Law in Practice

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Pick 1 topic only and discuss each specific question within the essay question. The essay must be 4-6 full double spaced typed pages (12 font, 1” margins). Please refer to the syllabus for the policy on plagiarism. Any instance of plagiarism will result in an automatic ZERO points for the paper.

Paper Topics

  1. It’s Not What It Seems: Law in Practice
    In Chapter 6, Calavita discusses the gap between law-in-action and law-on-the-books in several different ways (e.g. law as dormant or as partial/selective nonenforcement). She also discusses the need to study law in action because “real law” affects peoples’ lives and also shows us “workings of the law” and “the workings of society” (Calavita 2010: 114). Pick at least THREE of the following articles to discuss how they highlight the gap between law-in-action and law-on-the-books AND how their research reveals the workings of law and of society and how law perpetuates existing social inequalities.

• Hunt, Jennifer. 1986. Police Uses of ‘Normal Force.’
• Frohmann, Lisa. 1997. “Convictability and Discordant Locales: Reproducing Race, Class, & Gender Ideology in Prosecutorial Decisionmaking.” Law & Society Review 31:531-55.
• Emerson, Robert. “Holistic Effects in Social Control Decision-Making.”
• Sudnow, David. 1965. “Normal Crimes: Sociological Features of the Penal Code in a Public Defender Office.” Social Problems. 12 (3): 255-276
• Harris, Alexes, Heather Evans, and Katherine Beckett. 2010. “Drawing Blood from Stones: Legal Debt and Social Inequality in the Contemporary United States.” American Journal of Sociology 115(6): 1753-1799
• Calavita, Kitty. 2000. “The Paradoxes of Race, Class, Identity, and “Passing”: Enforcing the Chinese Exclusion Acts, 1882-1910.” Law & Social Inquiry 25 (1): 1-40

  1. Law and Race
    In Chapter 4, Calavita discusses how law has helped to construct (historically and currently) “categories of race and their meanings” (page 63). Pick at least THREE of these readings to discuss the role of legal actors, law and legal processes in defining or reifying meanings of race. Make sure to discuss the implications, not just for the people (e.g., defendants or litigants) going through the justice system, but also for American society in general regarding race relations, racial inequality, and/or racism.

• Eberhardt, Jennifer, Goff, Phillip, Purdie, Valerie, and Paul Davies. 2004. “Seeing Black: Race, Crime, and Visual Processing.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87: 876 – 893
• Frohmann, Lisa. 1997. “Convictability and Discordant Locales: Reproducing Race, Class, & Gender Ideology in Prosecutorial Decisionmaking.” Law & Society Review 31:531-55.
• Selections from Gonzalez Van Cleve, Nicole. 2016. Crook County: Racism and Injustice in America’s Largest Criminal Court
• Calavita, Kitty. 2000. “The Paradoxes of Race, Class, Identity, and “Passing”: Enforcing the Chinese Exclusion Acts, 1882-1910.” Law & Social Inquiry 25 (1): 1-40

Sample Solution

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Successful Treatment Plan

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Review and reflect on the Successful Treatment Plan Discussion Board. Based on your review and reflection of new learnings in this course, write at least 400–600 words on the following:

What have you learned from others’ responses?
What were the most compelling points from the interaction with your fellow students?
How did participating in this discussion help in your understanding of the Discussion Board task?
What approaches could have yielded additional valuable information in the students’ networking?
What is still unclear after the discussion with your classmates that needs to be clarified?
Post to review is

Creating a treatment plan entails a comprehensive approach of strengths and weaknesses. A well constructed plan consists of tools and strategies working together in the best interest of the client. A treatment plan can be viewed as a road map that takes the client from their addiction to recovery. The most important aspect of a treatment plan is matching treatment settings, interventions, and services. It is critical that the setting, interventions, and services presented meet the needs of the individual. If an individual does not agree with their treatment plan, they may not be willing to put forth the effort needed for a successful recovery. Another important aspect of the recovery process is that the client is apart of a successful treatment plan. If the client is not in an appropriate treatment program, their recovery process won’t be successful. In order to place a participant in a successful treatment plan, you will need to know their history. You will need to know their drug history, their psychiatric history, their family history, and their medical history. Knowing their history helps you better understand your client and their potential needs. A client who participates in a successful treatment approach which meets their needs and addictions, should be able to return to society as a productive member.

Individuals who enter into treatment without a plan or within the middle of the process can become lost. These individuals become discouraged and begin to think that treatment is not working for them. Discouraged addicts often stop trying and often leave the treatment early, but this can be avoided. Individuals who start at the beginning of the treatment process, who have a plan, and know what the process is, have shown to be successful. Individuals who participate in the program for longer periods of time have also been shown successful. History further suggests that a client who participates in a program that consists of three months or longer such as a 12-step program is more successful. A 12-step program is based on the client, their needs, and their processing time frame. Programs such as the 12-step program knows that it takes a full 3 months to significantly reduce drug use. These programs are also aware that individuals who leave treatment prematurely are more likely to relapse.

Several techniques should be put into place to help a client become successful in the recovery process. One of those techniques would include prescription medications. Prescribing medication to a recovering addict helps to ease the cravings. Another technique used to help a recovering addict become successful is education. Educating the client on the effects of drug use on the body and mind helps them to understand the detrimental effects of their addiction. Keeping records of the recovery process and staying engaged in the patient’s recovery, are other techniques that aid in helping clients become successful. Helping a client stay focused on the positive consequences and rewards of recovery is another essential aspect of the recovery process.

Sample Solution

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The US health care system.

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Health care planners could be more effective and efficient if they used the concept of the natural history of disease and the levels of prevention to design services that intervene at the weakest link in the chain of progression of specific diseases. Instead, most focus on high-technology solutions to preventable problems. Assess the characteristics of the medical care culture that encourage the latter approach.
Hospitals and other health care institutions, whether voluntary or for-profit, need to be financially solvent to survive growing market pressures. Describe how this “bottom line” focus has changed the nature of the US health care system.
The insurance industry plays a huge role in the American health care system and absorbs a significant portion of the health care dollar. A single payer system, whether it is a private company or the US government, would eliminate the complex insurance paperwork burden and free substantial funds that could be diverted to support care for the under-served. Why do you believe that so much resistance to a concept used in every other developed country has continued in the U.S.?

Sample Solution

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“Individualism as an American Cultural Value”

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1) For Thai people, what are the kinds of private topics about which it would be rude to inquire? How do these differ from topics that are taboo among Americans?

2) How do concepts of friendship and privacy differ in the author’s experience with Thai and American culture?

3) How do the examples involving the child who has fallen, the way food is served and eaten, and the newspaper route provide the author with significant insights into American cultural values? Do you agree with her interpretations?

4) What incidents in your own experience illustrate the value placed on individualism in American culture, a value that those from other cultures might find strange?

Sample Solution

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