You will prepare and submit a term paper on Paper on Fate of the Forest. Your paper should be a minimum of 2000 words in length. Deforestation for livestock pasture has been the biggest cause since in 1991, and about 227,000 sq mi had been converted as such since (Steinfeld, Gerber, Wassenaar, and Castle, P 4). IT has ben suggested that the sustainable protection of the rainforest is equivalent to $6820 in Peruvian Amazon, and decreases by activity type (Peters, Gentry, and Mendelson, 656). In addition to threatened ecology and natural environment, the deforestation of the Amazon meant the disappearance of indigenous communities residing in it including the Urarina (Dean, 45). The role of the Amazon and the rest of the forested areas of the world are of critical condition at the moment as rising global temperatures, melting ice blocks, water, wind, and earth movements warn humanity in gigantic proportions. The maintenance of a sustainable environment, which was ignored until recently, has linked the rainforest to a vital role in the current earth condition. Various technological methods were already adopted and in place: alternative energy sources such as wind and sun, carbon emission control to the end of trading emissions, and other innovative approaches that border on absurdity such as carbon capture and production of mechanical trees. However, these methods signify the reluctance of many major actors, mainly government leaders and the businesses they support or who support them, to adopt aggressive and sincere methods to address problems. This paper will explore two books and their positions to signify the ever-changing approaches to environmentalism as well as the role of other factors on the matter. Discussion Deforestation in Brazil was thoroughly documented and explored by Heicht and Cockburn in their 1989 book The fate of the forest: Developers, Destroyers, and Defenders of the Amazon. The first chapter “The Forests of Their Desires” narrated the history of the New World discovery by the Old World which soon fought over it including power brokers such as Rodigo de Borgia or Pope Alexander VI, Portuguese, Dutch, French and German competition against the Iberians who were soon driven out or obliterated to extinction. This portion also documented the vast differences between the discovered Amazon and the new Amazon, and the colonizers’ failure to set the region alone to tell its own story. The second chapter “The Realm of Nature” provides the physical geography of the region with its riverine systems and biotic diversity. In chapter 3’s “The Heritage of Fire”, the force has been considered nurturing with the Kayapo Indians, but destructive among the developers, ranchers and peasant colonizers leading to biotic extinction. The bulk of the book delved into the history of exploitation and resource extraction in the region starting with the rubber boom and to span 50 years including the military-imposed agribusiness solutions starting in 1964. Vast areas of the Amazon were toppled for ranches, gold-mining, and other businesses. Local resistance and possible redemption were also noted in these chapters. The next chapter “The Defenders of the Amazon” told of the locals who have banded together to defend their right of existence against seringueros or rubber tappers. The locals mostly gather forest foods, hunt and fish or farm a little for their living but their livelihood was threatened by the development of the rubber boom.

I will pay for the following article Analysis two readings about Race and Ethnicity in American Culture. The work is to be 3 pages with three to five sources, with in-text citations and a reference page. Why? The Klan was naturally concerned about Hill’s activities as this enabled Hill to mobilize African Americans and educate them as to their civil and social rights. By educating African Americans, Hill could help them meet the literacy requirement and make them eligible to vote. He could pass on the information in the Republican newspaper to all African Americans. 3. Why did the Klan use such brutal violence against Hill and his relatives? Hill and his relatives were singled out for brutal violence due to Hill’s position as President of the Union League and the Klan’s belief that, as a preacher, he was instrumental in mobilizing African Americans to exercise their franchise. Hill’s correspondence with A.S. Wallace could instigate Congressional investigations into Klan activities. The Klan did not randomly choose people to terrorize. Hill was specifically targeted for his activities. 4. What significance, if any, should be attributed to the Klan’s demand that Hill pray for them? No significance need be attributed to the Klan’s demand that Hill pray for them, as the Klan appears to be totally committed to violence and the intimidation of African Americans. Their demand may be seen in the light of sarcasm, as Hill was a preacher. Document 3: The Ku Klux Klan Defends Americanism. 1. What did Evans mean by “the American race?” How was such a “race” formed? By “the American race” Evans meant the Americans whose ancestors belonged to the “old pioneer stock” (Evans, 126). This race was formed by the descendants of the pioneers who founded the nation. These pioneers were largely of Northwestern European heritage. 2. Why was the “Nordic American today — a stranger?” The influx, and growing political clout, of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, including Jews and Catholics, undermined the dominance of the Nordic American. Protestant morals declined: Jews celebrated Sabbath on Saturday and religious instruction was banned in public schools. World War I demonstrated immigrants’ loyalty to their country of origin. 3. Why was “hyphenism” important? In what sense was “the melting pot — a ghastly failure?” “Hyphenism” was important as it demonstrated that immigrants retained a dual identity and did not consider themselves as just Americans. The ‘Melting-pot’ metaphor was a failure as the various immigrant groups retained their unique ethnic practices and did not assimilate completely into American society. An immigrant might argue that retaining the ethnic practices of one’s country of origin enriched American culture and made it more vibrant. 4. Why did Evans believe “Liberalism” amount to “national, racial and spiritual treason?” “Liberalism” unconditionally accepted and aided immigrants, and therefore betrayed the interests of the old Nordic race of Americans. The ideals of secularism changed the nature of American society and religion. A ‘Liberal’ might argue that philanthropy was open to all Americans and immigrants contributed to the advancement of American society in several fields. 3. Had the goals of the Klan changed from the Reconstruction era to the 1920’s? The goals of the Klan had definitely changed from the Reconstruction era to the 1920’s. This is unequivocally demonstrated by the two documents.