Create a 6 pages page paper that discusses facebook frees egypt. Recently, Middle East countries such as Egypt have been the center of the conflict. Partly, this is due to the fact that most countries are governed using a dictatorship that tends to curtail the freedom and rights of its citizens. In Egypt, for example, the thirty-year rule of Hosni Mubarak resulted in the restriction of political organizations, arrests without warrant, and monitoring of media (Shapiro, 2009). Unfortunately, crimes against humanity that are committed by its government are often underreported because of the state’s control of media. It changes the course of history since wars impose economic and social implications in the countries involved. A government at war allocates its resources to its military forces, leaving social welfare and education with minor operating funds. Men are at times forced to join the infantry. Battles result in death, as well as the destruction of infrastructures and facilities. Aside from the visible effects of wars, it dampens the spirit of the country’s citizens. Because of the serious effects of war, an effort is thus put on promoting peace. The rise of social networking sites has made the promotion of peace advocacy of anyone. It is a venue for even an ordinary person to talk or to share his thoughts with one or more members of the community from the convenience one’s home or workplace (Preston, 2011). In effect, it speeds up and widens information dissemination, organizes people, as well as provides a sense of community to its users. With the Internet and its networking sites, a local issue becomes a global occurrence. Such community built is special in a sense that it leads to what was called as networked individualism, implying the equal importance of community and individuality, since there are decentralization and more independence in this setting (Zhuo, Wellman & Yu, 2011, p. 6). Arguably, the biggest of them all is Facebook, which already reached one billion users in 2012 (Smith, Segall & Cowley, 2012). These people come from various countries and different socioeconomic strata. It thus has the potential of becoming a vital part of information dissemination and advocacy promotion worldwide. The freedom of expression in this medium, however, may also be used to instigate disagreements that can lead to war. According to the article of Zhuo, Wellman & Yu (2011, p. 6) that discussed Egypt’s use of Facebook during its political struggle, the rise of social networks in the country resulted from the increase in the availability of the internet and mobile phones. This lead to the emergence of socially relevant organizations that mobilize the community. Protests and social critique in venues such as Facebook have been found to be important in this country that is dominantly Islamic and authoritarian, since it is relatively free from state control, as compared to other media like TV, radio, and newspapers. In addition, it resulted in increased communication with other countries, allowing the local issues of Egypt to be heard globally. In Egypt from 2008 to 2011, mobile access to Facebook became a vital part of protests that caused the end of ex-President Hosni Mubarak regime, which at that time prevented information dissemination, particularly citizens’ access to personal computers. The dates and locations of nonviolent protests were announced through groups such as the April 6 Youth Movement.&nbsp.

 

Need an research paper on the psycho social behaviour of children survivors in post- genocide countries. Needs to be 6 pages. Please no plagiarism. In fact, &nbsp.it is a prevalent practice in Rwanda among children survivors to raise younger children by themselves resulting in child-headed families where some 42,000 households struggle to raise an estimated 101,000 children ( United Nations: Lessons from Rwanda ).&nbsp.

Children survivors of post-genocide countries are affected in many aspects of their development. They are affected economically, psychologically, and socially. However, one of the most pronounced manifestations of trauma in children survivors is behavioral changes. In a report by the UN Secretary-General to the General Assembly in 1996, it was stated that: Children who suffer from stress display a wide range of symptoms, including increased separation anxiety and developmental delays, sleep disturbances and nightmares, lack of appetite, withdrawn behavior, lack of interest in play, and, in younger children, learning difficulties. In older children and adolescents, responses to stress can include anxious or aggressive behavior and depression. ( 49 )

Atle Dyregrov, Leila Gupta, Rolf Gjestad, and Eugenie Mukanoheli conducted a study that started in 1994 that interviewed 3030 survivors aged 8-19 from Rwanda. These children survivors saw their loved ones violently killed by machetes and heard screams of help. They also witnessed the participation of trusted adults as well as children in some of the killings. In fact, these children believed that they would die during that horrible period, or even if they survived, they would not reach adulthood. The study revealed a high incidence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among children. The results are disturbing:

Overall, the data indicate that many children continued to have intrusive images, thoughts, and feelings 13–20 months after exposure to the events of the war, despite their attempts to remove the event from their memory and to avoid these reminders. Many of the children also reported increased arousal symptoms such as an inability to concentrate or pay attention.