You are to write a 1050 to 1750 word literature review (in addition to the title page and references page) on the articles you selected for Week 2, synthesizing the findings in the articles that you found on your topic.

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Week 3 – Assignment

Literature Review

You are to write a 1050 to 1750 word literature review (in addition to the title page and references page) on the articles you selected for Week 2, synthesizing the findings in the articles that you found on your topic. You may incorporate other articles or references to support your discussion, as needed. Use APA citation and reference guidelines.

What is a literature review?
A literature review is a synthesis and critique of the published research in a given area of research. Your focus is on the findings of the studies you are exploring – their methods, approach, results, and implications – rather than the broad topic overall. It should synthesize findings in specific areas. Thus, you should look for themes in the range of articles and write about them as you group common themes.

Synthesize the material you found. In other words, find connected themes in the different areas you cover. Occasionally you might discuss individual articles, but only if the article is very unique and no other article has similar findings. The synthesis should focus strictly on existing, published research.

What else should you include besides a synthesis of research?
Be sure to include in your review other potential areas that still need to be explored. What unanswered questions are there? What holes are in the research that you have not yet found answers to? What contradictions are in the research will you seek to explore?

Examples of Synthesized Findings for Literature Review:

College students were found to have a large number of conflicts with roommates (Darsey, 2003; Smith, 2001; Yarmouth, 2005). Researchers also found that roommate conflicts were most frequent during the first semester of college (Lotspiech, 2004; Nominskee, 2001; Zackarov, 2000). Morissey (2004) found a reduction of roommate conflicts continued as students progressed from freshman to seniors, with seniors having the fewest roommate conflicts. However, Ellensworth (2001) found no correlation with year in school and frequency of roommate conflict. The contradiction between Ellensworth’s and Morissey’s findings suggest that additional research is needed in this area.

Ellensworth’s (2001) research was strictly quantitative, lacking a full picture of the contexts or reasons for the specific conflicts. It asked people to mark the frequency of their conflicts and types of people with whom they typically disputed. Morissey (2004) conducted interviews that allowed participants to provide an explanation for the reasons for the conflicts, and the contexts (dorm roommates, apartment roommates, house roommates, etc.). However, she interviewed far fewer people than Ellensworth surveyed.

Combining Ellensworth’s surveys with Morissey’s interview questions and utilizing a research team to increase the number of interviews could provide more details about the conflicts and contexts, and allow us to further look into the question of year in school and conflict behavior.

DeSoto (2005) and Craig (2004) found that most students lack an understanding of the term “binge drinking.” This research finding suggests that earlier investigations that utilized the words “binge drinking,” as an identifier for students have limited use. It also suggests that researchers should be very careful when using terms to make sure that research participants fully understand the terms being 

Required Text

Malec, T. & Newman, M. (2013). Research methods: Building a knowledge base. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. ISBN-13: 9781621785743, ISBN-10: 1621785742.
Section 1.6: Writing a Research Proposal
Chapter 2: Research Design, Measurement, and Testing Hypotheses
Appendix: Example of a Research Proposal

Required References

Ijalba, E. (2014). Using qualitative and quantitative methods to conduct research in parent education with immigrant families of children with autism spectrum disorders. London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/978144627305014533926

Recommended References

Anderson, J. D. (2006). Qualitative and quantitative research. Available at http://web20kmg.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/82037432/QualitativeandQuantitativeEvaluationResearch.pdf (Links to an external site.)

Park, J., & Park, M. (2016). Qualitative versus quantitative research methods: Discovery or justification? Journal Of Marketing Thought, 3(1), 1-7. doi: 10.15577/jmt.2016.03.01.1

Your journal will reflect on the personal knowledge and skills gained in this course and should address a variable combination of the following:

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Report Issue

Reflective Journal 

Learners are required to maintain a reflective journal integrating leadership and inquiry into current practice.

Your journal will reflect on the personal knowledge and skills gained in this course and should address a variable combination of the following:

1. New practice approaches

2. Intraprofessional collaboration

3. Health care delivery and clinical systems

4. Ethical considerations in health care

5. Population health concerns

6. The role of technology in improving health care outcomes

7. Health policy

8. Leadership and economic models

9. Health disparities

Learners will outline what they have discovered about their professional practice, personal strengths and weaknesses that surfaced, additional resources and abilities that could be introduced to a given situation to influence optimal outcomes, and finally, how the learner met the competencies aligned to this course.

The purpose is to write a review of the literature on to answer your PICOT question using original research evidence.

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This paper will have an 8-page narrative (8 pages maximum – 5 point deduction for over page limit) plus a title page, abstract page, and reference list. 

You must use a minimum of four original research articles for your paper.

The purpose is to write a review of the literature on to answer your PICOT question using original research evidence. Discuss how this health problem is applicable in both the United States and a non-USA country, and appraise four original research studies on this topic.

This is a scholarly paper, written as if it was a “Review of the Literature” article published in a nursing journal. Select articles published within the past five years (2014 to present).
Do not use a non-peer review journal. Do not use a literature review article or systematic review article or clinical protocols as one of your articles. At least TWO of the four original research report articles MUST BE authored by nurses and published in a peer-reviewed nursing journal.  At least ONE of the two nursing research studies must address nursing practice in a non-USA country.

  • Page 1: Title page Create a title for your paper. Refer to your APA Manual.
  • Page 2: Abstract The abstract should open with a sentence that will serve as an introduction to and purpose of the paper. Then describe what is in each part of the paper. An abstract is usually a brief outline of the contents of the paper that typically does not exceed 250 words. At the end of the abstract place the phrase Key Words, and denote 3-4 keywords that would describe your paper (as for publication and indexing in CINAHL or PubMed).
  • Pages 3-11: Narrative
    • Heading: Significance and Background: Start the paper with a short paragraph that introduces the health problem in your PICOT question. (Approximately ½-page).
    • Heading: Purpose: Clearly define the global health problem, and discuss why it is important for nursing (why you are discussing this topic).  Discuss what is known about this problem in the United States and in a non-USA country.  For example, if the focus is adult hypertension, discuss guidelines for defining hypertension in the US and in a non-USA country.  (Approximately 1 page).
    • Heading: Methods: Discuss the methods used to select the following research studies.
      Next use the subheading:
      • Sub-headings: Study #1: Nursing research Study in the USA (Approximately 1½ pages)
      • Sub-headings: Study #2: Nursing Research Study Non-USA (Approximately 1½ pages)
      • Sub-headings: Study #3: Nursing Research Study USA or Non-USA (Approximately 1½ pages)
      • Sub-headings: Study #4: Nursing Research Study USA or Non-USA (Approximately 1½ pages)
    • Heading: Conclusion.  Summarize the key points from your discussion. How would you translate (use) the new evidence found from your appraisals to change practice or answer your PICOT question? (Approximately 1 page).
  • Page 12+: Reference page: Refer to your APA Manual.

This review is a scholarly paper in APA format and with at least three APA references (two articles and textbook), cited both in the text and the reference page.

You are assessing the payer–patient mix for a healthcare organization. Currently, your payer mix is 40% Medicare, 10% Medicaid, 25% traditional indemnity insurance, 20% managed care, and 5% self-pay patients.

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Case Study: 

You are assessing the payer–patient mix for a healthcare organization. Currently, your payer mix is 40% Medicare, 10% Medicaid, 25% traditional indemnity insurance, 20% managed care, and 5% self-pay patients. Complete the following:

  • Using the most common office visit, CPT code 99214, determine the reimbursement from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (online fee schedule available for Medicare).
  • Using the same CPT code, 99214, determine the reimbursement for Medicaid (fee schedules should be available from the individual state).
  • Using the same CPT code, 99214, create at least 3 other traditional indemnity insurance reimbursements. If possible, use the actual reimbursement from the insurance carrier. It may be possible to obtain actual reimbursement information from your personal insurance carrier. If the information is not available, assume reimbursement by traditional indemnity insurance is usually 200% reimbursed more than Medicare and Medicaid, and managed care is usually 133% more than Medicare and Medicaid.
  • Compose an accounts receivable benchmark from this information showing columns for current, 30–60, 61–90, 90–120, and greater than 120 days.
  • Assess the information for areas of improved reimbursement of at least 20% or more.
  • Evaluate the options available to change the payer–patient mix with consideration of related legal and ethical issues.
  • Propose a best strategy with justification and rationale based on effective decision-making tenets.