Regularization

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Regularization can be an indirect form of variable selection. When regularization makes coefficients very small, it is suggesting you drop those variables from the model entirely. There are many other forms of variable selection (also known as feature selection) out there. Some are direct i.e. they tell you explicitly to not include the variable in the model. Others are indirect, like regularization which will shrink the coefficients of unwanted variables to zero.

Please choose one of these variable selection methods and discuss it. Tell us what it does exactly. Discuss its pro’s and con’s versus other variable selection methods. Discuss a situation where you might apply this method. Then reply to two of your classmate’s posts with an actual example where it’s used and give a brief summary. Cite references. If it’s from the internet, a link to the analysis will suffice for citation purposes.

Workshop Evaluation

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When developing an evaluation of your stress management workshop, identify your intention for the workshops overall outcome. Then consider the outcome of your workshop using the following measures:

  • How might you define or determine whether the workshop was successful? 
  • Consider asking what has changed. Has the program made a difference? 
  • Are behavioral changes going to occur? What behavior shifts have already occurred? 
  • How are the participants lives changed? 
  • Do they feel confident with the tools they were given? 
  • Can participants envision a previous stressful experience where the application of these tools would have benefited them? 
  • How well was the information relayed? Was the environment comfortable? 
  • Are there wider ripples of social effect due to the resulting policy changes or institutional practice?

For the assignment, you continue to build on your Final Project. Review the Evaluation of the Guided Imagery Workshop handout provided. Also, conduct an Internet search for additional examples of reputable workshop evaluations. Then, consider the various evaluation methods and select an evaluation method appropriate for your stress management workshop. 

The Assignment (23 pages)

  • Using APA essay format, describe the type of evaluation method you might use to examine the effectiveness of your stress management workshop and justify your selection.
  • Develop your evaluation form and include it as an appendix to the above justification.
  • Include a list of references in APA format.

Readings

  • Book Chapter: Spaulding, D.T. (2008). . In Program evaluation in practice: Core concepts and examples for discussion and analysis (pp. 335). San Francisco, CA: JosseyBass.
    Program Evaluation in Practice: Core Concepts and Examples for Discussion and Analysis, 1st Edition by Spaulding, D.T. Copyright 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. – Books. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. – Books via the Copyright Clearance Center.
  • Article: American Cancer Society. (2008). Humor therapy. Retrieved from
  • Article: Benham, G. (2010). Sleep: An important factor in stress-health models. Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 26(3), 204214.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
  • Article: Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2011). How much sleep do adults need? Retrieved from
  • Article: Capaldi, V. F., II, Guerrero, M. L., & Kilgore W. D. (2011). Sleep disruptions among returning combat veterans from Iraq and Afghanistan. Military Medicine, 176(8), 879888.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
  • Article: DEon, M., Sadownik, L., Harrison, A., & Nation, J. (2008). Using self-assessment to detect workshop success: Do they work? American Journal of Evaluation, 29(1), 9298.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Sage Premier 2012 database.
  • Article: Frick, L. R., Rapanelli, M., Bussmann, U. A., Klecha, A. J., Barreiro Arcos, M. L., Genaro, A. M., & Cremaschi, G. A. (2009). Involvement of thyroid hormones in the alterations of T-cell immunity and tumor progression induced by chronic stress. Biological Psychiatry, 65(11), 935942.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the ScienceDirect Health Sciences Subject Collection database.
  • Article: Martin, R. A. (2002). Is laughter the best medicine? Humor, laughter, and physical health. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11(6), 216220.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database. 
  • Article: National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. (2010). What is sleep apnea? Retrieved from
  • Article: National Institute on Aging. (2011). A good nights sleep. Retrieved from
  • Article: National Sleep Foundation. (2011). Healthy sleep tips. Retrieved from
  • Article: National Sleep Foundation. (2011). Trauma and sleep. Retrieved from
  • Article: Rowe, A., & Regehr, C. (2010). Whatever gets you through today: An examination of cynical humor among emergency service professionals. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 15(5), 448464.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
  • Article: Steinert, Y., Boillat, M., Meterissian, S., Liben, S., & McLeod, P. J. (2008). Developing successful workshops: A workshop for educators. Medical Teacher, 30(3), 328330.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
  • Article: Stokenberga, I. (2008). Humorous personality: Relationship to stress and well-being. Baltic Journal of Psychology, 9(1/2), 7084.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
  • Article: Vandekerckhove, M., & Cluydts, R. 2010). The emotional brain and sleep: An intimate relationship. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(4), 219226.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library using the ScienceDirect Health Sciences Subject Collection database.

Answer 3 Question with SPSS And Validity

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For this Knowledge Assessment, you calculate the concurrent validity coefficient between a predictor scale and criterion measure in the dataset provided. First, you will be guided through the process of how to create new variable scales. Then, you calculate the validity measure on one of the scales.

The MoneyData.sav dataset that you have been provided contains three scales that measure financial attitudes:

LIFESTYLE (L1 to L6) measures the desire for a luxurious lifestyle

DEPENDENCE (D1 to D6) measures the tendency to depend on others for financial support (high scores) vs. supporting others (low scores)

RISKTAKING (R1 to R6) measures the tendency to take financial risks in investments and careers

Create Three New Variables Showing the Scores on These Three Scales

To create the RISKTAKING scale, click on TRANSFORM>COMPUTE VARIABLE. In the Target Variable field, type RISKTAKING. In the Numeric Expression field, type SUM(R1 TO R6).

To create the DEPENDENCE scale, click on TRANSFORM>COMPUTE VARIABLE. In the Target Variable field, type DEPENDENCE. In the Numeric Expression field, type SUM(D1 TO D6).

On the LIFESTYLE items, item L6 (Id rather have a modest lifestyle because it is less stressful) is scored in the reverse direction from the other items. People endorsing this item want a less extravagant lifestyle; endorsing the other items suggests the desire for a more extravagant lifestyle. The scoring on this item needs to be reversed. To create the reversed L6 item, click on TRANSFORM>COMPUTE VARIABLE. In the Target Variable field, type L6R. In the Numeric Expression field, type 6 L6. By subtracting the item responses from six, they are reversed: 5 becomes 1, 4 becomes 2, etc. To create the LIFESTYLE scale, click on TRANSFORM>COMPUTE VARIABLE. In the Target Variable field, type LIFESTYLE. In the Numeric Expression field, type SUM(L1 TO L5, L6R).

Calculate a Validity Measure for One of the Scales

There are a number of other variables in the data file, such as income, sex, age, and marital status. Create a hypothesis about an expected correlation. Here is an example: You might expect financially dependent people to have lower incomes. So, you would predict a negative correlation between DEPENDENCE and participant income (INC1). If you use SPSS to calculate the correlation between dependence and income, (ANALYZE>CORRELATE>BIVARIATE ) you get r = – .192, p < .001. This confirms the hypothesis and gives evidence for the validity of the Dependence scale.

Think of another relationship that might support the validity of one of the scales, and then test your hypothesis using the data. You will need to submit:

Your validity hypothesis and a brief explanation about why you expect the hypothesis to be supported.

The results of your statistical test of your validity hypothesis.

Your conclusion about validity given the results of your statistical test.

PLEASE ANSWER THE 3 QUESITONS with this data”

 

QUESTION 1

  1. Submit: Your validity hypothesis and a brief explanation about why you expect the hypothesis to be supported.–

3.33 points   

QUESTION 2

  1. Submit: The results of your statistical test of your validity hypothesis.

3.33 points   

QUESTION 3

  1. Submit: Your conclusion about validity given the results of your statistical test.

.3.34

 

Case Study: Mrs. J.

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Case Study: Mrs. J. 

It is necessary for an RN-BSN-prepared nurse to demonstrate an enhanced understanding of the pathophysiological processes of disease, the clinical manifestations and treatment protocols, and how they affect clients across the life span.

Evaluate the Health History and Medical Information for Mrs. J., presented below.

Based on this information, formulate a conclusion based on your evaluation, and complete the Critical Thinking Essay assignment, as instructed below.

Health History and Medical Information

Health History

Mrs. J. is a 63-year-old married woman who has a history of hypertension, chronic heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite requiring 2L of oxygen/nasal cannula at home during activity, she continues to smoke two packs of cigarettes a day and has done so for 40 years. Three days ago, she had sudden onset of flu-like symptoms including fever, productive cough, nausea, and malaise. Over the past 3 days, she has been unable to perform ADLs and has required assistance in walking short distances. She has not taken her antihypertensive medications or medications to control her heart failure for 3 days. Today, she has been admitted to the hospital ICU with acute decompensated heart failure and acute exacerbation of COPD.

Subjective Data

  1. Is very anxious and asks whether she is going to die.
  2. Denies pain but says she feels like she cannot get enough air.
  3. Says her heart feels like it is “running away.”
  4. Reports that she is exhausted and cannot eat or drink by herself.

Objective Data

  1. Height 175 cm; Weight 95.5kg.
  2. Vital signs: T 37.6C, HR 118 and irregular, RR 34, BP 90/58.
  3. Cardiovascular: Distant S1, S2, S3 present; PMI at sixth ICS and faint: all peripheral pulses are 1+; bilateral jugular vein distention; initial cardiac monitoring indicates a ventricular rate of 132 and atrial fibrillation.
  4. Respiratory: Pulmonary crackles; decreased breath sounds right lower lobe; coughing frothy blood-tinged sputum; SpO2 82%.
  5. Gastrointestinal: BS present: hepatomegaly 4cm below costal margin.

Intervention

The following medications administered through drug therapy control her symptoms:

  1. IV furosemide (Lasix)
  2. Enalapril (Vasotec)
  3. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
  4. IV morphine sulphate (Morphine)
  5. Inhaled short-acting bronchodilator (ProAir HFA)
  6. Inhaled corticosteroid (Flovent HFA)
  7. Oxygen delivered at 2L/ NC

Critical Thinking Essay

In 750-1,000 words, critically evaluate Mrs. J.’s situation. Include the following:

  1. Describe the clinical manifestations present in Mrs. J.
  2. Discuss whether the nursing interventions at the time of her admissions were appropriate for Mrs. J. and explain the rationale for each of the medications listed.
  3. Describe four cardiovascular conditions that may lead to heart failure and what can be done in the form of medical/nursing interventions to prevent the development of heart failure in each condition.
  4. Taking into consideration the fact that most mature adults take at least six prescription medications, discuss four nursing interventions that can help prevent problems caused by multiple drug interactions in older patients. Provide a rationale for each of the interventions you recommend.
  5. Provide a health promotion and restoration teaching plan for Mrs. J., including multidisciplinary resources for rehabilitation and any modifications that may be needed. Explain how the rehabilitation resources and modifications will assist the patients’ transition to independence.
  6. Describe a method for providing education for Mrs. J. regarding medications that need to be maintained to prevent future hospital admission. Provide rationale.
  7. Outline COPD triggers that can increase exacerbation frequency, resulting in return visits. Considering Mrs. J.’s current and long-term tobacco use, discuss what options for smoking cessation should be offered.

You are required to cite to a minimum of two sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.