Explain the following statement: “Decision-making about environmental issues necessitates the maintenance of a fine balance between the effectiveness of measures and the public reaction towards them.”

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Environmental Pollution Scenario Review and Summary

You are an associate-level environmental scientist in a large urban city. The growing human population within the city increases pressure on the infrastructure and natural resources, affecting the environment. As cities expand, they cut deeper into surrounding rural areas, causing environmental problems, such as the loss of wetlands, loss of biological habitats, and air and water pollution. The high density of automobiles, factories, and commercial enterprises in urban areas adds to airborne emissions, including particulate matter, various types of oxides, and hazardous volatile compounds.

 

 

 

Your selected city is experiencing rapid growth in population. The City Council is worried that this pattern of population growth, combined with concerns over climate change, is beginning to create a number of negative environmental, economic, and social consequences. These include deteriorating infrastructure, increasing traffic congestion, declining air and water quality, and the loss of open space. The City Council has charged you with writing a report that will recommend measures to address the pollution issues and reduce carbon emissions.

 

 

 

Make decisions on the optimal measures for addressing the pollution management issue. Choose four of the following measures based on pollution reduction:

 

 

 

  • Pollution control legislation for point sources
  • Random emission testing
  • Encouraging alternative transportation, walking, and bicycle use
  • Promoting fuel-efficient cars
  • Establishing green spaces or urban forestry
  • Improving roads
  • Encouraging carpooling 

    Write a 700- to 1,050-word summary briefly describing the background information and details. Include the following information:

     

 

  • Describe your selected measures.
  • From an environmental science and climate change perspective, describe the potential effectiveness of your selected measures.
  • Trade-offs for the various pollution reduction measures, including potential improvements in human and ecosystem health: For example, bringing in legislation to install pollution control devices in factories may sound like an effective choice, but installation of such devices is a huge expense, and there is likelihood of strong opposition by business groups.

 

  • Explain the following statement: “Decision-making about environmental issues necessitates the maintenance of a fine balance between the effectiveness of measures and the public reaction towards them.”

Includeat least two outside references. Format your summary consistent with APA guidelines

Define stress, stressors, and coping strategies, and contemplate their relationship to health and wellness

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Psychology of adjustment assignment

Go to NPR’s StoryCorps Website, located at http://www.npr.org/series/4516989/storycorps. Read two (2) articles that were published within the last two (2) months that focus on individuals with major adjustment issues.

Next, use the textbook and the Strayer Library to research evidence-based strategies to help with adjustment. Consider strategies that relate to stress and coping, gender, stages of life, cultural and social issues, and health.

When referencing the selected stories, please use this format:

  • Standard Reference Format:
    • Title of the story [Audio file]. (Year, Month Day). Retrieved from website url.
      • Example:

A homeless teen finds solace in a teacher and a recording [Audio file]. (2014, March 7). Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/2014/03/07/286921391/a-homeless-teen-finds-solace-in-a-teacher-and-a-recording.

  • In-Text Citation Format:
    • The in-text citation for a selected story is an abbreviated version of the title and the year of publication. The abbreviation contains the first three words of the title.
      • Example:

(“A homeless teen,” 2014).

When referencing the textbook, please use this format:

  • Standard Textbook Reference Format:
    • Author’s Name. (Date of publication). Title of the resource. Publisher information.
      • Example:

Santrock, J. (2006). Human adjustment: 2007 custom edition. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.

  • In-Text Citation Format:
    • The in-text citation for the textbook is the author’s last name and year of publication.
      • Example:

(Santrock, 2006).

 

Write a three to six (3-6) page paper in which you:

  1. Summarize two (2) articles you selected from the NPR Website. The two (2) article must be from within the last two (2) months.
  2. Describe the major adjustment issues discussed in each story.
  3. Examine at least three (3) evidence-based strategies from each of the selected articles that could help the individuals in each article enhance their adjustment skills.
  4. For each article, recommend the evidence-based strategy that is best suited for the people in the selected articles. Provide a rationale for your response.
  5. Use at least four (4) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other similar websites do not qualify as academic resources. Each of your selected articles (2) is a source and your textbook should be used as a source. One additional academic source is required for a total of four (4) sources.

 

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required assignment page length.
  • Include a reference page containing APA-formatted references for all sources used in your paper. The reference page is not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

  • Identify contextual variables (e.g., culture) that impact psychological adjustment.
  • Define stress, stressors, and coping strategies, and contemplate their relationship to health and wellness.
  • Identify and describe social psychological phenomena.
  • Describe adult relationships, lifestyles, and issues of parenting and longevity.
  • Identify gender differences and explore gender role stereotypes.
  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in psychology.
  • Write clearly and concisely about psychology using proper writing mechanics.

describe an epidemiologic study

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For the MMWR Term Paper, find a recent publication/paper within CDC’s MMWR fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/ that describes an epidemiologic study. Make sure the article describes an exposure and an outcome that was investigated. Also, make sure that it describes what population was used and how the data on the exposure and outcome were collected.

Make sure the MMWR article is not an announcement, a review of ecological or cross-sectional data or a review of some performance metrics.  You are looking for a study that looked at some cause-effect relationship.

In your paper, your purpose is to apply your learning in epidemiology to make the study and disease/health issue more accessible to an audience (the reader) as well as to analyze the MMWR study over-all.

The paper needs to be 4 pages, double-spaced summarizing the major points of the MMWR investigation/discovery/report. The pages for the APA formatted citations and a cover page are in addition to the 4 content pages.

 

 

The paper should include:

 

Introduction – (1/2 page) Overview of the study outlining the purpose of the MMWR paper (be sure to mention the exact study you are exploring early, if not in the title of your assignment;

 

Body – (3 pages) How the health issue was approached. To do this, you may answer the following questions:

  • How was the disease defined?
  • What was the scope of the study?
  • Did the authors apply descriptive epidemiology and how was it used in the study.
  • What determinants of health were discussed?
  • How did the study address association and/or causality and to what degree is the study asserting a relationship with the disease and risk factors/determinants?
  • What type of study design is this—and is it a good study design for the issue at hand?

 

Conclusion – (1/2 page), provide your own analyses of the MMWR study—if there was anything you would have hoped they included that they didn’t or anything was included which you would not have, and justify your assertions with points from the course or outside sources concerning the disease in question.

 

References – (pages at the end of the paper for APA style references)—you may use outside resources to further your analyses of the study beyond the MMWR posting (which should also be cited);

 

Remember: Times New Roman with 12-point font, the pages should have 1 point spacing (double spaced), and margins should all be 1 inch

How would a person most likely become ill from overly acidic water?

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Question 1

A home gets its water from the public supply. Which of the following would be the best way for the homeowner to obtain a water-quality report?

Purchase a home sampling kit on the Internet Record observations made by smelling and tasting the tap water Request data from the local water treatment facility Ask neighbors for a sample of their water to compare

Question 2

Which of the following is a common source of groundwater pollution?

Oil dumping and oil spills Tossing candy bar wrappers into a stream Flushing household chemicals down the toilet Leaking storage containers outside factories

Question 3

Which of the following is a major cause of waterborne diseases?

Bacteria Particulates Dissolved gases Sediments

Question 4

Which organization is responsible for enforcing clean-water legislation governing water use and quality in the Everglades?

Everglades Police Agency Environmental Protection Agency Clean Water Agency Florida Waterway Patrol

Question 5

Which of the following is caused by pollutants from farm runoff, feedlots, or septic tanks?

Increased fecal coliform Low dissolved oxygen Temperatures greater than 45°C pH below 6.5

Question 6

How would a person most likely become ill from overly acidic water?

The water may contain toxic heavy metals. Low pH is associated with cancer in newborns. Low pH can make water cloudy with suspended particles. There are no ill effects of acidity in water.

Question 7

Which of the following is an action that people in Florida could take to help decrease the turbidity of coastal waters?

Build dams along rivers leading to the coast Reduce erosion by planting trees along the shore Remove photosynthesizing plants from coastal waters Build housing developments on land that borders water bodies

Question 8

Which of the following would most likely be considered nonpoint source pollution?

Animal waste from a local horse farm seeping into the ground Increased turbidity from erosion A car repair shop dumping used oil in the ground A leaky underground oil tank

Question 9 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is an indicator of good water quality?

High levels of nitrates High levels of phosphates Zero turbidity All of the above

Question 10 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is typically associated with a reduction in photosynthesizing plants in a water supply?

An increase in dissolved oxygen A decrease in dissolved oxygen An increase in phosphates A decrease in phosphates

Question 11 (Essay Worth 5 points)

<object:standard:la.910.2.2.3>Summarize your findings from the Water Quality Lab. Be sure to include your observations and the sources of each water-quality issue you investigated.

Question 12 (Essay Worth 5 points)

<object:standard:sc.912.n.1.1; ma.912.s.3.2=””>Dan took three samples of water from the creek behind his house once a month for the last six months. He tested the water and reported the results in the following data table.

Water Quality Indicator Test Results
Dissolved oxygen Dissolved oxygen levels in the last three months decreased rapidly.
Fecal coliform Fecal coliform ranges from a low of 89 colonies per liter to 102 colonies per liter over the six-month period.
Nitrates Nitrate levels ranged from 6 to 7 mg/L.
Phosphates Phosphate levels were between 0.01 mg/L and 0.3 mg/L.
pH The average pH was 6.9.
Turbidity The water was clear in the first few months, but it became increasingly cloudy over time.

Which water-quality indicators would be of concern in this situation? Explain your response. Be sure to discuss any implications these water-quality indicators could have on the environment and human health.