explain how these assumptions lend themselves to one or more research approaches.

 

How does the lens from which you view the world shape your approach to research inquiry? Why is it important as a scholar-practitioner engaged in research to acknowledge your worldview?

The Learning Resources in this first week will help you answer these questions, and they will provide you with a foundation in the philosophy of science that will help you appreciate various research designs and methods. With this foundation, you will be encouraged to reflect on how your assumptions about the acquisition of truth and the nature of the world influence your approach to the research process.

For this Discussion, you will identify an area of interest for a possible research topic. As you read about the different philosophical orientations in this week’s readings, consider if one of these orientations most closely aligns with your worldview and a particular approach to research.

With these thoughts in mind:

By Day 4

Post a brief description of your topic of research interest. Next, state the philosophical orientation that reflects your worldview and explain the epistemological and ontological assumptions of this orientation. Then, explain how these assumptions lend themselves to one or more research approaches.

RESOURCES FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT; Babbie, E. (2017). Basics of social research (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

  • Chapter 1, “Human Inquiry and Science”

Burkholder, G. J., Cox, K. A., & Crawford, L. M. (2016). The scholar-practitioner’s guide to research design. Baltimore, MD: Laureate Publishing.

  • Chapter 2, “Philosophical Foundations and the      Role of Theory in Research”

Which one of the following statements best characterizes current thinking regarding adherence to theoretical models to explain and treat psychological disorders?

Question 1 of 20
5.0 Points
An advantage of the structured interview over the unstructured interview is that:

A. structured interviews generally require a great deal of skill and expertise to administer.
B. structured interviews can be objectively scored.
C. the administration of structured interviews requires extensive training.
D. administration of structured interviews varies significantly from clinician to clinician.

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Question 2 of 20
5.0 Points
__________ is not one of the areas of functioning assessed by the mental status examination.

A. Behavior
B. Content of thought
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Motivation

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Question 3 of 20
5.0 Points
Delusions of thought broadcasting usually involve the idea that:

A. thoughts are being removed from one’s head.
B. one is to blame for terrible things happening in the world.
C. one’s lover is being unfaithful.
D. thoughts are being transmitted to others.

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Question 4 of 20
5.0 Points
Which one of the following areas assessed during a mental status exam is primarily relevant in terms of understanding a client’s receptivity to treatment?

A. Sense of self/motivation
B. Insight/judgment
C. Affect/mood
D. Thinking style/language

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Question 5 of 20
5.0 Points
Intelligent quotient was originally interpreted as:

A. mental age compared to chronological age.
B. socioeconomic status compared to educational level.
C. emotional maturity compared to chronological age.
D. mental age compared to cognitive development.

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Question 6 of 20
5.0 Points
A high __________ may interfere with a person’s ability to answers and perform the tasks on the WAIS-III.

A. need for achievement
B. attention span
C. level of self esteem
D. level of anxiety

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Question 7 of 20
5.0 Points
Projective tests are most commonly associated with approaches that focus on:

A. overt behavior.
B. faulty cognitions.
C. unconscious determinants of behavior.
D. humanistic issues.

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Question 8 of 20
5.0 Points
The person taking the TAT is asked to:

A. keep a running log of behaviors for a week.
B. draw a picture of his or her family engaging in some everyday activity.
C. answer several fill-in-the-blank questions.
D. tell a story about the scene shown on the card.

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Question 9 of 20
5.0 Points
Since some natural settings do not lend themselves to unobtrusive observation, many clinicians utilize the technique of __________ observation(s).

A. analog
B. self-report
C. electrodermal
D. in vivo

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Question 10 of 20
5.0 Points
Why are theories important to the understanding of abnormal behavior?

A. Theories are critical for proper diagnosis and assessment of psychological conditions.
B. The majority of DSM-IV-TR is based on concepts implicit in psychodynamic theory.
C. Theories offer perspectives on the possible causes of abnormal psychological functioning.
D. Theories are crucial for adequate placement of individuals suffering from psychological conditions.

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Question 11 of 20
5.0 Points
The main goal of traditional psychoanalytic treatment is to:

A. provide a therapeutic atmosphere of genuineness.
B. resolve psychosocial crises.
C. develop new ways of dealing with problematic thinking patterns.
D. bring repressed unconscious material into conscious awareness.

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Question 12 of 20
5.0 Points
According to object relations theorists, the purpose of therapy is to:

A. reverse the destructive processes of early relationships by providing a new relationship for the client.
B. demonstrate the incongruence between real and ideal self that leads to psychological disturbance.
C. discover unconscious conflicts which are at the heart of the client’s psychological disorder.
D. help the client develop better defense mechanisms in order to cope with unconscious impulses.

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Question 13 of 20
5.0 Points
Which one of the following is the basic premise underlying Maslow’s conceptualization of the hierarchy of needs?

A. Psychological needs must be met before physical needs.
B. Lower order needs on the hierarchy must be fulfilled before higher needs.
C. Lower order needs can only be met if a person is in a state of congruence.
D. Self-actualization can occur without fulfillment of deficit needs.

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Question 14 of 20
5.0 Points
Minuchin’s structural approach is a way of looking at families that considers the:

A. pattern of communications among family members.
B. feelings of the identified client.
C. amount of positive regard that is demonstrated in a family.
D. roles of the parents and children and the boundaries between generations.

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Question 15 of 20
5.0 Points
Your dog’s behavior of running into the kitchen when he hears the can opener is a/an:

A. unconditioned response.
B. conditioned response.
C. conditioned stimulus.
D. unconditioned stimulus.

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Question 16 of 20
5.0 Points
Money is an example of a/an __________ reinforcer.

A. secondary
B. intrinsic
C. primary
D. negative

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Question 17 of 20
5.0 Points
Which one of the following statements best characterizes the role social learning plays in the development of psychological disorders?

A. Individuals can learn maladaptive behavior patterns through vicarious reinforcement.
B. People can model appropriate behaviors for individuals who suffer from psychological disorders.
C. Shaping maladaptive behaviors is more difficult through modeling.
D. Unconscious conflicts are modeled through television and the media.

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Question 18 of 20
5.0 Points
Suzanne gets a plastic bingo chip after she completes her work. After accumulating five bingo chips, she is allowed to trade them in for a treat from the goody box. Suzanne’s behavior is being changed by the use of a:

A. hierarchy of needs.
B. conditioned stimulus.
C. negative reinforcement.
D. token economy.

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Question 19 of 20
5.0 Points
Excesses of which neurotransmitter are related to schizophrenia, while diminished amounts are associated with Parkinson’s disease?

A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. GABA
D. Norepinephrine

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Question 20 of 20
5.0 Points
Which one of the following statements best characterizes current thinking regarding adherence to theoretical models to explain and treat psychological disorders?

A. There is a current shift toward the utilization of humanistic approaches to the understanding and treatment of all psychological disorders.
B. Most therapists currently adhere to one particular theoretical model to understand and treat psychological disorders.
C. There has been a shift on the part of individual therapists towards integrating different theoretical models to treat disorders.
D. Different therapists rely on different theoretical models, but currently no one utilizes psychodynamic principles in the treatment of disorders.

In phase one of the discussion, you will be tasked with presenting your researched information into a video or written presentation answering the questions below, while also considering your response and symptom presentation from weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

Throughout the discussions in this course we will be focusing on one single condition; gradually unfolding week by week how this condition can grossly affect the entire human body and its systems.

The goal of the course discussions is primarily, to build upon the skill of differential diagnosis and secondary, to give a clear view as to how a single pathological process can possess the ability to affect an entire human organism.

Each week you will be presented with varying components of a new system being adversely affected by the unidentified condition. Your task as a healthcare professional in training, is to thoroughly research and envelop yourself within the process of differential diagnosis to arrive at a definitive diagnosis at the end of the course in week 8.

In phase one of the discussion, you will be tasked with presenting your researched information into a video or written presentation answering the questions below, while also considering your response and symptom presentation from weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

Written presentations should be a minimum of 2-3 paragraphs per each diagnosed condition (3 conditions minimum).

Symptom Presentation:

  • Adrenalin: Increased epinephrine (catecholamine production) from the adrenal medulla
  • Heart Rate: Increased resting heart rate with intermittent bursts of arrhythmia
  • Blood Pressure: Systemic hypertension reported over the past 8 months
  • Hypertensive Retinopathy: arteriolar constriction, vascular wall changes, cotton-wool spots, yellow hard exudates, and optic disk edema

Previously, you researched and considered three conditions through the process of differential diagnosis that would present with varying abnormalities in homeostasis, metabolism, triglycerides and DNA in week 1. Abnormalities in oxidation, plasma and tissue enzyme activity, inflammation and alopecia respectively in week 2. Increased cortisol and demonstrated bone loss in week 3. Fibromyalgia and muscle atrophy in week 4. Increased glutamate and memory loss in week 5 and neurogenic inflammation in week 6. Given the new symptom presentation above, consider and answer the following questions.

Explain how this research is important to the study of knowledge representation.

PART1-  SEMANTIC MEMORY

Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:

As discussed in your readings, semantic memory is a database of general knowledge that enables individuals to successfully interact with the world around them. Semantic networks help individuals to establish relationships among words, which aids in word recognition. Based on your understanding of semantic memory and semantic networks, I would like for you to select a topic and create an example of a semantic network based on your topic.

PART2– Develope a poster session that depicts conceptual processing. Refer to the Poster Session Example document for inspiration. YOU WILL NOT HAVE TO COMPLETE THE ENTIRE POSTER ONLY ONE OR TWO PARTS

Include the following in your poster session:

  • Explain five types of cognitive processes.
  • Cite and explain a research study that applies to each process.
  • Explain how this research is important to the study of knowledge representation.

PART3- Write a 500- to 700-word magazine article that discusses visual imagery. Include the following in your article:

  • A contrast of verbal and visual imagery
  • An argument about which of these you consider most important
  • A justification of your argument with research

Include at least three scholarly articles.