Uncategorized – Page 1602 – Homework Handlers

Behavioral and Cognitive approaches

May 31, 2023/in Uncategorized /by SK

ALL WORK MUST BE COMPLETED ON TIME AND ALL WORK MUST BE ORIGINAL AS IT GOES THROUGH A TURNITIN PROGRAM ALL QUESTIONS MUST BE ANSWERED COMPLETELY

Behavioral and Cognitive approaches

There are two primary theoretical perspectives that you will be examining throughout this course—the behavioral approach and the cognitive approach. As you begin this course, it is important to understand the foundation for each of these theories and how they differ from each other. As you come to understand these two perspectives, consider which of these is a good fit for your perspective on learning and behavior. Alternatively, you may find that you prefer a combination of the two, which is the basis for the cognitive-behavioral theory of learning.

Using the module readings, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research the behavioral approach and cognitive approach. Conduct two searches using the following phrases:

Behavioral theory of learning
Cognitive theory of learning

Place quotation marks around the phrase you are searching for so your search engine is more effective in locating relevant results.

Then, address the following:

Describe the foundational principles of each approach.
Compare and contrast the two approaches, specifically detailing where they differ from each other.
State which of the two approaches you most identify with. Give reasons for your answers.

Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Be sure to include a title page and a reference page. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M1_A3.doc

PSY Online Exam2

May 31, 2023/in Uncategorized /by SK

This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any image; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

PowerPoint Presentations for

Psychology

The Science of Behavior

Seventh Edition

Neil R. Carlson,

Harold Miller, C. Donald Heth,

John W. Donahoe, and

G. Neil Martin

Prepared by Linda Fayard

Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College

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Chapter 6

Sensation

Sensory Processing

Vision

Audition

The Chemical Senses

The Somatosenses

Sensory Processing

- Transduction

- Sensory Coding

Psychophysics

Sensory Coding

The codes used by the sensory systems to transmit information to the brain
Two general forms:
Anatomical coding
Temporal coding

Psychophysics

Studies the relationship between physical stimuli and perceptual experience
Just Noticeable Difference (JND) – smallest difference in a stimulus that a person can detect
Signal-detection theory – a mathematical theory of the detection of stimuli

Figure 6.2: Hypothetical Range of Perceived Brightness (in jnds) as a Function of Intensity

Figure 6.3: Four Possibilities in Judging the Presence or Absence of a Stimulus

Figure 6.4: A Receiver-Operating-Characteristic (ROC) Curve

Figure 6.5: Two ROC Curves

Vision

Light
The Eye and Its Functions
Transduction of Light by Photoreceptors
Adaptation to Light and Dark
Eye Movements
Color Vision

Light

Figure 6.6: The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The Eye and Its Functions

Figure 6.7: A Cross Section of the Human Eye

The Eye and Its Functions

Figure 6.7: Lenses Used to Correct Nearsightedness and Farsightedness

Adaptation to Light and Dark

When you enter a dark room after being in a brightly lit room or in sunlight, it takes some time to adjust your eyes to the dark.
Dark adaptation – process of being able to distinguish dimly illuminated objects after going from a bright region into a dark one

Transduction of Light by Photoreceptors

Figure 6.12: Transduction of Light into Neural Activity

Eye Movements

Conjugate movements – require both eyes to remain fixed on the same target
Saccadic movements – abrupt shifts in gaze from one point to another
Pursuit movements – include tracking a moving object

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Color Vision

Figure 6.14: Hue, Brightness, and Saturation

Figure 15: Additive Color Mixing

- Hue: related to wavelength

- Brightness: related to intensity of light

Saturation: related to purity

Figure 6.16: Additive Color Mixing and Paint Mixing

Figure 6.17: A Negative Afterimage

Defects in Color Vision

- Protanopia: red cones filled with green photopigment

- Deuteranopia: green cones filled with red photopigment

Tritanopia: lack of blue cones

Audition

- Sound

- The Ear and Its Functions

Detection and Localizing Sounds in the Environment

Sound

Figure 6.19: Sound Waves

Figure 6.20: The Physical and Perceptual Dimensions of Sound Waves

The Ear and Its Functions

Figure 6.21: Anatomy of the Auditory System

Figure 6.22: Response to Sound Waves

Figure 6.23: The Transduction of Sound Vibrations in the Auditory System

Detecting and Localizing Sounds in the Environment

Pitch and loudness
Timbre
Perception of environmental sounds
Locating the source of a sound

Detecting and Localizing Sounds in the Environment

Two systems:

Low frequency – difference in arrival time

High frequency – difference in intensity

Figure 6.26: Localizing the Source of High-Frequency Sounds

The Chemical Senses

- Gustation

Olfaction

Gustation

- Taste Receptors and the Sensory Pathway

The Five Qualities of Taste
Bitterness
Sourness
Sweetness
Saltiness
Umami

Olfaction

Anatomy of the Olfactory System

The Dimensions of Odor

Figure 6.30: The Olfactory System

The Dimension of Odor

Humans can recognize up to 10,000 different odors
Not yet known exactly which molecules stimulate which receptors

The Somatosenses

The Skin Senses
Touch and pressure
Temperature
Pain
The Internal Senses
The Vestibular Senses

The Skin Senses

Figure 6.32: Sensory Receptors

Figure 6.33: The Method for Determining the Two-Point Discrimination Threshold

The Internal Senses

There are sensory receptors located in our internal organs, bones and joints, and muscles that convey painful, neutral, and in some cases pleasurable sensory information

The Vestibular Senses

Sense of balance
Vestibular apparatus – contributes to balance and head movement
Semicircular canal – responds to

rotational movement of head

Vestibular sac – detects change

in the tilt of the head

Figure 6.34: The Three Semicircular Canals and Two Vestibular Sacs in the Inner Ear

Explain and evaluate the notions of Karma, samsara, and Nirvana.

May 31, 2023/in Uncategorized /by SK

1) Explain and evaluate the notions of Karma, samsara, and Nirvana.
2) Explain and evaluate the Hindu ideas of Brahman, atman and reality.
3) Explain the Buddha’s four noble truths. Is he correct in his view?
4) Explain and evaluate the “Eight Fold Path”. Is this a reasonable philosophy for life?
5) Explain the connection or relationship between Tao, Yin, and Yang.
6) Explain and evaluate Lao Tzu’s notion of effortless non-striving.
7) Explain and evaluate Confucius’s principle of Mean.
8) Explain and evaluate the views of Murasaki Shikibu and the role and status of women.

9) Explain and evaluate the argument of St. Anselm for God’s existence.
10) Explain and evaluate Guanilo’s objection to the ontological argument.
11) Summarize and evaluate St. Thomas Aquinas’s Five Ways.
12) Leibniz claims that this is the “best of all possible worlds”. A) Why does he say this? B) Do you agree with his assertion?
13) Explain and evaluate Friedrich Nietzsche’s claim that “God is dead!”
14) Explain and evaluate the views the views of William James regarding religious belief.
15) Explain how it is possible that your religious views are right and yet everyone else’s (expect those who believe as you) are wrong.

Personal Perspective

May 31, 2023/in Uncategorized /by SK

In what ways will Social Cognitive inspire changes to your personal schemas and behaviors? Will these changes mitigate personal bias; create new biases, or some combination of both of these? How will these changes affect dissertation research? [Provide 3 references and in-text citations. One reference & citation per question. Original Writing only.]

Behavioral and Cognitive approaches

PSY Online Exam2

Explain and evaluate the notions of Karma, samsara, and Nirvana.

Personal Perspective

Experience

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