Awareness Of Opioid Dependence Among The General Public

Essay #1 Instructions For Essay #1 you will need to choose ONE of the two options listed below, related to Chapter 4 and Chapter 6 (respectively), and write an essay addressing the topic. Option 1: Over the last decade, there has been an increasing awareness of opioid dependence among the general public. Prescription drug abuse is sometimes called an epidemic. Why are opioid analgesics so widely abused? Option 2: Vision is a complex process involving multiple brain areas. To which areas could changes cause a loss of vision? How would those changes of vision affect your daily life? Your essay should be based primarily on information from the class textbook and other assigned materials. Other sources may be used sparingly. All sources (including the textbook and assigned class materials) should be cited using correct APA style and you should include an APA style reference page following your essay (even if it only has one reference). Submit your assignment as a Word (.doc or .docx) file; other formats are not acceptable. Your response should be about 500 words (450-550, not counting citations), typed using Time New Roman 12 point font, with 1-inch margins. The text should be left aligned with a right ragged edge and double spaced throughout. NO direct quotes are permitted; all information should be correctly paraphrased. Use the automatic numbering feature of Word to add right aligned page numbers in the header of your document. Do not include a title page. On the first line of the first page, type your name (no other information required; not included in the word count). On the next line, type the topic you’ve chosen (option 1 or option 2; not included in the word count). Begin your response on the next line and type your response. The last page of your document should include your APA-style reference section (not included in word count). A submission that fails to include citations and reference(s) constitutes plagiarism; see below. Save your as LastnameF_3106_Essay1.docx (where you substitute your last name and the first initial of your first name. Upload the file in Revel before 10AM on Monday, March 2, 2020. Plagiarism

Plagiarism is presenting someone else’s work as your own. Many students are not aware that there are different types of plagiarism. You are responsible for being familiar with the following information regarding plagiarism as it relates to your work in this class.

Intentional plagiarism involves knowingly and deliberately presenting someone else’s work or ideas

as your own. Copying work from a website is an example of intentional plagiarism. Copying work from the textbook is an example of intentional plagiarism. Copying work from another student is an example of intentional plagiarism. Engaging in plagiarism is a violation of the Savannah State University Code of Conduct instances of intentional plagiarism in this class will be handled as academic dishonesty.

Unintentional plagiarism occurs when you fail to give proper credit for someone else’s ideas or

work even if you did not intend to present them as your own. Writers sometimes do this without being aware of it, when they fail to follow proper scholarly procedures for citation. To avoid unintentional plagiarism, it is important to remember that you must give credit to all of the original sources of information that influence your work, including direct quotes as well as paraphrased material.

• Generally, direct quotations should be used sparingly; typically, only in cases where the exact

phrasing of the original material is crucial to your point. When including direct quotes of fewer than

 

 

40 words, use quotation marks around the words you are borrowing directly and provide an appropriate citation in APA style. Direct quotations that are 40 words or longer should be placed in a free-standing block of typewritten lines without quotation marks and be accompanied by an appropriate citation in APA style. NOTE: You may not include direct quotations in your work for this class.

• Paraphrasing means restating information from original sources in your own words using your own syntactical structure. When paraphrasing, it is important to make sure that you are doing so appropriately. Inappropriate paraphrasing probably is the most common type of unintentional plagiarism. It occurs when an author only makes cosmetic changes to the source text, such as using synonyms to replace one or two words, rearranging the order of the original text, using passive instead of active voice, or changing the verb tense. You should work hard to make sure you are paraphrasing appropriately in all of the work submitted for this class. As you have been instructed to include citations and references, the content of essays that do not

include both APA style citations and APA style references will not be scored and a score of 0 will be assigned. Including direct quotes and instances of unintentional plagiarism will result in reduced scores for the submitted work. More than two instances will result in a maximum of 50% earned credit on the assignment. The scoring rubrics for the two options appear on the pages that follow.

 

 

Option 1: Opioid Essay Rubric

Vision Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Development of Ideas 50% How clear and focused is the essay? How well does the writer know the topic? Is there a clear main idea?

Response correctly describes brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.

Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.

Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in some aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.

Response fails to describe brain areas involved in aspects of vision. • Fails to consider damage to the eyes. • Fails to consider damage to the thalamus. • Fails to consider damage to visual cortex. • Fails to consider involvement of superior colliculus or hypothalamus.

Unrelated to the topic

or missing

Organization 10% Is the essay well structured? Does the organization enhance understanding? How well are transitions used? Are the introduction and conclusion clear?

Organization is effective and

supports the logical flow of

the response. • Transitions

effectively connect concepts.

• May contain an effective

introduction and/or

conclusion.

Organization is clear and

appropriate. • Transitions

appropriately connect

concepts. • May contain an

appropriate introduction

and/or conclusion.

Organization is skeletal or

otherwise limited, which may

detract from the reader’s

ability to follow the response.

• Some simple or basic

transitions are used, but they

do not necessarily support the

response. • May contain a

minimal introduction and/or

conclusion.

Response lacks a clear

sense of direction. •

Transitions are lacking

or do not help the

reader follow the essay.

• Both the introduction

and conclusion are

minimal and/or absent.

Incomprehensible or

missing

Conventions 10% Is the essay well- edited? Does the writer use a wide variety of conventions that enhance the text? How much do errors interfere with meaning?

Demonstrates sophistication

and skill with a wide variety

of conventions. • Response

may contain minor editing

errors in grammar, spelling,

punctuation, or sentence

construction. • Errors do not

interfere with the reader’s

understanding.

Demonstrates adequate

control over a variety of

conventions. • Response may

contain some errors in

grammar, spelling,

punctuation, and/or sentence

construction. • Most errors

do not interfere with the

reader’s understanding.

Although basic conventions

may be mostly controlled,

overall the response

demonstrates inconsistent

control over conventions.

Response may not use a

variety of conventions (or

only basic conventions may

be used.) • Response may

contain a substantial number

of errors in grammar, spelling,

punctuation, and/or sentence

construction. • Some errors

interfere with the reader’s

understanding.

Demonstrates a lack of

control over basic

conventions. •

Response may contain

a large number of errors

in grammar, spelling,

punctuation, and/or

sentence structure OR

the errors are severe. •

Errors interfere with the

reader’s understanding

OR the response is

minimal with a density

of errors.

Complete disregard for

conventions or missing

 

 

 

Option 1: Opioid Essay Rubric continued

Opioid Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Voice 10% Is the writer’s voice distinctive? Does the voice enhance the essay? Does the essay beg to be read aloud? Is the voice appropriate for the audience (not too formal or informal)?

Voice is appropriately

authoritative indicating a

high level of comfort with

the material. • Words used

are precise and well-

chosen. • Sentences are

varied and have a natural

fluidity.

Voice is appropriate and

clear. • Word choice is

appropriate to the subject

matter and functional. •

Sentences are appropriate

and varied, making the

response easy to read.

 

Voice may be artificial or

uneven. • Word choice may be

correct for the subject matter,

but original material be

limited or may demonstrate a

limited vocabulary range. •

Sentences may be choppy,

rambling, or repetitive in a

way that limits fluency.

 

Voice may be lacking or

inappropriate. • Original

word choices may be

simplistic, vague,

inappropriate, or

incorrect. • Sentences

may be limited in variety

or be comprised of

awkward fragments or

run-ons which produce a

halting voice.

 

Complete disregard for

appropriate voice or

missing

Focus and Coherence 15% The extent to which the document establishes and maintains a controlling idea or bottom line, and an understanding of purpose and audience, and completes all parts of the task.

Response persuasively

justifies its conclusions

through logic, examples,

and illustrative language.

References to concepts,

theories, etc. effectively

demonstrate a strong

command of

psychopharmacology.

Response justifies its

conclusions through some

combination of logic,

examples, and illustrative

language. References to

concepts, theories, etc.

effectively demonstrate a

good command of

psychopharmacology.

Response provides some

justification for its

conclusions.

Some combination of logic,

examples, and illustrative

language are present but are

inconsistent or somewhat

ineffective. References to

concepts, theories, etc.

effectively demonstrate a

partial command of

psychopharmacology.

Response provides no

significant justification

for its conclusions.

Logic, examples, and

illustrative language are

absent, inconsistent,

and/or ineffective.

References to concepts,

theories, etc. effectively

demonstrate a weak

grasp of

psychopharmacology.

Complete lack of focus

and coherence or missing

Following Instructions 5%

Follows all instructions Failed to follow 1-2

instructions

Failed to follow 3-4

instructions

Failed to follow 5-6

instructions

Fails to follow more than

6 instructions.

 

 

 

Option 2: Vision Essay Rubric

Vision Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Development of Ideas 50% How clear and focused is the essay? How well does the writer know the topic? Is there a clear main idea?

Response correctly describes brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.

Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in multiple aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.

Response correctly describes some brain areas involved in some aspects of vision. • Damage to the eyes would affect all areas of vision. • Damage to the thalamus would affect conscious perception of vision. • Damage to visual cortex would have multiple effects depending on location. • Damage to superior colliculus would impair orienting behaviors. • Suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in entrainment of circadian rhythms based on light- dark cycles.

Response fails to describe brain areas involved in aspects of vision. • Fails to consider damage to the eyes. • Fails to consider damage to the thalamus. • Fails to consider damage to visual cortex. • Fails to consider involvement of superior colliculus or hypothalamus.

Unrelated to the topic

or missing

Organization 10% Is the essay well structured? Does the organization enhance understanding? How well are transitions used? Are the introduction and conclusion clear?

Organization is effective and

supports the logical flow of

the response. • Transitions

effectively connect concepts.

• May contain an effective

introduction and/or

conclusion.

Organization is clear and

appropriate. • Transitions

appropriately connect

concepts. • May contain an

appropriate introduction

and/or conclusion.

Organization is skeletal or

otherwise limited, which may

detract from the reader’s

ability to follow the response.

• Some simple or basic

transitions are used, but they

do not necessarily support the

response. • May contain a

minimal introduction and/or

conclusion.

Response lacks a clear

sense of direction. •

Transitions are lacking

or do not help the

reader follow the essay.

• Both the introduction

and conclusion are

minimal and/or absent.

Incomprehensible or

missing

Conventions 10% Is the essay well- edited? Does the writer use a wide variety of conventions that enhance the text? How much do errors interfere with meaning?

Demonstrates sophistication

and skill with a wide variety

of conventions. • Response

may contain minor editing

errors in grammar, spelling,

punctuation, or sentence

construction. • Errors do not

interfere with the reader’s

understanding.

Demonstrates adequate

control over a variety of

conventions. • Response may

contain some errors in

grammar, spelling,

punctuation, and/or sentence

construction. • Most errors

do not interfere with the

reader’s understanding.

Although basic conventions

may be mostly controlled,

overall the response

demonstrates inconsistent

control over conventions.

Response may not use a

variety of conventions (or

only basic conventions may

be used.) • Response may

contain a substantial number

of errors in grammar, spelling,

punctuation, and/or sentence

construction. • Some errors

interfere with the reader’s

understanding.

Demonstrates a lack of

control over basic

conventions. •

Response may contain

a large number of errors

in grammar, spelling,

punctuation, and/or

sentence structure OR

the errors are severe. •

Errors interfere with the

reader’s understanding

OR the response is

minimal with a density

of errors.

Complete disregard for

conventions or missing

 

 

 

Option 2: Vision Essay Rubric continued

Vision Essay Exemplary Average Fair Poor Missing/Unacceptable Voice 10% Is the writer’s voice distinctive? Does the voice enhance the essay? Does the essay beg to be read aloud? Is the voice appropriate for the audience (not too formal or informal)?

Voice is appropriately

authoritative indicating a

high level of comfort with

the material. • Words used

are precise and well-

chosen. • Sentences are

varied and have a natural

fluidity.

Voice is appropriate and

clear. • Word choice is

appropriate to the subject

matter and functional. •

Sentences are appropriate

and varied, making the

response easy to read.

 

Voice may be artificial or

uneven. • Word choice may be

correct for the subject matter,

but original material be

limited or may demonstrate a

limited vocabulary range. •

Sentences may be choppy,

rambling, or repetitive in a

way that limits fluency.

 

Voice may be lacking or

inappropriate. • Original

word choices may be

simplistic, vague,

inappropriate, or

incorrect. • Sentences

may be limited in variety

or be comprised of

awkward fragments or

run-ons which produce a

halting voice.

 

Complete disregard for

appropriate voice or

missing

Focus and Coherence 15% The extent to which the document establishes and maintains a controlling idea or bottom line, and an understanding of purpose and audience, and completes all parts of the task.

Response persuasively

justifies its conclusions

through logic, examples,

and illustrative language.

References to concepts,

theories, etc. effectively

demonstrate a strong

command of vision

anatomy and physiology.

Response justifies its

conclusions through some

combination of logic,

examples, and illustrative

language. References to

concepts, theories, etc.

effectively demonstrate a

good command of vision

anatomy and physiology.

Response provides some

justification for its

conclusions.

Some combination of logic,

examples, and illustrative

language are present but are

inconsistent or somewhat

ineffective. References to

concepts, theories, etc.

effectively demonstrate a

partial command of vision

anatomy and physiology.

Response provides no

significant justification

for its conclusions.

Logic, examples, and

illustrative language are

absent, inconsistent,

and/or ineffective.

References to concepts,

theories, etc. effectively

demonstrate a weak

grasp of vision anatomy

and physiology.

Complete lack of focus

and coherence or missing

Following Instructions 5%

Follows all instructions Failed to follow 1-2

instructions

Failed to follow 3-4

instructions

Failed to follow 5-6

instructions

Fails to follow more than

6 instructions.