Your training and education in the area of human behavior will be developed through experience, exposure to public and private issues that are collaboratively addressed, needs assessments, and research that addresses topics requiring additional insight and resolution. Leadership, advocacy, training, and education still allow for gaps in completing your training in this field of social and behavioral sciences. Continued work enables the integration of learning in the environment that will help in developing solutions to local issues and strengthen your ability to work within the system incorporating new ideas that may challenge your personal approaches.
1. Find relevant articles that review coaching skills and their regulatory bodies.
2. Explain the advocacy and leadership potential derived from coaching certification.
3. How does your training and education prepare you to incorporate skills of coaching within the response to challenges in human behavior?
4. In what areas do you feel the most need to develop skills and training for your role in the human behavior field?
00JohnJohn2019-07-08 11:50:232019-07-08 11:50:24Explain the advocacy and leadership potential derived from coaching certification.
1) Listen to the entirety of the “Batman” episode of This American Life podcast: http://www.thisamericanlife.org/radio-archives/episode/544/batman
2) Take notes while you listen: Who’s story is this? How does it challenge conventionally-held assumptions about blindness? Why is that significant? How does the show incorporate both research and narrative? What kind of effect does that balance achieve? Who does it ask you to identify with? Who are the various stakeholders (people who care/are affected by) the conversation happening in this story?
3) Post a minimum 450-word discussion post (I’ve created a forum) that explains how the show weaves multiple sources and perspectives together to create a more complicated story than the one it challenges. In other words, how does this story replace a simplistic/erroneous narrative with more a nuanced and complex one? What does this episode teach you about research? How does the thesis of the episode evolve (i.e. change, become more interesting or rich)?
4) You must also read and respond to TWO of your classmates’ posts. Engage meaningfully with their ideas in at least 200 words EACH. The first classmate post is: After I read this story about the blind man-Daniel Kish, I feel touched and amazed. There are two scientists named Lulu Miller and Alix Spiegel showing the story of Kish. Daniel Kish is a blind man and owns the ability of clicking, which is the same ability that the bats have. Daniel Kish is also called the “Batman”. The main idea of the story is about how Daniel Kish challenges himself and do things what other people do not think the blind people can do. The scientists give two statements out, one is the influences of others’ expectation, the other one is self-expectation.
From the story of Daniel Kish and the relative research, the results show that expectations of others will influence a person’s behaviors and thoughts. Meanwhile, Daniel Kish also shows that self-expectation can also affect one’ behaviors. He as a blind man, he learnt to ride the bicycle and feel things by clicking. Before or during the time he did that, people tend to question that “the blind men cannot do that”. However, Kish not only challenges himself, but also he does what he wants and loves to do.
He’s story and achievement is significant to other blind people and also normal people. Because we all know normal people have a thought that there are many limited things that the blind men can do. That’s the expectation of others to blind people. Their disability of sight makes normal people think they need to be protected, especially their parents. Kish also mentions about this, he thinks love can be an obstacle on the way of blind men’s self-challenge. Nevertheless, Daniel Kish keeps doing the things he wants to do even though he faces suspicion or kind suggestions. He also trained some blind people by using his ways which is not really like the methods in some organizations for blind people. He wants to arise other blind and normal people’s awareness that the blind people can do what they really want to do, although they might get hurt.
The story of Daniel Kish reminds me of a documentary from VICE news program I watched a few months ago. It is not the exact story as Kish’s, however I have similar feelings and thoughts. In Japan, now there are some institutes provide sex service to people with disabilities. People who provide services are trained and the service is by hand. A person who is interviewed has disease, he cannot talk clear (I forgot the disease he got). He and the workers from the institute say that normal people tend to think that people with disabilities have no desire of sex. Even their families just ignore or do not think about that. But the fact is, people with disabilities still have the same desire of sex as normal people.
When we see those people who with physical or mental disabilities, we are more likely to put our expectations and set limitations to them. And we are easy to ignore what they really need. They have disabilities, but it doesn’t mean they need protection for everything. As Kish says, people can give up, but he still can challenge himself for other things. They are blind but are not dead, they can walk by themselves; they can do many things as others can. The second classmate is The “Batman” podcast about blindness is a mixed research-narrative. The mix in itself creates an argument, but also is openminded enough that it allows for thinking on the speaker’s behalf. The podcast begins with the story about how rats performed on tests in mazes regarding unconscious thoughts of the tester. The casual experiment showed that the rats who were believed to be smarter than others performed vastly better than the ‘unintelligent’ rats. This is to broaden the idea of how thinking can inhibit the capabilities of animals, which includes humans of course.
Daniel Kish is cited and used as a main detail to the argument of how blind people cannot meet their potential if other people’s ideas are standing in their way. In spite of the discouragements of his teacher and neighbors regarding echolocation, Daniel became able to see by using sound and eventually was able to ride a bicycle like every other child his age. He received much media attention with people who were fascinated by the tenacity of a blind man learning how to ride a bicycle. The podcast bluntly adds how this is much more offensive than most people realize. By mixing in numerous perspectives like Kish, his teacher, schools for the blind who treat children helplessly, and other blind people who dislike echolocation, it creates the dividing wall of the old beliefs regarding the blind as incapable of amounting to much. When it is cited about the blind boy Adam at Kish’s elementary school, it is to show how even at a young age the erroneous ideas about a blind person’s abilities is apparent. Adam was unable to avoid walking into walls, and gained a lot of negative attention for that. He was bullied, even by Kish, because everyone wanted him to know he was different and helpless. Later the podcast mentions how Robert Scott, a sociologist, wrote a book on the idea that ‘blindness is a social construction’. He interviewed many people to find that almost all of them were held back by the same idea: ‘blind people cannot do these things’. These ‘things’ are simple like letting a blind man work in a paint factory to climbing a tree. That negative thinking impacts anyone’s capabilities really, but it may affect those who are handicapped more so because they are indeed different from the average person. The isolation from negative expectations for blind people is nonexistant, but today schools are now more integrated in an attempt to get all children to grow in the same environment. This attempt at trying to teach children that everyone has equal potential for something leads no where. Children are still treated differently in schools, especially those who echolocate because it is not ‘socially acceptable’ (as one of Kish’s teachers complained to his mother).
The podcast makes a switch halfway through to the idea of Kish teaching young children how to echolocate and the science behind it to allieviate any doubt the listener has for echolocation. Even blind people are still seeing when they use echolocation. The piece about Lore Thaler and her research on the sight of echolocation demonstrate that the brain constructs an image almost the same way as someone uses their sight. This piece of research is evidence that the idea of helpless handicaps is incorrect (in more than one way). The black and white sources used in the podcast are supposed to complicate the story of how blind people are much more capable than anyone can imagine. Any of the references who stated that blind people cannot do certain things throws off the listener, making this a more of a moral debate than factual. The idea of ‘who are we to say someone cannot do something’ is the actual question of the podcast. It is not ‘can blind people do x, y, and z?’. Of course people are going to hold back those who are handicapped in some way or another. It is not out of hate or fear of the difference someone has, but it is about fearing the harm that is apparently inevitable to someone who is blind. There is a reference to Brian Bushwig teaching a five-year-old echolocation, and his godmother who pulls the child away from the street. This is the point about how love can inhibit the learning of handicapped children. It is not wrong to want to keep someone safe and away from suffering, but sometimes that idea is what can stop someone from reaching their potential. This podcast may begin as a question of can blind people ride bicycles or walk in the woods, but the main findings of the podcast evolves into if you are brave enough to rise against the odds and not be held back by expectations or handicaps, you can do anything.
00JohnJohn2019-07-08 11:49:502019-07-08 11:49:52Listen to the entirety of the “Batman” episode of This American Life podcast: http://www.thisamericanlife.org/radio-archives/episode/544/batman
Students are expected to create a resource for teaching reading in a context of their choice. The resource should be written in PowerPoint, and should include the following key components:
Key Components
All statements relating to the theory or outcomes must be referenced (including page where appropriate).
Description of the teaching and learning context
Justification of the pedagogical approach used to teach reading
Principles of lesson sequence design
A choice of appropriate task and resources
Identification of long- and short-term goals in relation to the national Australian Curriculum: Literacy and/or another discipline area
A teaching sequence with five teaching plans that integrate all aspects of pedagogy explained above
READINGS
MODULE 1:
Some rules and study tips for module 1:
Explore the textsand video links in this module. Select the resources which interest you; they are all good and will help you reflect on the concept of literacy as a tool for enhancing students’ engagement in the world. No need to read and watch all resources.
Be awareof the difference between current government policies and your own intellectual understanding of your role as a teacher. Policies come and go, while you need to have an informed and critical stance on what you do and why as a teacher. For those curious, here is a link to a great paper by Henry Giroux (Giroux is very famous on this issue and his texts are core texts of anyone involved in teaching literacy):
You do not have to purchase textbooks. This unit will provide you with online texts, suffienct in scope to pass the unit. While Module 1 shows examples of textbooks, all these textbooks have been written some time ago. There are not the protocols for teaching literacy. They provide you will some commonly expressed ideas about literacy and should be used criticall.
Explore archived Collaborate sessions and participate in the ones we will hold everysecond or so week to clarify your questions. You can watch archived Collaborate seesions from SS2013 and S12014
Collaborate Session 1 PDF – Collaborate_One(1).pdf
Collaborate session 1 (archives)
Ensure you mark reviewedwhen finish to gain access to module two (2)
If you plan to create an online portfolio, here are links to tutorials teaching how to create a Google website (Google Sites which are free). Many tutorials you can find on YTube.
Lian’s tutorials for working with Google sites: https://sites.google.com/site/alumnieducationhub/video-tutorials—using-google-sites/google-sites-tutorials
Other Google Apps tutorials by Ania Lian: https://sites.google.com/site/alumnieducationhub/video-tutorials—using-google-sites
Focus questions for Module One:
What is the purpose/goal of reading? How do we make meaning? What do we ‘do’ when we read? Why do we read? What do we read?
Getting Started:
What do we already know and understand about readers and reading?
It is often useful to start off with what we already know and it will be important to keep your notes to guide your own learning and reading, and so that you can go back and reflect on your knowledge over the course of this unit. One useful knowledge organiser is a KWHL (What do I know, What do I want to know, How will I learn, What did I learn) chart but you might also find ta graphic organisers useful in getting you started, they are only a suggestion and there are many different websites you can look at if you can’t find a graphic organiser to suit you. You might also find some of the author’s comments interesting to consider as you begin your reading about reading but for the moment they are something you could come back to at a later date, here we are really interested in how you mightorganise your ideas.
Take a moment, look over the focus questions and engage in the unit materials, all with the aim to assist you to identify the qualities which make up a “reader”. While engaging in readings and Collaborate materials, start writing down what you think makes up a godo reader. Do not be guided by your assumption. Look at them critically in the light of the materials you read, listen to, or watch online. When you have finished – organise your ideas a little more using some key words or headings you see in your lists/ideas. Then write down a definition of a reader, it should be no more than a short paragraph. Your definition should tell you and others what a good reader does that makes him or her effective.
Becoming a reader – If you can’t open the links, copy them and paste into your browser
The videos and texts for this week focus on becoming a reader.
Explore and Play
Some time ago I created this video for my facebook friends:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1gBh5db32E&list=UUwQS6fhgp64nJP6GrO2qDCw
How many systems of meaning does this video integrate? Name them: music? what type of music? why male voice? why birds? why video? why road? why accident? who would be the audience and why? Could you use a similar type of activity to create a video with pre-literacy children (age 5 or so)? How would you do this, how and for what purpose? Which bits in this video target litercay skills?
Text messaging and literacy: what do you think of the results of this study? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iL2vD-sVweM
Brain and literacy: lots of wonderful insightshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzvMyzici6U
Maryanne Wolf, (2011). Mind, Brain, and Education Podcasts: “Dyslexia Intervention: Reading and the Brain”, YT http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QN7Y6onJGq
Reflections:
Hill (2012 pg 2 -6) states “Reading and writing begins at birth, and continues steadily as children develop.” and goes on to talk about the development of literacy, of reading, writing, listening and speaking as a developmental process. On teh basis of what you have done so far in this unit, do you agree or disagree with Hill’s statements? Why? Why not?
What does the process of becoming a reader involve? Where does reading start? What are the prerequisites for becoming a reader?
Dr Maren Aukerman from Stanford University is an acclaimed scholar in teaching literacy. Review her paper, attached in here. Observe the attention she gives to literacy as a tool of communication. Children do not just read to satisfy the school’s requirements. They read to engage togetherAukerman_reading URL: https://www.learnersedgeinc.com/file/aWho’s%20Afraid%20of%20the%20Big%20’Bad%20Answer’.pdf
Also, in thise reserve reading we will look at the work of David Sousa (2005) as he describes links between brain development and reading. Firstly he talks about the acquisition of spoken language in contrast to the ‘relatively new phenomenon’ of reading (pg 32). This article contains quite a bit of detail and material.
Some pertinent points are made about:
The role of oral language in reading development
The role of communication in learning to read
The types of skills and knowledge required to comprehend text and
Brain development
The readings below are quite old but if you wish to learn how people used and and actually still continue thinking about learning to read, I encourage you to browse through these readings, but do so while exercising critical thikning.
Michael Pressley (2006) has been criticised strongly by key literacy researchers. Still his textbook was widely used and it is always worthwhile to see what he thought and wrote about. Pressley makes some points about the way children make meaning from text and the active process of reading: readers know the purpose for reading, readers make conscious efforts to link prior knowledge to make meaning and interpret text and how good readers actively monitor their understanding as they read. Like Sousa, Pressley talks about the role of eye tracking within this cognitive process of decoding and describes, in detail, the attributes of successful readers.
Skilled reading (Chapter 2) / Michael Pressley.
This reading by Kemp, Max (1980) http://ereadings.cdu.edu.au/eserv/cdu:20576/doc.pdf builds on the previous two readings, and will be very useful when we look at diagnosing reading problems and assessment, by not simply talking about skilled readers but also proposes some insight into students who might struggle to learn to read. Again you will need to consider the links between these readings and summarise your ideas and understandings of the goals of reading and what we do when we read.
Winch et al (2011) Chapter One: A balanced view of reading. In this chapter Winch provides a clear overview of the global and national research on reading and introduces some key terms and definitions.
Winch et al 2011 Chapter 3: Oral Language. As Sousa and Olson point out humans have been speaking for thousands of years, it is ‘hard wired’ into our brains (Sousa 2005, Olson 1994). Thus we want to make clear the importance of oral language and oracy, the joint process of listening and talking, in effective approaches to learning and teaching reading (Winch et al 2011 pg 31). In this chapter you might link to your prior knowledge from ETL 112 or ELA 100 as we review the components of oral language and make connections between oral language and reading. On page fifty six Winch talks about the mode continuum, a concept we will spend some more time in the coming weeks as we look at ‘What is text?’.
The Olson reading gives a very interesting history of reading:
A history of reading : from the spirit of the text to the intentions of the author (Chapter 7) / David R. Olson.
And this reading by Wood provides rich introduction into learning theories in educational settings and may assist you in making links about what we know of learning in general and learning to read.
From Pavlov to Piaget (Introduction) / David Wood.
MODULE 2:
Study tips for module 2:
Engage the materials in the module
Identify relevant concepts and integrate them into your understanding of litercay and a good teaching practice.
Watch/listen to archived lectures: Collaborate session 2 (archived), URL:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnytRhsYPdo When links don’t work, copy and paste them into your browser
Focus Questions for Module Two:
What is text?
How has literacychanged over time?
How do we choose and use quality texts for teaching and learning?
How do I analyse texts for teaching reading within an effective literacy program?
Getting Started:
What are texts? Attached is a PowerPoint which helps introduce the concept of text as a cultural artefact. Implications are made to pedagogy. This is to illustrate how the concept of text we use affects the way we work with texts in our literacy classes. You can expand the ideas presented in the PPT and see how they would work for you in your context. The aim is that you consider the ideas presented in the PPT and, in assessment task, take a position to them. You can expand on those or take a counter view. For your assignments, use the documents attached below as conceptual guides. Browse through the literature listed below as they are texts written by prominent scholars.
What is TEXT? by Ania Lian – http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/lian.ania-2085110-text/
This document further elabortes on issues explored in the PPT: By Ania Lian, Why do people read.doc
Professor Peter Freebody, Literacy as behaviour, processing and social activity Part 1 URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJ1WRoPT1V4 PART 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLxDLgEQyMU
Readings and resources
Links to relevant texts:
Using prescribed textbooks, identify chapters with information relevant to those question and the assignments
DECS SA (2002-4). Mapping Multiliteracies, Report: URL: http://www.earlyyearsliteracy.sa.edu.au/files/links/Mapping_Multiliteracie_1.pdf
Summary of the module and the Australian Curriculum
The objective of this module was to offer students a way of looking at texts that shows a tight link between culture and language. The aim was for students to begin to consider approaching texts not as content, but as intentions. When working with literary pieces, like nursery rhymes etc., it is imperative that students approach those texts as aesthetic experiences, exploring together the language devices that authors use to make their text wonderful, fun, amazing, creative and worth reading.
This way of approaching texts allows students and teachers to engage the outcomes listed in the Australian Curriculum. As you can see, AC does not define reading as learning words and sounds. It sees it as a complex process, engaging students in learning about the world and tools which allow them to participate in this world in the most appropriate ways.
MODULE 3:
n this theme we present current research and practical examples to synthesise evidence pertaining to key aspects of effective and successful classroom practices for teaching reading. Participants will be supported through discussion, readings and examples to enable them to analyse and describe key elements from evidence based approaches to teaching reading; compare approaches and critically analyse successful teaching and learning in diverse contexts, including culturally inclusive practices and differentiated teaching and learning
Study tips for module 3:
The lectures below take us slowly to Assignment 2
Link To lecture WEEK 5 http://youtu.be/-BfoLw1HZE0
WEEK 6
with Professor Koo Yew Lie from the National University, K Lumpur
Part 1 – http://youtu.be/yDUrI2oFmU4
Part 2 – http://youtu.be/pwQVQEGySWQ
enjoy (lecture with Professor Koo Yew Lie from the National University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Link to Collaborate Week 5 SEM 1 2014 http://youtu.be/6s2CbzyWAss
PPT WEEK 6 pptx
Focus Questions for Module Three:
What critical issues and research have informed the teaching effective teaching of reading in quality literacy classrooms?
What are the stages of reading development and how do I effectively support students’ development?
How do I analyse reading programs for effectiveness?
What are the key components of an effective ‘balanced’ reading program?
Getting Started:
The main issues in research on reading Using the prescribed textbook for this unit and resources listed below identify chapters with information relevant to the question of the Module and the assignments.
In Module 2, I collected video clips that in my judgment offer a good preparation for this module. Despite differences in perspectives between different literacy models, one thing emerges as the key concern – we need to place student in the centre of our programs, not our beliefs about the student. You may ask, how could we do that? This is the challenge that literacy programs need to take on. Typically, teaching programs make assumptions about the students, and then act on those asumptions, with little concern for the reality of each and every child. A term balanced approach was coined to counteract the early methods which saw reading as a single-dimension skill. Whether the balanced programs on offer do it well or not, in principle they are correct: teachers need to see reading as engaging complex skills. Exploring and facilitaing this complexity allows children to activate a wide range of cognitive networks and process information in more than one way. As Maryanne Wolf says, children are allowed to re-organise information, not acquire.
What is interaction?
Ania Lian (2013) URL: http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/lian.ania-1750589-lecture-interaction/
Development and Piaget – Here Piage talks about his own work and how he is frequently misunderstood.
Piaget (nd) Piaget on Piaget Part 1 (Development and reading ) – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1JWr4G8YLM
Piaget (nd) Piaget on Piaget Part 1: A clip showing a child drawing a triangle – http://youtu.be/I1JWr4G8YLM?t=4m35s( This clip is a very important and illustrates the difference in how children see the world. This clicp is critical. As we mature, we forget how different the world looked when we were kids. Teachers in schools often require the right answer or the right behaviour. When children respond in an unexpected way, or dont want to respond, it is not always for the reasons teachers attribute to them. We need to make room for children’s own engagement. This means activities where children create, explore and express their relationship to the world. We do not teach literacy, we suport children in being in the world.
Readings and resources
Links to relevant texts:
Using prescribed textbooks, identify chapters with information relevant to those question and the assignments
Mason, J., Stewart, J. and C. Peterman (2007). Stages of reading development – Toward an integrated model of reading(book) 2 – 6
Mason, J., Stewart, J. and C. Peterman (2007). Integrating and Relating the Evidence to Models of Reading Toward an integrated model of reading(book) 15-18
W. Carnine|J. Silbert|E. J. Kame’enui|S. G. Tarver — Pearson Allyn Bacon Prentice Hall (2010). Stages of reading development (Chall) –http://www.education.com/reference/article/Chall-model-reading-development/
Richard Selznick, (2011). Stages of reading development (Chall) YT https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WjlQ6YIHKpc
Stanly, N. (2012). Teaching Reading Through Play: A Vygotskian Perspective https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pi31H6M_xJc
Stancock1 Channel (2011). Playing with the Postmodern: Picture Books for Multiliteracies https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tv0_fyFbwkg
A balanced literacy program https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5JTCjvsp4o
AND: “According to renowned professor Dr. Jeanne Chall, students proceed through predictable stages of learning to read. During the pre-reading stage up until about 6 years old, children begin to control language. By the time students reach kindergarten they should have some print knowledge and vocabularies of about 6,000 words. Many children can write their names.
In stage 1, children develop a sense of the alphabetic principle and use sound-spelling relationships.
Through grades 2 and 3, the second stage of reading, students develop their decoding skills, their fluency and additional strategies to make meaning from text. Stage 3, which lasts from grades 4 through 8 is a time when students encounter wide varieties of texts and contexts, and all the reading demands that accompany these experiences. They must extend their vocabularies if they are to effectively obtain information from text; the texts also extend the background experiences and strategic habits of readers.
In stages 4 and 5, through high school and college, the language and cognitive demands of readers increase, and they are expected to analyze texts critically and understand multiple points of view. By stage 5, reading is considered truly constructive, that is readers take in significant range of information and construct their own understanding for their own individual uses based on analysis and synthesis.” (Scholastic Red publication, 2002, Link)
Summary of the module
The book Toward an integrated model of reading (Mason,Peterman,Stewart,& Dunning, 2007) presents a comprehensive overview of reading development and models used for teaching reading. The book is a study of two different reading communities and its results show that children’ s early interest and involvemen in reading is one of the main predictors of their literacy success. Linking these stages with strategies emphasising communication and balanced approach to literacy are the key strategies of modern approaches to reading.
MODULE 4:
Building on the work completed in the previous theme, participants will be supported to apply knowledge of successful teaching and learning to current approaches for teaching reading. Creating a list of key principles in relation to teaching reading will enable students reflect on and deepen their understanding of the application of research to practice. This theme also provides an opportunity to develop links between reading, oral language and high order thinking skills as a part of literate classrooms and practice.
Study tips for module 4:
WEEK 7 Lecture Part 1 http://youtu.be/Lx7Ewk_S924 Part 2 : http://youtu.be/-zuA2WIsKQs
PPT & PDF Lecture for Collaborate Session pdfCollab_05_lesson02_design.pptx
Examine or save for your own records a link to:
University of Sydney ICT skills links (SmartBoard, PPT and more)http://sydney.edu.au/education_social_work/learning_teaching/ict/skills/interactive_whiteboards.shtml
Attached Files
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Focus Questions for Module Four:
What key principles should inform my reading and literacy program?
How do I design and evaluate an effective reading program?
Getting Started:
The information below offers you an overview of reading as a process and of the pedagogy of reading. Choose from the readings those which are relevant to your assignment questions.
What is reading?
In the Evolutionary Roots of the Reading Brain (link in Readings) , Professor Dr. Maryanne Wolf of Tufts University’s Center for Reading and Language Research makes two points: (1) reading is not innate, we are not born to read. AND (2) “the act of reading is vastly complex, and requires that we engage many different parts of the brain because no single area within the brain is responsible for reading”. This very statement has been a core of this unit already. In addition we also know that to facilitate reading for comprehension, we need to teach reading for comprehension. In other words, we should teach reading for communicative purposes, in activities where how students read a text will determine the outcome of the activity (not assessment but the communicative outcome). In that sense, this unit builds on a lot we have covered already. Professor Maryanne Wolf’s lecture Part 1 is included here as a core reading material, in case some of you may have missed it in the previous modules.
On page 8 of this PPT (Maryanne Wolf , The Science of the Reading Brain) http://assets.soprislearning.com/raveoresources/PDFs/FL_adoption/The_Science_of_the_Reading_Brain_Presentation.pdf the slide says that the brain changes with every word. This is very important. Traditionally, people thought that humans learn the meaning of words. But this is not what the brain scan shows. When you say one word, you activate many connections. We do not learn words, we learn their use. And we take long time to do so. It is this emphasis on the use, on communication, on purposeful engagement that is one of the main keys to successful reading.
Also, in this module attention is given to the pedagogy of reading and reading disabilities (largely dyslexia). Teh ppt about critical approach to reading has been taken from a website Teaching reading in Australia http://w3.unisa.edu.au/eds/research/TRApresentations.asp
Accelerated literacy link is provided – I am not a proponent of the model largely because of its heavy emphasis on structure, with much less concern for students’ culture (i.e. for the “compare, contrast and evaluate” learning techniques and resources enabling this kind of explorative learning). As a reuslt, texts tend to be presented as the things to read, not as an opportunity to explore and expand children’s understanding about how culture mitigates what kids understand to be a comprehensible text.
How to teach reading effectively? The links below exemplify the points made above in a greater detail. It is important that all students browse (at least) through the PPT Crtical Approach to Reading. The presentation makes a number of points important. It critiques the regulatory role of the teacher and the ways in which this role is reinforced through accepted and expected techniques of student management.
When you cannot open links, try to right-click them and open in a new window, or copy and paste the link nto your browser. Readings and resources
· Using prescribed textbooks, identify chapters with information relevant to the questions of this Module and the assignments. Also explore additional resources below:
· Teaching Reading in Australia, UniSA , URL:http://w3.unisa.edu.au/eds/research/TRApublications.aspAND http://w3.unisa.edu.au/eds/research/TRApresentations.asp
· Scientific learning (nd.). The reading brain URL: http://www.scilearn.com/results/increasing-learning-capacity/brain-science-video/
· Maryanne Wolf (2012) The Science of the Reading Brain (Part 1) URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_ephYMS16Q&feature=youtu.be&t=15m30s (copy and paste into your browser) also a PPThttp://assets.soprislearning.com/raveoresources/PDFs/FL_adoption/The_Science_of_the_Reading_Brain_Presentation.pdf
· KinaLearn.com (2010.) Dyslexia -How a dyslectic brain works, URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2CIjD1gEiE
Laurie Cestnick (2010). Visual Attention, Reading and Dyslexia URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-3LWFS5YS8 – whole lecture on the topic of children the video will start @ 25 minutes http://youtu.be/T-3LWFS5YS8?t=25m2s (copy and paste into your browser)
· dyslexiamom (2011). Spelling tecnhnique for dyslexichttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-CpZAH6elIc
Designing a reading class: A summary of the points made in the above texts (using also text from http://www.earlychildhoodaustralia.org.au/)
Using everyday texts in a literacy programPlacing emphasis on using everyday texts and talks about how she involves parents in her program. Rewarding is crtical for longterm memory While true, the concept of reward is not a sweet, but a clear feedback to a student that they did well and good things hapened as a result. In other words, if their reading is part of a communicative pruposeful activity, if they get things right, positive outcomes follow. This is the most critical aspect.
Strategies to help children read Most of all, students need to perceive the relevance of reading. The link between communication and reading must be made. All other forms of awareness and appreciation of the written word (phonological and phoneme awareness) will flow easier if children know why they are doing all this.
Teaching children about communicative purpose Create activities that can’t work without reading or writing. E.g. When engaged in creating a Class Book, how is Max to ensure that we all know that his drawing of himself is him? He can sign Max and this makes things easier. You can then enrich these communicative activities with structural activities, as shown in my lectures.
Rhymes, chants, alliteration – phonemic activitiesThese activities always have a purpose. The purpose is to belong. Kids use these on the playground and you can exploit their popularity in reading classes. For example, you can create an activity where you create an imaginary Max who does not speak English and wants to learn the rhymes. How will he do that? Kids may help you too. So instead of coming with a ready resource, you may create one with the kids. Also you can sing the chants, as we did Sheep OR two song and scramble the text on SmartBoard etc, see our last Sheep Song Activity. The benefits of language play are numerous. Language play involves having fun with the sounds of words, creating new words, and exploring and creating language patterns through rhymes, chants, and alliteration and repetitions.
Teaching children about phonemes Learning to read begins with children becoming comfortable and familiar with phonemes. They do this in lots of ways including in conversations about books, especially with alphabet and rhyming books and activities. There is a million of phonemic games online. I like the BBC ones, especially writing a postcard http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/wordsandpictures/phonics/postcard/flash/game.shtml But there is more on that site and others http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/wordsandpictures/longvow/poems/flash/fpoem1.shtml The point of those games is by tehmselves they can be boring because they are like doing maths – with left hemisphere highly overloaded. My preference is for giving time to communicative (creative) activities, then creating games related directly to the text in those activities (as in SHEEP activity) and only then when kids want to play, engage them in those phonemic drills (or any other structural exercises). By now they are warmed up , they have a clue that getting the text right is important and they can play.
see ths video:EnglishLessons4U channel , 2012, Spelling and pronunciation, URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjYKiRqFRss —- It is great as a game or an awareness exercise. But if you introduce to children a concept of difficulty, they will nevr learn the thing that you called difficult. So making fun of silent letters is appropriate at some stage. Introducing this as a very important thing is not because too muc pressure cerates stress in children.
Building children’s vocabularies and story sense Listening, reading, dramatizing, the telling and retelling of a familiar stories helps young children build their vocabularies and understand the parts of a story and how they are related. Also using vocabulary builder games is important (home, homesick, homeland, home??).
Literacy teaching and learning – From research to practice What the research says about early literacy teaching and learning – phonics, phonemic awareness, positive adult-child relationships, a print rich environment and varying teaching strategies are among the things that evidence say matter. But this should not mean start with phonics, because you will tire children. Start with creative communicative tasks and the integrate all forms of language exercise in your activities.
Read aloud – a print awareness strategy Print awareness is an important part of learning to read. But engaging with print does not have to be a book; you can begin with SmartBoards and texts played out on the screen, with children then creating books to those texts/plays. We need to be creative, and a Shared reading activity can be reved up and made more interesting that a teacher reading for 10 minutes or longer with not all kids switched on. It is through interaction that children learn ONLY. So we need to ensure that all activities have a high interactive component and so we can jazz them up as nowadays we have tools for so doing.
Dialogic reading – prompting children to read When using dialogic reading as a strategy the adult becomes the listener, the questioner and the audience for the child. The adult deliberating prompts the child through questions and help them recall what happened and anticipate and predict what might happen next. You can use this form of activity also with groups of children, does not have to be with an adult only.
Print awareness – setting up the environment The foundation of all other literacy learning builds upon print awareness. Print awareness is a child’s earliest understanding that written language carries meaning. set up your school and environment in a way that unless kids read, they cannot get things right. So for example, they may have their seats labeled with their names. Or .. you get my point.
MODULE 5:
Why leave assessment to the end, when it is one of the most important aspects of teaching and learning? Like a good book, we have to lay the foundations, the background, so we can look back making critical links to prior knowledge and view the ‘big picture’.
Assessment in reading enables teachers to make informed decisions about teaching- based on evidence and data collection. In this theme we will develop skills and knowledge that will enable participants to assess student reading and identify better pedagogic support. Many students struggle as readers. Here we seek to use knowledge of what to do to support and scaffold readers into new, effective strategies for engaging reading skills and comprehending texts.
Study tips for module 5:
Begin your preparation for Assignment Two: A resource for teaching reading
Week 9 Lecture URL: http://youtu.be/_XwU84NfDnk(a bit soft and needs loud speakers )
PPT and PDF Lecture for Collaborate Session 6Collab_06_lesson02_design(1).pdf
pptx
Focus Questions for Module 5:
How do I assess students reading and literacy development?
How do I use assessment data to inform and refine the teaching and learning context?
How do I support students ‘at risk’?
How do I establish a differentiated learning environment to support all learners?
Getting Started:
Choose from the readings those which are relevant to your assignment questions.The additional titles and links below offer a brief oveview of the subject matter.
Additional resources
Visible Learning, Professor Hattie, New Zeland, ppt 11.09.ppt
Assessment for learning in Australia http://www.assessmentforlearning.edu.au/default.asp
The assessment of reading comprehension cognitive strategies: Practices and perceptions of Western Australian teachers, 279-283http://www.alea.edu.au/documents/item/265
A brief bullet point summary http://www.slideshare.net/ewhite/assessment-literacy-effective-classroombased-assessment-presentation-907377#btnNext
MODULE 6:
Timperley (2008) states ‘The core question is, “What do we as teachers need to learn to promote the learning of our students?”’. This core question defines the relationship between teacher knowledge and student outcomes. Reflective teachers constantly up-date their knowledge and identify areas of need in their own knowledge based on students needs and to ensure quality outcomes for students. In this final theme participants move into the role of practitioner “to develop self –regulatory skills that will enable them to monitor and reflect on the effectiveness of changes they make to their practice (Timperley 2009)”. Course work will be drawn together to support students in their final assignment as they apply their knowledge and understanding to the task of creating a teaching resource.
Study tips for module 6:
Begin completing Assignment TWO
Archived SEM 1 2014 Collaborate WEEK 11 http://youtu.be/FQMSABqtONo
Lesson by Ania Lian: pptx(iPads do not work well with these games)
The school can develop a relationship with a local Aged Care Centre where children go and read to older people
Children record their readings for YT to share with other children for fun or to assist them in learning to read
Children record their animated readings to upload on YT and show off in remote places for older people to enjoy and for younger children for fun
Students record ther readings to suport children overseas who are learning English – set up a sister relationship with overseas schools
Focus Questions for Module 6:
What critical issues impact on the teaching and learning of reading in literacy rich classrooms?
What resources do teachers draw on to inform their practice?
What are the strengths and areas of need in my knowledge, understandings and skills?
Getting started
In this Module, we will spend time reflecting on what we have learnt and what questions we still have unaswered. Identify the questions which you may still have and pose tehm during the on-campus lectures or Collaborate sessions.
Suggested LINKS
Below listed are some texts which may prompt your questions or which may help you summarise your current thinking
Highland Literacy project, UK, hvlc.org.uk/hlp
Creating a Literacy-Rich Environment: http://www.mckeecths.org/download.axd?file=b2880f95-15c2-455d-9a5b-299661ff156f&dnldType=Resource
Other resources on Literacy reflective practitioner and rich environments:
A literacy rich environemn is NOT one decorated with books but one where the need for communicationis apparent and engaging.
Teacher as a leader: Research shows that few teachers see themselves as leaders. “Bottom-up” projects can be devised in schools and amazing things will happen.
As you observe K-12 classroom settings, ask yourself if they support learning as defined by 21st century literacy demands and the new standards?http://www.learningunlimitedllc.com/2013/01/literacy-rich-environments-support-the-common-core-infographic/
How contemporary is the dominance of print materials in classrooms?
Are all this print materials creating an exciting space?
In addition:
Children’s perceptions of their reading ability and epistemic roles
In monologically and dialogically organized bilingual classrooms
(Aukerman, M. ) Aukerman2013_Literacy(1).pdf
“Mounting evidence suggests that how students perceive of their own ability matters considerably to their academic achievement, to their persistence and motivation in school-related tasks, and even to their decision-making about college and career goals (Bandura, Barbaranelli, Caprara, & Pastorelli, 2001; Guthrie, Coddington, & Wigfield, 2009; Usher & Pajares, 2008). Negative self-beliefs about reading ability may be particularly destructive, as these can spur students to disengage from reading for fear that perceived weaknesses will become public, potentially fueling a vicious cycle where students lose experiences with texts that could strengthen both their confidence in their reading and the very abilities they feel they lack (Hall, 2009). Conversely, positive reading self-efficacy beliefs appear to move students toward habits of heart and mind that make them “lifelong readers” who want to read for a range of aesthetic and utilitarian purposes (Guthrie, et al., 2009, p. 320).
Self-perceptions of ability are powerfully shaped by experience and appear to be malleable (Hall, 2012; Johnson, 2005; Usher & Pajares, 2008), suggesting that students’ experiences in the classroom can have important lasting effects on how they think of themselves as readers. Yet, for all the apparent malleability, schools have not yet harnessed effective ways to support students’ perceptions of their reading ability across time. To the contrary, children’s perceived reading self-efficacy generally declines between the ages of 8 and 12, even as their actual reading achievement improves (J. Smith, Smith, Gilmore, & Jameson, 2012). The nature of the instruction students receive in school has been hypothesized to play a major role in this decline, as it does in other subject domains such as mathematics (Usher, 2009).
In most reading classrooms, there is a pervasive emphasis on transmission of understandings, and students primarily answer questions posed to assess what they know about the text. Nystrand (1997) describes such teaching as monologically organized instruction. In monologically organized classrooms, teachers typicallyinitiate with a question, students respond, and teachers evaluate student answers (Mehan, 1979). This traditional IRE pattern of discourse has a strong historical legacy, and remains the “default pattern” in classrooms today (Cazden, 2001, p. 53), even when teachers engage in discussions (Nystrand & Gamoran, 1991). In monologically organized classrooms, the teacher poses questions and offers textual explanations that steer students toward answers sanctioned by the teacher; consequently, the discourse is teacher-dominated. Students, in turn, typically look to the teacher for confirmation that they have correct textual understandings, and seldom dialogue directly with each other about what the text might mean.
In other classrooms, notably rarer, the emphasis is on constructing understandings through dialogue, and the students and teacher talk through ideas together.
00JohnJohn2019-07-08 11:49:172019-07-08 11:49:21Students are expected to create a resource for teaching reading in a context of their choice. The resource should be written in PowerPoint, and should include the following key components:
Topic 6 option “Neoliberal economic policy and strategies – challenge or opportunity for the Australian public health care system?” Discuss this question in the following manner: • Firstly, identify a neoliberal economic strategy that has been proposed or implemented within the Australian health care delivery system in recent years (or months). The strategy I would like to use is Private Hospital Insurance Rebate and the Medicare Levy Surcharge that are provided through the Australian Taxation System • Discuss the strategy’s application in relation to a range of theory and issues raised in this topic. (Select at least four readings from this topic that you consider relevant to your issue). • Potential orientations here to consider include the effects on either health professionals, clients or population health generally. • Also briefly consider feasible solutions to the challenges you identify. You are encouraged to draw mainly on the readings from this topic to compose your discussion. You can supplement this with other evidence as necessary from the academic literature. Deep rather than broad analysis of your topic is required.
6.2 Readings 3. Gabe J. Privatisation. In: Gabe J, Monaghan LF, eds. Key Concepts in Medical Sociology. 2nd ed. London, U.K.:Sage Publications; 2013:195-198. 4. Gabe J. Managerialism. In: Gabe J, Monaghan LF, eds. Key Concepts in Medical Sociology. 2nd ed. London, U.K.:Sage Publications; 2013:198-203. 5. Gabe J. Consumerism. In: Gabe J, Monaghan LF, eds. Key Concepts in Medical Sociology. 2nd ed. London, U.K.:Sage Publications; 2013:203-207. 6. Clegg S. Bureaucracy. Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology. http://www.credoreference.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/entry/cupsoc/bureaucracy Published 2006. Accessed May 4, 2015. 7. Holmwood J. Social Systems Theory. Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology. http://www.credoreference.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/entry/cupsoc/social_systems_theory Published 2006. Accessed May 4, 2015. 9. Leischow SJ, Milstein, B. Systems thinking and modelling for public health practice. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(3):403-405. 10. Plsek PE, Greenhalgh T. Complexity science: the challenge of complexity in health care. Brit Med J. 2001;323:625-628. 11. Wilson T, Holt T. Complexity and clinical care. Brit Med J. 2001;323:685- 688. 14. Lansing JS. Complex adaptive systems. Annu Rev Anthropol. 2003;32:183- 204. 15. Germov J. Managerialism in the Australian public health sector: towards the hyper-rationalisation of professional bureaucracies. Sociol Health Ill. 2005;27(6), 738 – 758. 16. McGregor S. Neoliberalism and health care. Int J Consum Stud. 2001;25(2), 82 – 89. 18. Collyer F, White K. Enter the market: competition, regulation and hospital funding in Australia. Aust NZ J Sociol. 1997;33(3):344-363. 20. Collyer F, White K. The Privatisation of Medicare and the National Health Service, and the Global Marketisation of Healthcare Systems. Health Sociol Rev. 2011;20(3):238-244. 21. Si D, Bailie R, Connors C, et al. Assessing health centre systems for guiding improvements in diabetes care. BMC Health Serv Res. 2005;5(56). Optional: 23. Reifer, Thomas. World systems analysis. Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology. http://www.credoreference.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/entry/cupsoc/world_systems_ analysis Published 2006. Accessed May 4, 2015. 25. Pocock HS, Phua KH. Medical tourism and policy implications for health systems: a conceptual framework from a comparative study of Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia. Global Health. 2011;7:12.
00JohnJohn2019-07-08 11:42:392019-07-08 11:42:42Neoliberal economic policy and strategies – challenge or opportunity for the Australian public health care system?
