Complete Study Guide

PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND THE LEARNER– EPY 7080

Test 1 Study Guide

 

Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning

• What is a theory? What is the purpose of a theory?

• Give an example of a theory that might be relevant in the classroom.

Chapter 3 & 4 – Behaviorist Views of Learning

 

• What are the basic assumptions of Behaviorism?

• Classical Conditioning:

o Who was Ivan Pavlov? o What is classical conditioning? o What do the following terms mean and how do they relate in classical conditioning?

▪ Unconditioned Stimulus ▪ Unconditioned Response ▪ Neutral Stimulus ▪ Conditioned Stimulus ▪ Conditioned Response

o What is Generalization? o What is Extinction? o Give an example of classical conditioning that is relevant to teaching and learning? o Give an example of generalization that is relevant to teaching and learning? o Give an example of extinction that is relevant to teaching and learning?

• What is the basic principle behind Instrumental Conditioning?

• What is the purpose of a reinforcer? Give an example.

• What is meant by a primary reinforcer? A secondary reinforcer?

• What is the difference between a positive reinforcer and a negative reinforcer?

• What is meant by a material reinforcer, a social reinforcer, and an activity reinforcer?

• What is the Premack principle? Give an example.

• What is an Extrinsic Reinforcer? What is an Intrinsic Reinforcer?

• What is meant by Shaping?

• What is the purpose of punishment?

• What is the difference between presentation punishment and removal punishment?

• How is negative reinforcement different from punishment?

• What are some forms of mild punishment that can reduce unwanted behavior?

 

Chapter 5 – Social Cognitive Views of Learning

 

• Who is Albert Bandura?

• What is meant by reciprocal causation?

• What are the basic principles of Social Cognitive Theory?

• What is the difference between live and symbolic models?

• What kinds of behaviors can be learned through modeling?

 

 

2 of 2 jwscott@gsu.edu

Sample Questions

Short answer

 

1. Think of and describe a situation where a teacher might think she is punishing a student for undesirable behavior, but the student is actually reinforced and thus does not reduce the

behavior.

 

Multiple Choice

 

2. A boy who is beaten severely by his alcoholic father begins to show signs of fearing not only his father but other men as well. His fear of men who have not beaten him is an example of:

 

A) Discrimination B) Negative reinforcement C) Generalization D) Extinction

• What is observational learning effect?

• What is response facilitation effect?

• What is response inhibition effect?

• What is response disinhibition effect?

• What are the four characteristics of effective models?

• What is meant by vicarious reinforcement and vicarious punishment?

• What conditions are necessary for students to successfully learn from observing modeled behavior?

• What is self-efficacy?

• How does self-efficacy affect a student’s behavior and cognition?

• What factors affect a student’s development of self-efficacy?

• How can teachers help foster higher self-efficacy?

• What is self-regulation? What are the four elements of self-regulation?