Describe the major differences between acute pain and chronic pain, and how they would be treated differently.

Write at least 1,300 words addressing: PLEASE APA format on citations as well

  • Describe the major differences between acute pain and chronic pain, and how they would be treated differently.
  • Explain the gate-control theory of pain and how this helps us understand chronic pain.
  • Describe how you would measure pain.
  • Describe the differences between nociception, pain, pain behavior, and suffering. Find and illustrate examples of how people can have nociception without pain, pain without pain behavior, and pain without suffering.
  • Explain how psychological states such as anxiety and depression influence the development of chronic pain.
  • What has been reported in the literature about sociocultural differences in pain perception?

Choose a place to observe where you can see and hear but are unobtrusive.

Application: Child-Centered Curriculum: Program Perspective

The ability to create and maintain effective early childhood education programs that support and engage every child requires knowledge of individual children;knowledge of quality environmental design and strategies; and the ability to ensure that children relate to, engage in, and benefit from learning and play opportunities fueled by their passion and imagination. Creating such child-centered environments and curriculum in which play and discovery maintain an integral role in fostering healthy development and learning requires understanding the components of each of these practices as well as their effective application. In this Application Assignment, you will apply what you have been learning to an observation, interview, and reflection in an authentic early childhood education setting.

Plan

  • Print out and review the Child-Centered Classroom Assessment and Interview Form.
  • Add two factors that you believe will help you better assess the program and practices.
  • Review the interview portion of the assignment, making sure you fully understand each question prior to making your observation/interview appointment.
  • Make sure that you have all materials that you need to conduct the observation and interview prior to arriving at the scheduled observation/interview time. Keep in mind when scheduling your observation that in order to observe interactions with families, it is important to schedule your observation during a period of time when families will be present.
  • Arrive on time.

Implement

  • Choose a place to observe where you can see and hear but are unobtrusive.
  • Conduct the interview in an area that is convenient for the professional, being respectful of his or her time schedule.
  • Keep the following observation guidelines in mind:
    • Try to not make assumptions; objectivity is essential.
    • Record what you observe.
    • Note any questions you would like to ask in the interview.
    • Remember that you are observing one moment in time and so are not privy to specific circumstances and/or situations that may be affecting individual children or staff.
    • Try to keep to the time span that you agreed upon for the observation and be sure to thank the teacher(s) in the room and the person you interview.

Reflect on your observation and interview. Review your notes and consider the knowledge and insights you gained from this experience. Include the following:

  • Summarize your observation and interview experience.
  • Describe the ways in which what you learned from your observation and interview reflected and/or contradicted what you have learned about effective programs and practice with regard to child-centered curriculum and play/discovery learning.
  • Based on your assessment of the program’s effectiveness, what practices do you feel should be continued? What additional suggestions would you make? What is your rationale for these suggestions?

For this assignment, submit:

  • Your completed Child-Centered Classroom Assessment and Interview Form
  • Your Reflection, citing specific examples from your observation and interview

Submit this assignment by Sunday of this week.

 

  • Article: Walsh, G., & Gardner, J. (2005). Assessing the quality of early years learning environments. Early Childhood Research and Practice, 7(1). Retrieved from http://ecrp.uiuc.edu/v7n1/walsh.html
  • Article: Katz, L. (1993). Dispositions: Definitions and implications for early childhood practice. Retrieved fromhttp://ceep.crc.uiuc.edu/eecearchive/books/disposit.html

Does the study take individual differences in spatial ability into account?

In this assignment, you will read an article about the Mozart effect and identify various parts of the research process. This exercise will help you learn how to read a research article and to understand the research process.

Read the following article:

  • Rauscher, F. H., Shaw, G. L., & Ky, K. N. (1993). Music and spatial task performance. Nature, 365. 6447: 611. (October 14, 1993). (ProQuest Document ID 76004658).

In your article summary, respond to the following questions:

  • State the research hypothesis in your own words. Identify the independent and dependent variables.
  • What were some variables the researchers controlled in their study? Why was this necessary?
  • What evidence do the researchers offer as a test of their hypothesis? Is this evidence empirical (observable)? Is it valid?
  • What explanation do the researchers offer for their findings? Does the evidence justify this explanation?

Read the following article:

Jenkins, J.S. (2001). The Mozart effect. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94, 170-172.

Based on your readings, respond to the following:

  • Do you think there is any merit in the study (Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky, 1993)? Give three reasons for your position.
  • Does the study take individual differences in spatial ability into account? Explain your answer.
  • What are two ways in which the experiment could be modified to make the results more generalizable?

Write a 5–6-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources

Explain two differences between the dual modes of social cognitive processing.

Application: Dual Modes of Social Cognitive Processing

Understanding the dual modes of social cognitive processing requires a thorough understanding of the current literature. Many fields outside of social psychology also apply research methods designed to study dual modes of social cognitive processing, such as when marketing research examines the impact of subliminal message priming on consumer behavior. It is interesting to see how these social cognitive processes appear every day.

For this Application Assignment, use the Walden Library to locate an article within a field of your choice which examines automatic or controlled social cognitive processing. Consider the differences between the dual modes of processing and how each is likely to occur. Also, in summarizing this study, include which social cognitive process was examined, how the social cognitive process was studied, and what was found as a result of this research.

The assignment (2 pages)

Explain two differences between the dual modes of social cognitive processing.
Explain when conscious/controlled social cognitive processing is more likely to occur than unconscious/automatic social cognitive processing.
Using the current literature, select a peer reviewed article that describes an empirical research study measuring a conscious or an unconscious social cognitive process within a work environment (e.g., health, legal, education, public administration, marketing, organizational).
Summarize the article and explain which of the two social cognitive processes (conscious, unconscious) is demonstrated in the article and how. Include a description of how the social cognitive process was studied and the results of this research.