Enviromental World History

You will make an argument and use evidence from 1) the class lecture and 2) reading material to debate whether humans have had a bigger effect on the environment throughout history or whether the environment has had a bigger influence on human development.

• You will write a 750-word paper (approximately three double-spaced pages)
• Should have an overall argument that addresses the question
• Present at least three major ideas to organize the paper which draw on material from the lectures and reading assignments
• Analyze two primary sources within the three main ideas
• Clear structure how you will organize those ideas
• Citations are parenthesis with author and page # or my name and my lecture title
  • (Mevissen Neo Europe); (Marks 18); (McNeill 115)
    
    Contents hide

    1 Understanding GlobalGeography andClimate

    2 Agenda

    3 Quiz Troubleshooting

    3.1 Save your time - order a paper!

    4 Divide into groups of 4.

    5 Geography and Climate

    6 Turn to partner–discuss

    7 Why do we care aboutwhich direction rivers flowor how often rain falls?

    8 MINERAL DEPOSITS

    9 FOSSIL FUELS

    10 CLIMATE

    11 WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    12 WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    13 LATITUDE

    14 WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    15 WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    16 WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    17 HOW HAVE THESE FACTORSINFLUENCED WORLD HISTORY?

    18 To Do List

    Understanding GlobalGeography andClimate

    Agenda

    • • • ◦Tech problems
        • ◦Discuss Marks“Preface” and“Intro”
        • ◦Lesson: Geography& Climate
      • • 1. Finish Chapter 1
          2. ReadingQuiz#2dueTOMORROW at11:59 pm

    Quiz Troubleshooting

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    Divide into groups of 4.

    • • • • 1.I will assign groups a question to answer.
          • 2.Discussonly this question.
          • 3.After5 minutes, I will place you in a group withpeoplewho answered the other questions
          • 4.You will ‘teach’ your group the answer to your question.
          • 5.Be prepared to answer questions that your classmateshave about this.
        • • 1.What are the four interrelated themes that Marks studies toexplain the “Origins of the Modern World”?
          • 2.How/why does he disagree with the “rise of the West” or“Eurocentric” narratives? How does that relate to an“ethnocentric” narrative?
          • 3.When is the ‘modern’ era and what features describe it? Howdo historians typically write about the origins of the modernera?
          • 4.How does Marks integrate environment into his history?What are examples of events in history that he points outwhere the environment affected humans?

    Geography and Climate

    Turn to partner–discuss

    • • • • What are two ways that you’ve interacted withthe environment–the physical world–today?(think: weather, transport options, the foods you ate, anydiseases you’ve gotten, encounters with animals)
          • What is your favorite vacation destination? Whatdo you like about it? Does something differentabout the environment affect your decision whereto vacation? How?

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Why do we care aboutwhich direction rivers flowor how often rain falls?

    MINERAL DEPOSITS

    Mineral deposits

    • • • • Affects therelative value ofminerals
          • Also makescertain mineral-rich regions moreprosperous ORdesirable foroutsiders

    Mineral deposits

    http://www.treasurenet.com/forums/attachment.php?attachmentid=632007&d=1336013948

    Iron age

    Bone stone

    Shell Age

    FOSSIL FUELS

    

    • • • • Deposits fromancientbiological matter
          • Formationdepends onspecificconditions ofheat andpressure

    Fossil fuels

    https://slideplayer.com/slide/12767993/77/images/3/Formation+of+fossil+fuels.jpg

    Fossil fuels

    http://firesideresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/coal-deposits1.gif

    https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/World_petroleum_systems.png/1280px-World_petroleum_systems.png

    Fossil fuels

    Doesanyoneknow whatthis maprepresents?

    CLIMATE

    HOW WOULD YOU DEFINE IT?

    Climate isnotweather (daily meteorologicalconditions like air pressure, humidity,temperature, precipitation, winds, sunshine orcloudiness) but the average weather patternsand behavior over a long period of time

    WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    LATITUDE

    BODIES OF WATER

    ALTITUDE

    TERRAIN

    WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    LATITUDE

    BODIES OF WATER

    ALTITUDE

    TERRAIN

    

    LATITUDE

    https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiRl9eWi7HdAhXtQ98KHdGpDcEQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbwstoa.blogspot.com%2F2014%2F10%2Ffactors-that-influence-climate.html&psig=AOvVaw0GgHLKh8oEI76PWtxwxuz2&ust=1536691256576191

    The sun’senergycausescirculatingcurrents (airand ocean)

    https://images.slideplayer.com/34/10193608/slides/slide_12.jpg

    Because ofwinds atequator,seasonsmarked bywet/dryperiods

    WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    LATITUDE

    BODIES OF WATER

    ALTITUDE

    TERRAIN

    https://images.slideplayer.com/26/8546129/slides/slide_26.jpg

    • • • • • Waterheatsand cools moreslowly thanlanddoes
            • Less variationof temperaturenear bodies ofwater

    WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    LATITUDE

    BODIES OF WATER

    ALTITUDE

    TERRAIN

    

    

    • • • • • higher elevations =less pressure(gravity)
            • less pressure = gasmolecules expand
            • expanding moleculescool down (volumeand temp of gas haveinverse relationship)

    https://kestrelinstruments.com/pub/media/wysiwyg/smartwave/porto/kestrel/images/Density_Altitude_-Column_of_Air.png

    Differentelevations,differentecosystems

    Mid-Class review quiz

    • • • • • Why is it warmer at the equator than at thepoles?
            • How does water moderate temperature?
            • How does the ocean current circulation affectthe globe?
            • Why does the temperature drop as you go upa mountain?

    WHAT AFFECTS CLIMATE?

    LATITUDE

    BODIES OF WATER

    ALTITUDE

    TERRAIN

    Terrain includes elevation andproximity to bodies of water, alsoincludes:

    • • • • • Topography (shape of land)
            • Vegetation coverage

    TibetanPlateau

    Gobi Desert

    Topography

    https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/regional-geography-of-the-world-globalization-people-and-places/section_04/d1fd0cddb141801dff4eac4b548c5113.jpg

    Valley and Mountain Breezes

    24-hr convection cycles

    • • • • • During the day, warm mountains cause heat to rise, pulls air up fromvalley
            • During the night, as mountain cools, cooler air sinks down into the valley
            • Regional climatic effect

    Topography

    https://www.dwd.de/EN/research/climateenvironment/climate_impact/urbanism/urban_heat_island/urbanheatisland_node.html

    Heat islands

    • • • • • Emissions
            • Materialscapturesolarradiation

    Topography

    

    • • • • • Plant growthdepends on theclimate
          • • Plant/vegetationcoverage canaffect a region’sclimate

    Temperatureandprecipitation(rainfall)affect whatplants grow

    

    VEGETATIONAFFECTSCLIMATE-trees/plants absorb warmth

    • • • • • plants part of hydrological cycle(store water, keep in soil)
            • trees block wind/sun (lessevaporation)
            • transpiration release moisture intothe air (cooling, clouds, reflection)

    http://theclimatelemon.com/8-amazing-benefits-of-trees/

    HOW HAVE THESE FACTORSINFLUENCED WORLD HISTORY?

    Think of three examplescited above think howthey will connect withMarks’ arguments.

    To Do List

    • • • • 1. Finish Chapter 1
            2. ReadingQuiz#2 dueTOMORROW at 11:59 PM