Provide a 2 pages analysis while answering the following question: Commercial versus Non-Commercial Services. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. Commercial versus Non-Commercial Services

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Provide a 2 pages analysis while answering the following question: Commercial versus Non-Commercial Services. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. Commercial versus Non-Commercial Services

As stated by Part 2 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), a commercial service is utilized by the overall population or nongovernmental elements for non-governmental purposes. Noncommercial services, on the other hand, are defined as those services that serve no public or non-governmental function and are not available on the open market, in essence, those items that do not fall under Part 2 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation (Federal Acquisition Regulation, n.d).

&nbsp.Describe the DOD (department of defense) contracting officer’s responsibilities with regard to the use of non-commercial service

The Department of Defence is a perfect example of commercial services that have increased implementation, development and competition between firms tendering for projects. The contracting officer acts as the main authority, business guide and primary executor for the government. The officer is also entitled to identify the need, the primary source choice, and dealing with the resultant contract and business game plan. In addition, he investigates companies in the market to distinguish general business practices. For example, business terms and conditions, contract type and the utilization of incentives are perfect examples of commercial services offered to the society (Federal Acquisition Regulation, n.d.).

&nbsp.Discuss how the terms and conditions for the purchase of non-commercial supplies or services differ? For example, the use of warranties, how terminations are executed

On the other hand, terms and conditions of non-commercial contract and services vary in a number of ways. They are under constant monitoring through a contract screening framework of past execution. This involves the formal Contractor Performance Assessment Reporting System (CPARS), and Construction Contractor Appraisal Support System (CCASS). These contracts contain a change clause that allows the contracting officer to make independent changes to specific areas within the broad-spectrum scope of the contract. There are slight distinctions in the particular change clauses, depending on the item being purchased such as supplies, services, or construction. The distinctions also affect the type of contract awarded such as fixed price or cost reimbursable, as described in FAR Subpart 43.2. Any alterations must be within the broad extent of the contract. In addition, the change order must be in writing, and only the contracting officer may issue a change order. Quantities may not be independently altered by use of the changes clause “A decrease in quantity can be affected by a partial termination for convenience.” These items may, however, be returned at the contractor’s expense.” The termination of contracts exists basically in two options. T4C and termination for default (T4D) or cause. After deciding which method to use, the CCO should be prepared to negotiate an amicable settlement (Federal Acquisition Regulation, n.d.).

Termination means a breach of contract, and adequate compensation is appropriate. The CCO must follow local procedures for reporting and reviewing any termination actions. The notice of termination should be in writing and must specify the termination of the contract, extent of the termination, any special directives, and steps that the contractor should take to reduce the brunt on workers if the termination, in concert with all other pending terminations, will result in a major cutback in the contractor employees (Defense Standardization Program).

&nbsp.Discuss how the GAO (government accountability office) has ruled on challenges to the contracting officer’s determination of a commercial purchase requirement

The GAO review indicates that contracting officers have always accepted the offered price. They found that the price analysis performed by contracting officer was limited to ensure that prices were rational. Most officers proposed that when the existing price was similar to the list price, it was taken as a reasonable price. In many cases, they did not use relevant historical pricing information. Additionally, they did not apply the discretionary solicitation clause that necessitates applicants to present the information instead of certified cost and pricing data. Also, a number of contracting officers paid charges that involved unnecessary services. That is why many officers were not documenting how they determined that the prior prices were unreliable in evaluating the current quoted prices. The contracting officers have reduced negotiation leverage when acquiring commercial items from a single-source environment (Defense Standardization Program, n.d.).

Work cited

Federal Acquisition Regulation (n.d). Federal Acquisition Regulation. Retrieved on 29th March 2014 from http://www.acquisition.gov/far/current/pdf/FAR.pdf, 2014.

Defense Standardization Program. (n.d). Defense Standardization (DSP) Portal.Dsp. Retrieved on 29th Mar 2014 from http://www.dsp.dla.mil/APP_UIL/displayPage.aspx?action=content&accounttype=displayHTML&contentid=21,2014.

ACQuipedia. (n.d). Contract Modifications and Changes. Retrieved on 29th Mar 2014 from https://dap.dau.mil/acquipedia/Pages/ArticleDetails.aspx?aid=ad7f10df-7780-418c-a6fb-709c1014532c,2014.

prepare and submit a paper on adolescence in anthropology.

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Your assignment is to prepare and submit a paper on adolescence in anthropology. According to our Week 2 lecture from Dr. Tanya Mueller, the female body form is, at times, considered the default body form.The lack of the Y-chromosome is responsible for the development of female anatomy while in utero A person becomes a male or female while in utero, which is after conception but before birth and puberty. All embryos are identical in external appearance for the first eight weeks of gestation, and then several factors nudge the infant toward male or female development. In the seventh week, the embryo has both male and female primordial ducts. In the normal female fetus, the millerian duct system then develops into oviducts and a uterus. In the normal male fetus, the wolferian duct system on each side develops into the epididymis and vas deferens. The external genitalia are similarly bipotential until the eighth week (The reproductive organs and genitals associated with “female” or “male” arise from the same initial (fetal) tissue). Thereafter, the urogenital slit disappears and male genitalia formed or alternatively, it remains open, and female genitalia is formed. If the egg was fertilized with the x chromosome then the female structures continue to mature, the default system. However if the y chromosome fertilized the egg then a hormonal switch happens. two genes are activated and the female structures are completely dissolved and destroyed and the male organs take their place. Hormones play an overwhelming role in determining sexuality right from conception to puberty. The increased production of sex hormone like estrogen is responsible for changes like breast growth, changes in the walls of the uterus and vagina, and changes in the pelvic structure. Hormones like prolactin and lactogenic stimulates milk production and also helps maintain normal ovarian cycle. Follicile-stimulating hormone stimulates egg production in female while sperm production in males. Luteinizing hormone stimulates ovulation in females while the hormone oxytocin causes uterus to contract and the breasts to release milk, thus lending female characteristics. On the other hand, hormones like testosterone stimulate development of male reproductive tract and male secondary sexual characteristics. Being a female, from the biological point of view, is determined on the basis of distribution of body hair, patterns of fat deposit, higher voice etc. A major characteristic is the establishment of the menstrual cycle. This involves the periodic growth and shedding of the lining of the uterus. Being a male again can be identified by definite body features and distribution of hair and fat etc., besides in the production of sperm and ejaculation. Also, males and females have different behavior patterns. Some behavioral differences are learned (patterns of dress, use of facial make-up), whereas others appear to be less dependent on culture (degree of aggressiveness, frequency of sexual thought). 2. Several lectures discussed the establishment of adolescence as a distinct life history stage. When do you think we see this occurring? In other words, even though there is no doubt mammals, monkeys, apes, and fossil hominids experience puberty (age at alpha) or reproductive maturation, do these qualify as a “distinct life history stage”? Why or why not? The sexual development of puberty has a typical pattern I both boys and girls, with a generally predictable line of changes taking place. The onset of puberty in most girls is marked by the development of breasts, which happens at an average age of 11 years. This is followed by the growth of pubic hair, and then hairs in the armpit. However, it has been found that a minority of girls have pubic hair coming out before their breasts begin to grow. Menstruation takes place usually two and a half years after the onset of puberty. A regular pattern of ovulation corresponding to achievement of fertility usually develops rapidly after a girl begins having menstrual cycles.

Create a 5 pages page paper that discusses analyzing understanding the war on terror 3rd edition.

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Create a 5 pages page paper that discusses analyzing understanding the war on terror 3rd edition. It was probably then when the notion of America on war with terrorism took birth. Later on, George W. Bush, US President and other officials of USA having high ranks used this term of War on Terror extensively to show that America is against terrorism and the organisations that use weapons and keep armaments for the purpose of spreading terror. This campaign was started because these terrorist organisations were not only causing threat to USA but they are threatening to other countries as well. Such militant organisations are dangerous for humanity on the whole. The phrase of the war on terror is particularly used against militant Islamic organisations like al-Qaeda. On the other hand, the present President of USA Barack Obama does not use the terminology of war on terror officially as he makes use of the term Overseas Contingency Operation for the same idea as that of war on terror. But the term of the war on terror is still in use and is used by political persons in media and some parts of government also makes use of it e.g. Global War on Terrorism Service Medal. Some people believe that the term of the war on terror was introduced by the US President George W. Bush after the 9/11 terrorists attacks on the twin towers of USA. The term the war of terror is developed to show America’s clash with the people who have Islamic extremist thoughts. This term of the war on terror was selected by George W. Bush when the higher officials of USA wanted to introduce the term “global struggle against violent extremism” (Coaty and Babst, pp. 222–228). USA had already a strained relationship with Iraq and also with Afghanistan which was led by Taliban. This stress in relationship occurred as a result of Gulf War of 1991 but the situation worsened and the terrorists’ attacks on the Twin Towers on 9 September 2011 made the US President Bush to take some steps against terrorism. The attack on the Twin Towers is observed as the attack on humanity and not on USA alone. Terrorism is a problem which has threatened not only America but also its allies and other independent countries. Furthermore, after the 9/11 attacks on the Twin Towers the anthrax-laced letters which were sent to USA took the lives of five American people and it is thought to be the worst biological attack in the history of USA created by Islamist militant extremists, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). As these events occurred together so United States of America had to take an action. The union of happenings forced USA to make amendments in its foreign policy as well as domestic policy. As a consequence, American officials drafted USA Patriot Act and also developed Department of Homeland Security. These steps helped in the renovation of the security measures such as operation involving investigation and intelligence. Along with the alterations made in the domestic and foreign policy the President Bush ordered the Taliban government of Afghanistan to give Osama Bin Laden to the US government. It was suspected that Osama bin Laden was the hand behind these terrorists’ attacks and it is he who developed the whole plan of terrorism and executed it. Along with Osama bin Laden, US government wanted to capture other members of al-Qaeda which could be a threat for any further act of terrorism.

Write a 4 pages paper on computer utilization in one african or mid-eastern country as compared with computer utilization in the united states. these social differences at the cultural level, the UAE is quickly becoming one of the most progressive users of computers in the world in areas of business, education, and general consumer society.

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Write a 4 pages paper on computer utilization in one african or mid-eastern country as compared with computer utilization in the united states. these social differences at the cultural level, the UAE is quickly becoming one of the most progressive users of computers in the world in areas of business, education, and general consumer society.

In the United States, it is quite common to find people of varying demographics using the Internet for personal needs, varying from social networking sites, to online shopping, to even education by attending distance learning universities. There is no specific user profile for the Internet in the United States simply because it is quite common for people of all age and educational demographics to have a personal computer in their households. However, in the United Arab Emirates, the Internet user profile is typically a younger and professional male compared to the United States (Shen & Shakir, 2009). Where in the U.S. it is common to find a young male or female visiting social networking sites such as YouTube or Facebook, this goes against the traditional collectivist principles that founded the UAE regarding what is considered acceptable for gender roles. Many Arab youth females cannot show their faces to anyone unless they are in their close family and because of this they often do not play online games, visit chat rooms, or even send emails (Shen & Shakir). This cultural difference tends to limit the Internet user profile to mostly professional and educated young men.

Yahoo! Is becoming the number one Internet website in the UAE, where this is not especially true in the United States. Regular Yahoo! users in the UAE have crossed 1.5 million (ameinfo.com, 2006). In the U.S., it is common to have youths visiting Yahoo! for its Chat, Games and Music options. However, the UAE commonly finds people over the age of 30 on Yahoo! utilizing its more professional services such as Yahoo! News and Finance (ameinfo.com). This is a demographic difference in computer utilization between the UAE and the U.S.