Write 22 pages with APA style on The Threat by the Use of Biological Weapons by Terrorist.

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Write 22 pages with APA style on The Threat by the Use of Biological Weapons by Terrorist. President Bush deplored the terrorist attack by saying that men who would dare such an act are not above using biological or chemical weapons, the threat posed by bio-weapons as an instrument of terrorism became an ugly reality. This paper weighs the pros and cons of whether al Qaeda or any other international terrorist group indeed has the motivation and capability to develop and use bio-weapons to carry out their missions of terror against the civilized world. If biological weapons represent the new threat to world peace and security that it is feared to be, we need to examine the desire and capability of authorities to deal with this yet to be experienced a challenge to existing health and defense systems.

Together with chemical and nuclear weapons, modern biological weapons are commonly classified as weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and have been used as such on many occasions in the past. Biochemical weapons may appeal to terrorists for three major reasons: 1) they are easier and cheaper to acquire than nuclear devices and cause more casualties. 2) their effects on target population are hard to detect and counter. and 3) the threat of their use causes fear, which element the terrorists love most (Danitz, 1998, p. 3). The use of bio-weapons actually goes back to the siege warfare in the Medieval Ages, among which was the recorded attempt to spread disease through dead horses at northern France in 1340. In 1346, cadavers of plague victims were dumped on the defenders at Caffa in Crimea, while human and animal manure was used at Karlstein in Bohemia in 1422. The most successful was said to be the bio-attack at Caffa, where a large number of the defenders came down with the Bubonic plague (Wheelis, 2002, p. 12). On the American frontier, some of the disease outbreaks between the 18th and early 20th centuries might have been deliberately instigated (Fenn, 2000).

research paper on the relationship between european overseas expansion and developments in europe. Needs to be 1 page.

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Need an research paper on the relationship between european overseas expansion and developments in europe. Needs to be 1 page. Please no plagiarism. New commodities like silk and cotton started arriving from the New World. And this gift when fused with the Industrial Revolution of England made possible for the people to rely less on conventional agriculture and more on Manufacturing Industries. As more wealth and power came along with the occupation of the new lands, it changed the economic, social and political aspects of Europe.

Between 1815 and 1871, there were many revolution campaigns and Independence wars within and outside of Europe. The social and trade union of England were a result of the war-ridden years. Serfdom was also rejected by the Russians and Balkan nations started realizing that they need to be independent and needed major changes in their infra-structure, so they revolted against their Ottoman governments and started gaining independence. And right at the heart of Europe, after the Franco-Prussian war, Italy and Germany became national estates and by 1871, most of the European countries had become constitutional monarchies. To capture the scrambles of this great divide and restructuring of the new countries, many European nations engaged in a war and World War I started which further changed Europe and its economics as real steel age had started.

Economic development of India and China. The work is to be 7 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page.

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I will pay for the following article Economic development of India and China. The work is to be 7 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. In the case of China, there is consensus that, in the past three decades, the country’s leadership adopted policies aimed at accumulation of wealth for rapid industrialisation and export of industrial goods (Zhijun and Jing, 2011). Prior to 1979, the country’s national planning was a catastrophe. This led to poor showing on economic scales. In India’s case, poor economic performance in the 1960s throughout 1970s has been associated with several issues including poor policies, and license-permits (Kshetri, 2011). Yet India’s poor infrastructure and lack of demand also contributed to the country’s industrial growth. The two countries adopted policies aimed at addressing their challenges, which have effectively turned around their economies since 1980s. Overview of both economies On the key economic developments in recent times, China and India occupy the first and second positions in Asia respectively (Dong et al, 2013). The two nations are by their big population size, global economic powerhouses. Whereas they develop the industries, it is clear that their growth will have deep impacts, not just within the countries but for the better part of the global economy. Such impacts which are already on record include. new market opportunities, stemming from improved purchasing power and higher competitiveness of the two greatest economies in Asia known for particular industrial commodities (Zhou et al, 2010. Prime et al, 2012). China and India have had very rapid economic development which has led to significant achievements, especially on poverty reduction. The two countries also experience problems arising from rapid economic development such as the increasing gap between rural and urban income earners and pollution of the environment (Das, 2012). Afan (2013) indicated that increasing incomes trigger structural transformation in the agricultural sector and food industry as the economy encounters changes in demand and consumer preferences. Concomitantly the effects will impact on trade, business and investment. Both global economic giants have undergone positive growth in the agricultural sector, followed by fast-developing industrial sectors and a huge slump in relative poverty. Das (2012) pointed to the difference in the preconditions and the triggering economic factors behind growth in the two countries. Massive agricultural production Both China and India have massively invested in agriculture (Dorn, 2013). The Chinese economy manifests the significant impact of agriculture on the country’s economic mix, especially in the 1980s and 1990s, when major economic reform took effect in the country (Liu, Liu, and Wei, 2005). In India, the lesser industrialized power of the two, agricultural production continues to occupy a very important part of the economy. While agriculture’s portion in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has been on a downward trend, the industry still provides massive employment opportunities for the locals (Agrawal, and Khan, 2011. Bensidoun, Lemoine, and Unal, 2009). Economic contribution in this sector is undeniably of tremendous significance for prospective policies and measures aimed at the realization of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This is especially true for the need to alleviate abject poverty and food insecurity in the economy by 2015 (Winters, and Yusuf, 2007. Gupta, and Wang, 2009). Appropriate economic responses China’s and India’s economic growth can be attributed to the tactful manner in which they have responded to new global adjustments such as free trade, globalization, agricultural production, rural growth and poverty alleviation (Das, 2012).

submit a 1250 words paper on the topic Law of Evidence: The Right to Silence.

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Hi, need to submit a 1250 words paper on the topic Law of Evidence: The Right to Silence. The House of Lords in R v Webber of 2004 that pursuant to Section 34 facts may include any fact that is an issue at the trial and tendered by the defendant in his or her defence. Moreover, facts will include any explanation or fact that the defendant would have logically raised at an earlier stage of the criminal proceedings. According to the ruling in R v Ali, the only recourse a defendant may have is to either deny culpability at the police station or to prepare a statement setting out his or her defence so as to preserve the right to raise the defence at trial. The right to a fair trial guaranteed by Article 6 of the ECHR demands, however, that prosecutors bear the burden of proof. It was ruled in R v Condron that directions to the jury must be given with caution emphasizing the right to silence. The Judicial Studies Board established 6 points intended to ensure that adverse inferences contained in section 34 do not contradict Article 6. The 6 points correspond with the 6 requirements for adverse inferences as laid doing in R v Argent and are: There must be proceedings. Failure to mention a fact must predate the charge or when being charged. The omission must have occurred while being questioned under caution. The questions must have related to determining who committed the offence. The omitted fact must be one subsequently used in defence at the trial. The omitted fact must be one that accused was logically expected to mention. The courts have tried to set limits to what amounts like a new fact and to preserve the defendant’s right to remain silent. For example in R v McGarry, the defendant was charged with causing grievous bodily harm. In a written statement taken by the police, the defendant claimed that he acted in self-defence and did not answer police questions. At his trial, the defendant testified to facts substantiating and building on his claim of self-defence. The trial judge said that he was not inviting the jury to draw an adverse inference since D had not raised a new fact but did state that it was up to the jury to determine whether or not they wished to draw an adverse inference.&nbsp.