Determining A Diagnosis

A counselor’s own perception of psychopathology is extremely important in the diagnostic process.  Using the case study of “Tina”, write a 500-750 word essay in which you examine your thought process about her presenting issues. Include the following in your paper:

1.Discuss the historic and cross-cultural perspectives of psychopathology that could potential impact the diagnosis and treatment of Tina.

2.After reviewing the several diagnoses that could pertain to Tina from the latest version of the DSM, what is your diagnostic impression?

3.Substantiate your diagnostic impression with appropriate criteria from the current version of the DSM.

4.Discuss how historic misconceptions of psychopathology could potentially impact the treatment of this client. As part of this discussion, you may include a diagnosis, any referrals that you would make, and a general course of treatment.

5.Include at least five scholarly references in addition to the textbook in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

Case Study: Tina

Tina is a 17-year-old Navajo female who is brought into a counselor’s office for symptoms of depression; her family has noticed that she is more withdrawn than usual and she is often observed crying and talking to herself. Through the intake interview, the counselor learns that Tina hears voices daily that command her to perform certain acts of hygiene (showering, combing her hair, etc.). She further reveals that she believes these voices to be the result of witchcraft that her boyfriend is using to control her. Tina also states that she has used methamphetamines heavily for the past several months. She and her mother ask the counselor to work with Tina for the depression, but claim that they wish to see a medicine man for hearing voices.

Where does the counselor begin with this client? Tina is clearly demonstrating symptoms of psychoses, yet it is difficult to determine what has caused them. Is she experiencing a severe depressive episode with psychotic features? Have the voices been induced by excessive drug use? Alternatively, should the counselor take into account the cultural acceptance of witchcraft and let the medicine man exclusively treat Tina? This case study is but one example of the way different cultures deviate in concept of mental illness as it presents itself in the counselor’s office.

Viewing clients as devoid of their cultural backgrounds because notions of health and wellness differ greatly by who is defining them are unethical and unwise. In order to be as receptive as possible to a client’s position, counselors must constantly deconstruct and be aware of their own beliefs regarding psychopathology. This process of exploring a belief system has been given many names, one of which is social constructionism (Lemma, 2011).

Social constructionism is the concept that reality is formed and defined by the individual experience of it; the perceptions of any given society are constantly in flux as trends and knowledge shifts. As such, the concept of psychology changes to meet the needs of each given culture. Ruder & Guterman (2007) state that “social constructionism is, itself, a social construction that is always changing and subject to reconstruction” (p. 387).

 

References

Rudes, J. & Guterman, J. (2007). The value of social constructionism for the counseling profession: A reply to Hansen. Journal of Counseling & Development,85(4), 387-392

 

 

© 2016. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

© 2015. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

Essay Assignment

The case of Rita is presented here for you to consider because it clearly demonstrates and emphasizes the tasks to be performed in crisis intervention. We suggest that you make notes as you read and reread it. Read this as if you were the crisis worker to whom Rita had come, in person, for help.

This assignment requires you to examine a case and apply the Hybrid task crisis intervention model. Read the case below as a quick introduction. Then carefully read the text pages on Hybrid Model of crisis intervention. Write a description of how you would use the model to help Rita during the initial session you have scheduled with her. Make sure to clearly describe each task and explain why this might be helpful to resolve the difficulties Rita is experiencing. Hybrid Model of Crisis Intervention:

Task 1: Pre-dispositioning/ Engaging/ Initiating Contact

Task 2: Problem Exploration: Defining the Crisis

Task 3: Providing Support

Task 4: Examining Alternatives

Task 5: Planning in Order to Reestablish Control

Task 6: Obtaining Commitment

Task 7: Follow-up

Textbook(s)/ISBN: James, R. and Gilliland, B. Crisis Intervention Strategies. 8th ed, ISBN: 9781337129886

 

Rita is a 35-year-old businesswoman. She is a graduate of high school and a post–high school vocational-technical institute. She holds a certificate in auto mechanics. She has never been to a counselor before, and has come to the crisis worker at the suggestion of a close friend who is a school counselor. Rita owns and operates an automobile tune-up and service shop. She employs and supervises a crew of mechanics, tune-up specialists, and helpers. She works very hard and keeps long hours but maintains some flexibility by employing a manager. Rita’s husband, Jake, is a college-educated accountant. They have two children: a daughter who is 13, and a son who is 8. The family rarely attends church, and they don’t consider themselves religious, but they are church members. Their close friends are neither from their church nor from their work.

Rita’s problem is complex. She constantly feels depressed and unfulfilled. She craves attention but has difficulty getting it in appropriate ways. For diversion, she participates in a dance group that practices three nights a week and performs on many Friday and Saturday evenings. Rita, Jake, and their children spend most Sundays at their lake cottage, which is an hour-long drive from their home. Their circle of friends is mainly their neighbors at the lake.

Rita’s marriage has been going downhill for several years. She has become sexually involved with Sam, a wealthy wholesaler of used automobiles. She met him through a business deal in which she contracted to do the tune-up and service work on a large number of cars for Sam’s company. Sam’s contracts enable Rita’s business to be very successful. Rita states that the “chemistry” between her and Sam is unique and electrifying. She says she and Sam are “head over heels in love with each other.” While she still lives with Jake, she no longer feels any love for him.

According to Rita, Sam is also unhappily married, and Sam and his current wife have two small children. Rita states that she and Sam want to get married, but she doesn’t want to subject her two children to a divorce right now. She is very fearful of her own mother’s wrath if she files for a divorce. Sam fears his wife will “take him to the cleaners” if he leaves her for Rita right now. Lately, Sam has been providing Rita with expensive automobiles, clothing, jewelry, and trips out of town. Also, Sam has been greatly overpaying Rita’s service contracts, making her business flourish. Jake doesn’t know the details of Rita’s business dealings with Sam, but he is puzzled, jealous, frustrated, impulsive, and violent. Jake used to slap Rita occasionally. In the last few months, he has beaten Rita several times. Last night he beat her worse than he ever has. Rita has no broken bones, but she has several bruises on her body, legs, and arms. The bruises do not show as long as she wears pantsuits.

Rita has told her problems only to her school counselor friend. She fears that her boyfriend would kill her husband if he found out about the beatings. Rita is frustrated because she cannot participate with the dance group until her bruises go away. Rita is feeling very guilty and depressed. She is not particularly suicidal, however. She is feeling a great deal of anger and hatred toward Jake, and she suffers from very low self-esteem.

She is feeling stress and pressure from her children, from her mother, from Jake, and even from Sam, who wants to spend more and more time with her. Recently, Rita and Sam have been taking more and more risks in their meetings. Rita’s depression is getting to the point where she doesn’t care. She has come to the crisis worker in a state of lethargy—almost in a state of emotional immobility. Rita has decided to share her entire story with the worker because she feels she is at her “wit’s end,” and she wouldn’t dare talk with her minister, her physician, or other acquaintances. Rita has never met the crisis worker, and she feels this is the best approach, even though she is uncomfortable sharing all of this with a stranger.

 

The case of Rita is presented

here for you to consider because it clearly demonstrates and emphasizes

the tasks to be performed in crisis intervention. We suggest that you make notes as you read and reread

it. Read this as if you were the crisis worker to whom Rita had come, in person,

 

for help.

 

This assignment requires you to examine a case and apply the Hybrid task crisis intervention model.

Read the case below as a quick introduction. Then carefully read the text pages on Hybrid Model of crisis

intervention. Write a description of ho

w you would use the model to help Rita during the initial session

you have scheduled with her. Make sure to clearly describe each task and explain why this might be

helpful to resolve the difficulties Rita is experiencing. Hybrid Model of Crisis Interventi

on:

 

Task 1: Pre

dispositioning/ Engaging/ Initiating Contact

 

Task 2: Problem Exploration: Defining the Crisis

 

Task 3: Providing Support

 

Task 4: Examining Alternatives

 

Task 5: Planning in Order to Reestablish Control

 

Task 6: Obtaining Commitment

 

Task 7: Fol

low

up

 

Textbook(s)/ISBN

:

James, R. and Gilliland, B. Crisis Intervention Strategies. 8th ed, ISBN: 9781337129886

 

 

Rita is a 35

year

old businesswoman. She is a graduate of high school and a post

high

school vocational

technical institute. She holds a certificate in auto mechanics. She has

never been to a counselor before, and has com

e to the crisis worker at the suggestion

of a close friend who is a school counselor. Rita owns and operates an automobile tune

up and service shop. She employs and supervises a crew of mechanics, tune

up

specialists, and helpers. She works very hard and k

eeps long hours but maintains some

flexibility by employing a manager. Rita’s husband, Jake, is a college

educated

accountant. They have two children: a daughter who is 13, and a son who is 8. The

family rarely attends church, and they don’t consider thems

elves religious, but they are

church members. Their close friends are neither from their church nor from their work.

 

Rita’s problem is complex. She constantly feels depressed and unfulfilled. She craves

attention but has difficulty getting it in appropriat

e ways. For diversion, she participates

in a dance group that practices three nights a week and performs on many Friday and

Saturday evenings. Rita, Jake, and their children spend most Sundays at their lake

cottage, which is an hour

long drive from their h

ome. Their circle of friends is mainly

their neighbors at the lake.

 

Rita’s marriage has been going downhill for several years. She has become sexually

involved with Sam, a wealthy wholesaler of used automobiles. She met him through

Discussion Board 2

Formulate a thread of at least 400 words to answer the questions at the end of the following scenario: Consider yourself as a crisis interventionist. Your local church calls you as a crisis interventionist to help a young mother who just lost her husband to a car accident the day before. She has 4 children ranging in ages 5 to 1, with a set of 3-year-old twins in the middle. You begin helping the newly widowed wife and mother find baby-sitting help, resources to meet her monthly expenses, etc. In the days and weeks following, you find yourself more and more invested in her life and family, spending more time there to neglect of your own self-care and family responsibilities.

In this scenario, is this likely to be you? Remember, the roles of a crisis interventionist and a church member can be extremely blurred. Use Caplan’s Seven Characteristics of Effective Coping Behavior found in the Kanel text as a basis for your own ability to cope. How well do you manage these in crisis? If this is what we’re helping others to achieve, we must consider how well we ourselves do under pressure. YOU MUST REFER AND CITE ” A Guide to Crisis Intervention by Kristi Kanel

Analyses of Social Problems in Case Studies

 Analyses of Social Problems in Case Studies

As a social worker, often you need to use your policy advocacy skills to ensure that your clients are receiving the services that they need. Although you may tend to think of policy advocacy skills as separate from your clinical social work skills, they are very similar. Think of the skills that you would use in working with a client such as Jake Levy. How could you apply these skills to policy advocacy? How will you use these skills to identify the policy and social problems that are impacting these families? In this week’s Discussion, you will continue to follow the Levy, Bradley, Petrakis, and Cortez families to start the process of policy advocacy.

****In this Discussion, select one of the four integrated videos and identify the problems experienced by the client(s). Bradley Family Levy,Family, Cortez Family or Petrakis Family. **********

Post by Day 3 your responses to the following:

  • Who is defining the problem?
  • What values are reflected in this definition of the problem?
  • What is being omitted in this definition?
  • What other problems do you see that are not being acknowledged?

Be sure to support your post with specific references to this week’s resources. If you are using additional articles, be sure to provide full APA-formatted citations for your references.