Testing Hypotheses For Means

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Please Read Carefully!

This week you have explored three different approaches to t tests. By this point, you know that each test has assumptions about the data and type of research questions it can answer. For this Assignment, you will be provided with three scenarios. As you read the scenarios, be sure and think about aligning the appropriate t test with the question. Consider whether the data are independent samples and if two samples are being compared.

To prepare for this Assignment:

  • Review the Learning Resources and the media programs related to t tests.
  • For additional support, review the Skill Builder: Research Design and Statistical Design and the Skill Builder: Hypothesis Testing for Independent Samples t-test, which you can find by navigating back to your Blackboard Course Home Page. From there, locate the Skill Builder link in the left navigation pane.
  • Also, review the t test scenarios found in this week’s Learning Resources and consider the three different approaches of t tests:
    • Independent sample t test
    • Paired sample t test
    • One sample t test
  • Based on each of the three research scenarios provided, open the High School Longitudinal Study dataset or the Afrobarometer dataset from this week’s Learning Resources using SPSS software, then choose and run the appropriate t test.
  • Once you perform your t test analyses, review Chapter 11 of the Wagner text to understand how to copy and paste your output into your Word document.

 

For this Assignment:

Write a 2 to 3-paragraph analysis of your t test results for each research scenario and include the SPSS syntax and output.  If you are using the Afrobarometer Dataset, report the mean of Q1 (Age). If you are using the HS Long Survey Dataset, report the mean of X1SES. Do not forget to evaluate if the t test assumptions are met, justify the selection of type of t test, and report the effect size. Based on your results, provide an explanation of what the implications of social change might be.

Use proper APA format, citations, and referencing for your analysis, research questions, and output.

 

Frankfort-Nachmias, C., Leon-Guerrero, A., & Davis, G. (2020). Social statistics for a diverse society (9th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

  • Chapter 8, “Testing Hypothesis” (pp. 243-279)

Wagner, III, W. E. (2020). Using IBM® SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

  • Chapter 6, “Testing Hypotheses Using Means and Cross-Tabulation” (previously read in Week 5)
  • Chapter 11, “Editing Output” (previously read in Week 2, 3, and 4)

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/rsch8210

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Week 6

Scenarios 1. As an international development researcher, you would like to know African Citizen’s

perceptions about current levels of democracy. Your working hypothesis is that a series of reforms have increased African views of the level of democracy today. You do not have a good research design to compare attitudes before and after the reforms, but know that leaders and development experts would like to see a value of 6, on the scale of 1–10. Using the data from the 2015 Afrobarometer, determine whether perceptions about current levels of democracy statistically differ from a value of 6. Please provide: a 1–2 APA style paragraph statement that furnishes an answer to this question, note the relevant statistics, comment on meaningfulness and include your relevant SPSS output.

2. As an international development researcher, you have already tested whether perceptions about the current levels of democracy differ from a value of 6. Given recent social change movements in North Africa, you now want to determine whether there is a statistical difference in these perceptions between North Africa and Southern Africa. Using the data from the 2015 Afrobarometer, please provide: a 1–2 APA style paragraph statement that furnishes an answer to this question, note the relevant statistics, comment on meaningfulness, and include your relevant SPSS output.

3. As an educational researcher, would like to know whether high school student’s perceptions about mathematical utility changed between their freshman and senior year. Each respondent is asked the same series of questions about the utility of mathematics in their future during their freshman and senior year. These questions are combined to form one variable of mathematical utility; higher values indicate higher levels of mathematical utility. Using the High School Longitudinal Survey, please provide: a 1–2 APA style paragraph statement that furnishes an answer to this question, note the relevant statistics, comment on meaningfulness, and include your relevant SPSS output.

Homicide Intervention Case Study

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COU 680 Week Seven Case Study: Will Will is a 34-year-old biracial (Caucasian and Hispanic) male who you have been seeing for about a month. Will first came to see you to address the problems in his relationship with his husband, James— most specifically his feelings of jealousy and anger, which he believed were creating a wedge between them. Today, Will has booked an emergency session with you after discovering that James is actually having an affair with his boss. Will is presenting as highly agitated and is unable to sit still, popping up frequently and pacing the room. He vacillates between anger at James, anger at himself, and severe sadness at the thought of losing James—becoming tearful and curling into a ball on the floor. He states that he is “losing [his] mind with anger” and wants to go to the address he found to confront James and his boss.

History Will and James have had a tumultuous history. They dated off and on for roughly three years before ultimately deciding to get married. Almost every breakup stemmed from Will’s jealousy and fear that James was being unfaithful to him. During this time, James always denied cheating and cheating could never be verified. After several months apart, the two would ultimately reconcile with the promise that Will would seek help for his jealousy and past relational experiences that were creating the mistrust. After the last breakup, Will agreed to get into counseling to work on these issues and did for a short period of time. Things smoothed out with him and James, and after nine months of a healthy relationship, they decided to get married. According to Will, the marriage has been largely healthy and happy. However, he noticed this was starting to change a couple of months ago: James was having to work more and more, which left little time for them together and had been triggering Will’s fears. In an attempt to be proactive about his jealousy, he decided to come back to counseling and has been working on healthy communication strategies up to this point. He denies any physical violence with James in the past, although he acknowledges that they are both emotionally and verbally abusive in fights. He also states that he feels “out of control” at the idea of losing James. Today, Will discovered the affair by accident. He was unable to locate his phone and used his iPad’s “Find my Phone” feature to track it down. What he found, instead, was the location of James’s phone, which was linked to the iPad feature and showed an address that was not James’s office. After researching the address, Will discovered it was the address of James’s new boss. Will immediately began searching through social media and discovered the affair.

Developmental Considerations Will was raised by a single mother who showed him inconsistent attention as a child and who was regularly in and out of the home. As a result, Will was frequently left in the care of his maternal grandmother. They had a close relationship, and Will reports seeing her as the “real mother figure” in his life. However, she passed away suddenly when Will was 20 years old. This impacted him greatly and is a loss he reports he has never really gotten over.

 

 

 

Relational Considerations Will describes being cheated on in all of his past relationships and feeling “abandoned” as a result. He states that he grew angry over time and came to see cheating as an expectation of any relationship. As a result, he often pushed his partners away through angry and jealous outbursts or by cheating first. He claims that it was not until he met James that he believed someone could truly love him and accept him.

Multicultural Considerations Will came out as gay when he was 12 years old. He reports that his mother often ridiculed him for this, but he felt safety and comfort in his grandmother’s acceptance of him. Will notes that he did not have any intimate relationships until the end of high school, as he felt too afraid to put himself out there and was fearful that he would not be accepted. Will further acknowledges some identity issues related to his biracial heritage. He was raised by his Hispanic mother and grandmother, but never knew his Caucasian father. He states that he predominantly identifies as Hispanic and was raised in this culture, but he “looks white.” He reports that he hasn’t been sure of who he is as a “Hispanic, white, gay man,” which has caused him a great deal of insecurity.

Diagnosis Will is coming in during a state of crisis where he is driven by his emotional reactions rather than reason. While his symptoms may dissipate and be reflective of a typical grief or bereavement process, his current presentation is consistent with symptom of adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

 

Reference

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.).

Washington, DC: Author.

Provide specific examples that illustrate the absence of empathy-related skills.

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To Prepare

  • Using the Walden Library or internet sources, research a current or historical example where leaders or decision makers did not demonstrate sufficient empathy or empathic skills related to trauma, culture, and confrontation.

By Day 7

Write a 2-page paper analyzing a current or historical example where leaders or decision makers did not demonstrate sufficient empathy or empathic skills related to trauma, culture, and confrontation. Be sure to do the following:

  • Describe the event.
  • Provide specific examples that illustrate the absence of empathy-related skills.
  • Explain what leaders or decision makers could have done differently. Justify your response.
  • Explain the potential consequences of a human services professional practitioner displaying a similar lack of empathy. How might that impact the service user they are working with as well as the larger society?
  • Use the Learning Resources to support your analysis.

Final Project: Scholar Practitioner Project

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Final Project: Scholar Practitioner Project

For your SPP, you prepare a case study of Marge, the client presented in the media pieces throughout the course.

· Your case study consists of two sections: A narrative case study section and an addiction treatment plan section.

· The narrative case study section is written using the required APA style. You use the “Instructions for Scholar Practitioner Project (SPP) Case Study” as a guide for the narrative section of your case study and include at a minimum the 18 elements presented in this document.

· Your addiction treatment plan section follows the “SPP Treatment Plan Template” introduced in your Assignment for Week 5.

See the “Instructions for Scholar Practitioner Project (SPP) Case Study” and “SPP Treatment Plan Template” documents located in the resources this week for complete information on the Project.

By Day 7

Submit your complete Scholar Practitioner Project

Final Project: Scholar Practitioner Project

 

For your SPP, you prepare a case study of Marge, the client presented in the media pieces throughout the course.

· Your case study consists of two sections: A narrative case study section and an addiction treatment plan section.

· The narrative case study section is written using the required APA style. You use the “Instructions for Scholar Practitioner Project (SPP) Case Study” as a guide for the narrative section of your case study and include at a minimum the 18 elements presented in this document.

· Your addiction treatment plan section follows the “SPP Treatment Plan Template” introduced in your Assignment for Week 5.

See the “Instructions for Scholar Practitioner Project (SPP) Case Study” and “SPP Treatment Plan Template” documents located in the resources this week for complete information on the Project.

By Day 7

Submit your complete Scholar Practitioner Project