Application of a Behavioral Theory

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Assignment 2—Application of a Behavioral Theory

Public health interventions are now guided primarily by theoretical frameworks. There is a strong correlation between behavior and how it influences attitudes and beliefs about health issues. The relationship is complex and includes several aspects including individual environmental, social, and political factors.

For this assignment, conduct a literature review of journal articles, not more than three-years old, on a smoking cessation program. Write a 5–6-page paper in Microsoft Word format.

Include the following:

  • Describe the selected smoking cessation program and the behavioral theory that provided the foundation for the program.
  • Examine how the behavioral theory was selected for the specific target population.
  • Explain whether you agree or disagree with the selected behavioral theory and list two other behavioral health models that you might have used to address this issue.
  • Provide examples of how the authors of the journal articles you reviewed incorporated components of the theoretical framework into the planning and implementation processes and then explain the significance of the selected theoretical framework.

Rights and Duties during Emergencies

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Rights and Duties during Emergencies

Consider the following scenarios related to interoperability and its impact on emergency preparedness.

Scenario 1

One of the primary goals of the public health system is to protect the general public. The citizens of the United States enjoy specific freedom and basic rights guaranteed by the Constitution. However, in an emergency situation, it is possible that specific rights such as the right to confidentiality of an individual may be compromised in an effort to protect the public.

Research the South University Online Library or the Internet for an article involving quarantining an individual. Based on your research, answer the following questions regarding the above scenario:

  • What occurred to warrant the quarantine? Was this justified?
  • Does the need to protect the public outweigh an individual’s right to confidentiality? Why or why not?
  • What other basic rights of an individual may be compromised in times of an emergency?

Scenario 2

A successful response to an emergency situation often involves collaboration with other agencies in the community and the government. Imagine you are the director of the local health department. You have just received a call about a suspected outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in the community.

On the basis of your understanding of the topic of “collaboration with agencies and the government” and the above scenario, answer the following questions:

  • How would you put your bioterrorism preparedness plan into action? Which agencies will be involved in your plan and why?
  • Would the agencies involved be different in case there was a natural disaster such as an earthquake? Why or why not?

What is John Snow’s (1854) influence on the foundation of modern epidemiology?

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Epidemiology

Epidemiology is the study of how often diseases occur in different people and why they occur. Epidemiology can help us track diseases and find out when an outbreak is occurring or if a disease is decreasing due to a public health interventions.

Given the above information, what do you think is the role of the epidemiologist in data collection? What is John Snow’s (1854) influence on the foundation of modern epidemiology? What are the current 10 leading causes of death for all races/ethnicities? What, according to you, are the five most important human diseases associated with stress? Justify your answers with appropriate research and reasoning and comment on the postings of at least two peers as to whether you agree with their view on the diseases associated with stress.

Homeostasis—The Importance of Being in Balance

When many people think of homeostasis they think of their body being in balance or the flight or flight response. Homeostasis is the maintenance of physiological conditions required to maintain the life of the organism. Cannon (1932) has come up with some theories on homeostasis. What are Cannon’s (1932) theories on homeostasis? What is the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) definition of engineering methods, also known as engineering controls?

There are five key engineering methods developed to reduce or eliminate the spread of infection and disease. How effective do you think these methods have been? Of these methods, which one has been the most effective and which one the least effective? Why? Justify your answers with appropriate research and reasoning and comment on the postings of at least two peers.

Analyze and describe any two types of qualitative research methods

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Qualitative Approaches

Using the Internet, research about qualitative approaches. Based on your research, respond to the following:

  • Analyze and describe any two types of qualitative research methods.
  • Recommend in which situations, qualitative research methods can be used in public health research.
  • Explain the advantages and disadvantages of qualitative as well as quantitative research.
  • Analyze and explain why qualitative research and mixed methodologies are given preference over quantitative methodology in most cases of public health research.
  • Is it true that the value of the dependence of qualitative research on small samples renders it incapable of generalizing conclusions? Why?
  • Describe the key fundamental differences between experimental and quasi-experimental designs. Provide at least one example of each experimental design that identifies the situations in which the experimental design can be used.
  • Analyze and explain whether there are any possible ethical issues associated with each of these experimental designs in the field of public health research. If yes, what are they? If no, why?Analyze and describe any two types of qualitative research methods