of accepting all applications, as well as its method of validating applicants’ attainment of the required credentials (e.g., reviewing resumes, collecting transcripts, verifying certifications, etc.) for the job opportunity.

3.Develop a five- (5) step procedure for the HR Department to use in order to maintain all applicants’ records in case a discriminatory charge occurs.

4.Decide on three (3) background checks that the HR Department must utilize, and justify the relevance of each background check for the job opportunity.

5.Choose three (3) employment tests (e.g., drug tests, medical examinations, HIV tests, generic tests, polygraphs, honesty tests, psychological tests, intelligence and skills tests, and physical fitness, etc.) that the HR Department should use. Justify the relevance of each selected employment test to the job requirements.

6.Formulate a policy for making both the hiring and promotional decisions related to the job opportunity. Specify the major challenges and potential adverse impact of using subjective criteria for assessing soft skills. Next, suggest one (1) plan to mitigate the adverse impact. Justify your suggestion.

7.Recommend two (2) types of reasonable accommodations for both disabled applicants and applicants needing special religious considerations. Argue two (2) legal reasons for not being able to sufficiently provide such reasonable accommodation for each group.

8.Select one (1) case in which a court charged an organization with an affirmative action violation and one (1) case in which a court charged the organization with not managing harassment issues more expeditiously. Recommend an action plan geared toward preventing the issues addressed in both cases within your selected organization. Justify your recommendation.

9.Choose three (3) work-life conflicts that the HR Director should consider within the selected organization. Then, outline a policy geared toward resolving each conflict through the use of related employment laws. Justify your response.

10.Use at least four (5) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.