How Institutional Conceptual Frameworks Influence Ethical Decision Making

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Write a 2-3 page paper that examines end-of-life issues in relationship to hospitals, professional ethics, and accrediting bodies.
How Institutional Conceptual Frameworks Influence Ethical Decision Making
We wrap things up by exploring institutions and groups designed to help ensure that hospital staff at all levels think and act ethically in caring for patients. Accrediting bodies are oversight agencies charged with performing accreditation of hospitals and helping to establish standards for health care delivery. Their aim is to keep the quality of care as high as possible and to make sure the care is delivered ethically. Ethics committees are groups of individuals within hospitals that meet regularly to advise staff on ethically difficult cases and to promote an ethical institutional culture.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

  • Competency 2: Apply sound ethical thinking related to a health care issue. 
    • Demonstrate sound ethical thinking in applying ethical principles and moral theories to a specific case.
  • Competency 3: Analyze ethical issues associated with patient care from the perspectives of various health care professionals. 
    • Explain professional codes of ethics and apply them in to a specific case.
  • Competency 4: Explain the conceptual framework that health care leaders use to make ethical decisions. 
    • Explain organizational documents like mission and value statements and use them to analyze a case study.
    • Explain the role of accrediting bodies and applies this understanding in analyzing a case study.
  • Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with health care professionals. 
    • Provides validation and support within written communications by including relevant examples and supporting evidence using APA citations.
    • Produce writing with minimal errors in grammar, usage, spelling, and mechanics.
  • Preparation
    Complete the Case Study: Tonya Archer media activity, which is linked later in this assessment.
    Before you begin creating your submission for this assessment, make sure you have worked through the Tonya Archer case study. This will provide the foundational context for the assessment, for which you will be carrying out independent research by using the Internet to complete the following:
  • Identify the professional code of ethics for your professional specialty or a specialty that you are interested in.
  • With a local hospital in mind (perhaps one you work for), locate the mission, vision, and values statement of that hospital.
  • After you identify the professional ethics code and the hospital mission, vision, and values statements relevant to your work and interests, it may be useful to complete the following:
  • Identify which item in the ethical code you believe is the most important and explain why.
  • Name something in the code you would like to see addressed in more depth. Why?
  • Which item in the code do you think would be the most challenging to follow and why?
  • Does your code make an explicit distinction between what is legal and what is ethical? That is, is the code clear that, while an action may be legal, it may not be ethical?
  • Finally, how well does your professional code of ethics align with the mission and values statement of your hospital? Can you imagine a situation in which following one would make it challenging to follow the other?
  • Instructions
    For this assessment you will apply some concepts we have learned in the course, particularly those relating to the basic principles of health care ethics, professional codes of ethics, and values of health care institutions. 
    Write a paper that answers the following questions as it relates to the Tonya Archer Case Study:
  • What are the most relevant end-of-life issues in health care ethics as they relate to this case?
  • What should the hospital do? Should doctors simply keep Tonya on life support, as the parents want? Or, since all medical evidence indicates that Tonya’s brain damage is permanent, should life support be removed?
  • Support your answer with the following considerations in mind:
  • Explain which principles of health care ethics and which moral theory are the best philosophical foundations for your view.
  • Is your view supported by your professional code of ethics? If so, explain how. If not, explain what your code gets wrong about a case like this.
  • Is your view consistent with the mission statement and values of the hospital you identified in your independent research you conducted to prepare to complete this assessment?
  • Would an accrediting body, like the Joint Commission, support your choice? Why or why not?
  • Submission Requirements
    Your paper should meet the following requirements:
  • Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
  • APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style and formatting guidelines.
  • Length: 2–3 typed, double-spaced pages.
  • Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.

Post an explanation about the importance of weighting in secondary data.

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400 words not including title &ref min 3 APA

Be on time & Original work

 

 

secondary data are data that were collected by another person or party for a different purpose. Therefore, some important information for your research question may not have been collected. You may also encounter imbalances in subject distribution or incomplete data that could present problems within the analysis or the interpretation of results from secondary data research. The study population that provided the original data may not always represent the overall population of your study’s target population. The demographics of the study population could be the intended result of original study design or unintended results of respondents’ preference. For example, the proportion of female participants in the overall population may be higher or lower than its proportion in the study population.

In secondary data analysis, you cannot solve these issues by changing the original study design or returning to the study participants. Instead, you need to manage these issues as part of your own study design and within the analysis of the secondary data. The techniques of handling these problems include weighting, imputing the missing data, and dropping records. To apply these techniques, you need to assess if sample weighting is feasible for your study design (Boslaugh, 2007).

 

Post an explanation about the importance of weighting in secondary data. Then, provide two examples of how you might use weighting and explain why. Support your response with literature

 
 
 

Introduction To Communication

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Instructions

For this, you will be asked to generate posts on social media as it is used by businesses.

Your current employer is interested in using various social media to increase the company/organization’s profile in the area. The company/organization has also recently introduced a new product or service that your boss wants the general public to know about. You have been asked to create the initial contact to the public on both Facebook and Twitter.

1. Select a product or service that is appropriate either for your current job or for the career you intend to have.

2. Create two Facebook posts of up 100 words each announcing the product/service to the company’s Facebook audience and two tweets (limit 140 characters including spaces) for the company’s Twitter audience announcing the new product or service. These should be written as if they will be posted to social media, but should be submitted as a Word document.

3. Keep in mind the conventions of social media. Grammar and spelling are critically important, as is maintaining professionalism while still being fun and welcoming to customers or clients.

4. Write a 2-3 paragraph reflection on how you approached these posts and how writing social media posts for a professional entity like a business differs from your personal use of social media.

 
 
 

Stress And Depression

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For this Discussion, review this week’s Learning Resources as well as the “Stress, Depression, and the Immune Response” section of the “Stress, the Immune System, Chronic Illness, and Your Body” handout. Then reflect on the different ways stress, the stress response, and depression are connected. Finally, consider what part depression plays in the immune and inflammatory response systems.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post by Day 4 an explanation of the relationships between stress and depression. Then describe two factors of stress response that influence the development of depression and explain how. Finally, explain the influence of depression on the immune and inflammatory response systems. Be specific.

 

 

Readings

  • Course Text: Baum, A., Lorduy, K., & Jenkins, F. J. (2011). The molecular biology of stress: Cellular defense, immune response, and aging. In R. J. Contrada & A. Baum (Eds.), The handbook of stress science: Biology, psychology, and health (pp. 87–100). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Course Text: Bekkouche, N. S., Holmes, S., Whittaker, K. S., & Krantz, D. S. (2011). Stress and the heart: Psychosocial stress and coronary heart disease. In R. J. Contrada & A. Baum (Eds.), The handbook of stress science: Biology, psychology, and health (p. 394). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
    • Read the section titled “Psychosocial Traits Associated With Chronic Stress and CAD”
  • Course Text: Gatchel, R. J., Howard, K., & Haggard, R. (2011). Pain: The biopsychosocial perspective. In R. J. Contrada & A. Baum (Eds.), The handbook of stress science: Biology, psychology, and health (pp. 461–474). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Course Text: Grant, K. E., McMahon, S. D., Duffy, S. N., Taylor, J. J., & Compas, B. E. (2011). Stressors and mental health problems in childhood and adolescence. In R. J. Contrada & A. Baum (Eds.), The handbook of stress science: Biology, psychology, and health (pp. 359–372). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company. 
  • Course Text: Gutman, D. A., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2011). Stress and depression. In R. J. Contrada & A. Baum (Eds.), The handbook of stress science: Biology, psychology, and health (pp. 345–357). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Course Text: Perez, G. K., Cruess, D. G., & Kalichman, S. C. (2011). Effects of stress on health in HIV/AIDS. In R. J. Contrada & A. Baum (Eds.), The handbook of stress science: Biology, psychology, and health (p. 451). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
    • Read the section titled “Depression Among PLWHA”
  • Article: National Institute of Mental Health. (2008, July 29). Errant stress/immune indicators detected in depression-prone women’s sweat. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/science-news/2008/errant-stress-immune-indicators-detected-in-depression-prone-womens-sweat.shtml/
  • Article: Wilson, D. R., & Warise, L. (2008). Cytokines and their role in depression. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 44(4), 285–289.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
  • Handout: Laureate Education, Inc. (2012). Stress, the immune system, chronic illness, and your body. Unpublished document. 
    • Read the sections titled “Stress, Depression, and the Immune Response,” “Chronic Illness,” and “Autoimmune Disease.” 
  • Web Resource: American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association, Inc. (n.d.). List of autoimmune and autoimmune-related diseases. Retrieved from http://www.aarda.org/autoimmune-information/list-of-diseases/
  • Website: National Institutes of Health. (2012). Health information. Retrieved from http://www.health.nih.gov/
  • Web Resource: National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). Health topics: Depression. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml  

Media

  • Podcast: Hernan, S. (Producer). (2010, November 1). Stress, inflammation, and depression [Audio podcast]. Neuroscene. Retrieved from http://neuroscene.com/?p=225
    Used with permission of NeuroScene. All rights reserved.  
    • Transcript
  • Podcast: National Institute of Mental Health. (Producer). (2010, November 23). NIMH investigators talk about new evidence that suggests exercise and positive environment can help hedge against stress related depression [Audio podcast]. NIH Radio. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/media/2010/positive-measures-to-fight-depression.shtml