Research Outline, Abstract, Bibliography

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Paper Outline, Abstract, and Full Bibliography

For this assignment you will turn in the outline for your paper (a version of it will become your Table of Contents in the final paper, with dot leaders and page numbers).   Your outline should be specific enough to guide you in your research and to show the reader how the paper will be structured.  It needs more detail than points that read merely  “Biblical Foundations” “Arguments in Favor” “Arguments Against” etc.  (such an outline indicates that you have not been reading and researching your topic–you don’t want to leave that impressions).  Be detailed.

The Abstract should be typed in Times New Roman, 12 point font, and double spaced.  (It need not have footnotes–and shouldn’t.) It should be a summary of the paper.  Here is an example of an abstract for a paper on another topic (not ethics):

This paper will begin with a survey of the historical background of Rastafarianism, in African and Traditional Caribbean Religions.  It will then set this religion within it context, focusing particularly on the influence of colonial domination on the development of Rastafarian belief.  The paper will end with a critical evaluation of key Rastafarian doctrines from a biblical perspective.

Notice how easy it is to tell what the paper will be about (though no details are found.  One can imagine what the outline might look like–an Introduction, a section on African religions, a section on Caribbean religions, a section on Rastafarian teaching in its modern context, and a biblically based evaluation.  If the researcher has worked diligently up to this point, each of those sections will have two to four main points under them in the outline.

Finally, you will include the full bibliography. By week six you should have found most, if not all, of the sources you intend to use in your paper.  List these in a properly formatted (Turabian style) bibliography.   (If, in fact you end up using a couple of other sources, as you complete the paper, it is alright to add those sources to the bibliography when you produce the final paper in week eight.).

All of this should be in a single document, in Times New Roman 12 point font.

  • THEO 650 Paper Outline, Abstract, and Bibliography Grading Rubric
    Criteria Levels of Achievement
    Content 70% Advanced 92-100% (A) Proficient 84-91% (B) Developing 1-83% (< C) Not present
    Outline and Abstract 81 to 88 points

     

    The assignment contains an outline of the paper developing from the student’s approved topic, along with an abstract explaining what the paper will argue or prove. The ideas outlined support the abstract and thesis of the paper.

     

    		 74 to 80 points

     

    The assignment contains an outline of the paper and an abstract. The abstract statement is cogent and generally aligns with the outline; however, some points are unclear and need revision.

     

    		 1 to 73 points

     

    The assignment contains an outline of the paper and an abstract. The abstract is unclear, and the topic is too broad, or the points of the outline do not support what the paper seeks to argue or prove.

     

    		 0 points

     

     
    Structure 30% Advanced 92-100% (A) Proficient 84-91% (B) Developing 1-83% (< C) Not present
    Grammar and Spelling 10 points

     

    Assignment contains fewer than 2 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content.

    		 8 to 9 points

     

    Assignment contains 3-4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content.

    		 1 to 7 points

     

    Assignment contains 5 or more errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content.

    		 0 points

     

     
    Bibliography and Turabian Requirements 25 to 27 points

     

    Bibliography contains a minimum of 10 scholarly, relevant sources.

    Minimal errors (1-2) noted in the interpretation or execution of proper Turabian format.

    		 23 to 24 points

     

    Bibliography contains 8-9 scholarly, relevant sources. Few errors (3-4) noted in the interpretation or execution of proper Turabian format

    		 1 to 22 points

     

    Bibliography contains 7 or fewer scholarly, relevant sources. Numerous errors (5+) noted in the interpretation or execution of proper Turabian format.

    		 0 p

A discussion of how medical monitoring and empirical research have supported Freud’s drive theory.

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The Future of Freud

Please! No Plagiarized Assignment

Freudian theory continued to evolve even as Neo-Freudian theories continued to emerge. Today, Freudian ideas still provide a foundation for modern psychology and research though some appear in a significantly different form. In this assignment, you will address how modern research and empirical study may validate Freudian theory and how Freudian theory continues to influence modern psychology. You will also explore how Freudian and Neo-Freudian theories address the general problems explored in the field of psychology.

General Requirements:
Use the following information to ensure successful completion of the assignment:

· This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

· Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments.

· Refer to Chapters 2-4 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.) for specific guidelines related to doctoral level writing. These chapters contain essential information on manuscript structure and content, clear and concise writing, and academic grammar and usage.

· This assignment requires that at least two additional scholarly research sources related to this topic, and at least one in-text citation from each source be included.

· You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

Directions:

Write a paper (1,500-1,750 words) in which you address how modern research and empirical study may validate Freudian theory and how Freudian theory continues to influence modern psychology. Include the following in your paper:

1. A discussion of how medical monitoring and empirical research have supported Freud’s drive theory.

2. A discussion of why psychoanalysis is still questioned in scientific circles.

3. A discussion of the general problems explored in the field of psychology.

4. A discussion of how Freudian and Neo-Freudian theories attempt to address these problems.

5. A discussion of what still needs to be explored in the field of psychology in order to more adequately address these problems.

Discussion: Purposeful Sampling And Saturation

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The research team met again to consider data sources. A research consultant facilitated the discussion and identified issues to be addressed in order for the results to be credible. Three key areas needed further study before they went into the field. These areas included:

1. How is the program positioned in the community, particularly regarding trust, diversity, and access? (Or as one team member said, “How do we see ‘them’? And, how do we think they ‘see’ us?”)

This issue initiated an action plan for an organizational self-study to produce reflexive data before, during, and after field data collection.

2. What data sources would best answer the research questions?

Multiple sources, including families who had used program services as well as those that did not; field observations (going out into neighborhoods to become acquainted with local, non-professional resources); and the materials collected from the self-study. 

3. How many participants should be included in the sample?
The consultant clarified that the purpose of the sample was not to generalize to the target population—so bigger is not better. Rather, the team was encouraged to focus on selecting typical cases—homogenous, sub-groups—in order to efficiently saturate and develop a “solid understanding” (Guest, Bunce & Johnson, 2006, p. 77) of the phenomenon of the childcare experience in this community. The saturation goal means that the sample process is emergent and may change as the data become available. 

As you can see in the ongoing scenario, before venturing out into the field, researchers must consider how they will manage credibility of the data. As a qualitative researcher, you too will have to address the sources of data as well as your credibility.

For this week, you will examine research questions, explore qualitative research design, and consider purposeful sampling and saturation as a qualitative researcher.

The answer lies in how clearly you articulate the criteria for selecting data sources; (b) your ability to purposefully select cases; and (c) the extent to which those cases are “information-rich… for in-depth study” (Patton, 2015, p. 264) with respect to the purpose of the study.

As you prepare for this week’s Discussion, consider turning your attention to the variety of purposeful sampling strategies you may consider in developing your research plan. Also consider that qualitative researchers seek a threshold or cut-off point for when to stop collecting data. There is no magic number (although there are guidelines). Rather, saturation occurs as an interface between the researcher and the data and (b) between data collection and data analysis to determine when enough is enough.

For this Discussion, you will critique a sampling strategy used in a research article.

To prepare for this Discussion:

· Review the Guest, Bunce, and Johnson article; the Yob and Brewer article; and the Learning Resources related to sampling and saturation for this week.

By Day 3

Prepare a critique of the sampling strategy used by Yob and Brewer (n.d.). Include the following your critique:

· The purpose of the study

· Research questions

· Site selection

· The type of purposeful sampling strategy the researchers applied. (Note: Use Table 4.3 in the Ravitch & Carl text or from Patton’s Chapter 5 to identify and describe the strategy that you think best fits what they described.)

· An alternative sampling strategy that the researchers could have considered. Explain your choice in terms of how the strategy is consistent with their research purpose and criteria for selecting cases.

· Provide a data saturation definition and evaluate the work of the researchers in this article regarding their efforts to achieve data saturation. Note what the researchers could have done differently to convince you that the relevant and important themes emerged.

Be sure to support your main post and response post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA style.

Ravitch, S. M., & Carl, N. M. (2016). Qualitative research: Bridging the conceptual, theoretical, and methodological. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 4, “Design and Reflexivity in Data Collection” (pp. 111–144)

o Table 4.3, “Purposeful Sampling Strategies” (pp. 129–137)

Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2012). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 3, “Qualitative Data-Gathering Methods and Style” (previously read in Week 3)

Patton, M. Q. (2015). Chapter 5, Module 30: Purposeful sampling and case selection: Overview of strategies and options. In Qualitative research and evaluation methods (4th ed., pp. 264–315). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Ravitch, S. M., & Carl, N. M. (2016). Qualitative research: Bridging the conceptual, theoretical, and methodological. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 4, “Design and Reflexivity in Data Collection” (pp. 111–144)

o Table 4.3, “Purposeful Sampling Strategies” (pp. 129–137)

Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2012). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

· Chapter 3, “Qualitative Data-Gathering Methods and Style” (previously read in Week 3)

Patton, M. Q. (2015). Chapter 5, Module 30: Purposeful sampling and case selection: Overview of strategies and options. In Qualitative research and evaluation methods (4th ed., pp. 264–315). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Guest, G., Bunce, A., and Johnson, L. (2006). How many Interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods 18(1), 59–82.

Discussion: Purposeful Sampling And Saturation

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What is a good sample in qualitative research? It is NOT about size or generalizability.

The answer lies in how clearly you articulate the criteria for selecting data sources; (b) your ability to purposefully select cases; and (c) the extent to which those cases are “information-rich… for in-depth study” (Patton, 2015, p. 264) with respect to the purpose of the study.

As you prepare for this week’s Discussion, consider turning your attention to the variety of purposeful sampling strategies you may consider in developing your research plan. Also consider that qualitative researchers seek a threshold or cut-off point for when to stop collecting data. There is no magic number (although there are guidelines). Rather, saturation occurs as an interface between the researcher and the data and (b) between data collection and data analysis to determine when enough is enough.

For this Discussion, you will critique a sampling strategy used in a research article.

To prepare for this Discussion:

  • Review the Yob and Brewer article (attached)

POST:

 

Prepare a critique of the sampling strategy used by Yob and Brewer (n.d.). Include the following your critique:

1. Purpose of the Yob and Brewer Study: the purpose of the study

2. Research Questions Used by Yob and Brewer (if they are not included please infer and create RQs):

3. Site Selection (where the study took place)Site selection

4. Type of Sampling Yob and Brewer Used: The type of purposeful sampling strategy the researchers applied. (Note: Use Table 4.3 in the Ravitch & Carl text or from Patton’s Chapter 5 to identify and describe the strategy that you think best fits what they described.)

5. An Alternative Sampling Strategy Yob and Brewer Could Have Used: An alternative sampling strategy that the researchers could have considered. Explain your choice in terms of how the strategy is consistent with their research purpose and criteria for selecting cases.

6. Data Saturation Definition (below, I gave it to you above. You can use it.) Provide a data saturation definition and evaluate the work of the researchers in this article regarding their efforts to achieve data saturation. Note what the researchers could have done differently to convince you that the relevant and important themes emerged.

ATTENTION: Please note that data saturation and thematic saturation are completely different. One or more of your authors use the terms interchangeably. They are not the same. Data saturation: this is when no additional data will produce any new information. Data saturation occurs at around 6 participants in the majority of studies. Some studies that require a diverse sample may need a slightly larger sample. An example would be that after 6 interviews you kept hearing the same responses to questions. You have achieved data saturation. Data saturation occurs during interviews. Thematic saturation: this is when no additional data will produce any new themes. Thematic saturation occurs at around 12 participants. Some studies that require a diverse sample may require more participants for this to occur. An example would be that as you analyzed your data you found that no new themes emerged. Thematic saturation occurs at the analysis stage.