Course Child Psychology–

Course Child Psychology– -16SP
Question 1
Hybrid designs combine the advantages of
Answers:
a.cross-sectional and correlational research methods.
b.cross-sectional and longitudinal research methods.
c. correlational and longitudinal research methods.
d. correlational and experimental research methods.
Question 2
One advantage of naturalistic observation is that it
Answers:
a.allows the researcher to determine why behavior occurs.
b.lets the researcher carefully control the environment.
c.provides information about real-life behaviors.
d.helps researchers determine the thinking behind the child’s behavior.
Question 3
Negative correlations indicate
Answers:
a.negative outcomes.
b.inconclusive results.
c.low scores of one variable are associated with low scores of another variable.
d.high scores of one variable are associated with low scores of another variable.
Question 4
Identify the correct historical order of emergence for the following theories.
Answers:
a.social learning dynamic systems psychoanalytic
b.psychoanalytic behavioral neuropsychological
c.behavioral dynamic systems neuropsychological
d.psychoanalytic social learning dynamic systems
Question 5
Which of the following statements regarding theories is TRUE?
Answers:
a.Theories summarize currently known facts.
b.Theories seldom allow for predictions to be made.
c.Theories can directly be proven to be either right or wrong.
d.Theories remain stable despite scientific advances.
Question 6
Dr. Schaab is a cross-cultural psychologist who conducts research on differences between collectivistic and individualistic societies. Bronfenbrenner would say that Dr. Schaab is focusing on the
Answers:
a.microsystem.
b.mesosystem.
c.macrosystem.
d.exosystem.
Question 7
The main purpose of a university’s Institutional Review Board (IRB) is to determine whether researchers
Answers:
a.are using the appropriate scientific method.
b.are adhering to ethical standards.
c.have appropriate credentials for conducting studies.
d.are testing their hypotheses efficiently.
Question 8
Generally speaking many theories
Answers:
a.address specific aspects of development.
b.are remarkably similar to one another.
c.can be easily compared until one is proven right.
d.do not allow for specific predictions to be made.
Question 9
Dr. McGaw was interested in whether children’s recall of familiar or unfamiliar words improved with age so she tested 4-year-olds 6-year-olds and 8-year-olds at the same point in time. This is an example of a
Answers:
a.hybrid design.
b.case study design.
c.cross-sectional design.
d.longitudinal design.
Question 10
Praise and hugs are typically examples of
Answers:
a.fixations.
b.imprinting.
c.ethology.
d.reinforcement.
Question 11
Learning to use the bathroom appropriately and waiting until morning to eat are examples of
Answers:
a.fixation.
b.delay of gratification.
c.unconscious sexual desires.
d.superego development.
Question 12
Early behaviorists were interested in
Answers:
a.making psychology more objective and scientific.
b.ensuring that elements of the unconscious mind were more measurable.
c.helping psychology align itself more with theories of evolution.
d.understanding children’s thought processes.
Question 13
Raenna was grounded for two weeks because she arrived home after her curfew one night. Raenna now comes home before her curfew due to
Answers:
a.observational learning.
b.social learning.
c.classical conditioning.
d.operant conditioning.
Question 14
According to psychoanalytic theory in order to have a healthy personality
Answers:
a.a person’s id must be stronger than the ego and superego to insure survival.
b.a person’s superego must be stronger than the ego and id for moral development to occur.
c.the id ego and superego must be eliminated during psychosexual development.
d.the ego must balance the id and superego and be able to cope with external demands.
Question 15
Erikson theorized that the primary challenge facing newborns was
Answers:
a.dealing with oral needs.
b.struggling with trust issues.
c.developing a sense of patience.
d.coping with unconscious sexual desires.
Question 16
According to Vygotsky’s theory development occurs due to the person’s
Answers:
a.internalization of cultural values.
b.reorganization of mental schemes with age.
c.imitation of adult authority figures.
d.development of a basic sense of trust.
Question 17
Which of the following statements concerning Piaget’s perspective on learning is TRUE?
Answers:
a.Learning is primarily unconscious and occurs through classical conditioning.
b.Learning is a continual cycle of assimilation and accommodation.
c.Learning occurs when the ego is strong enough to balance the id and superego.
d.Learning occurs through the processes of modeling and imitation.
Question 18
Eisenberg et al. (1999) studied a single group of 32 children taking measurements of their helping behaviors approximately every two years from the time the children were four years old until they were young adults. This study used a(n)
Answers:
a.hybrid design.
b.experimental design.
c.cross-sectional design.
d.longitudinal design.
Question 19
The fact that IQ scores are more similar among identical twins than among fraternal twins
Answers:
a.suggests that siblings treated similarly will be similar in achievement.
b.suggests that siblings of the same gender are more intellectually similar.
c.shows the influence of nurture on children’s intellectual development.
d.shows the influence of nature on children’s intellectual development.
Question 20
Ninety preschool children are randomly divided into three groups. Every day for two weeks one group watches 30 minutes of Sesame Street a second group watches 30 minutes of Road Runner cartoons and a third group watches 30 minutes of Scooby Doo cartoons. At the end of two weeks all three groups are given a test of creativity. This research design would best be classified as
Answers:
a.correlational.
b. experimental.
c.longitudinal.
d.naturalistic observation.
Question 21
Dr. Rice found that the correlation between children’s amount of sleep and their amount of daytime energy was +.40. This correlation indicates that
Answers:
a.the more sleep a child gets the more energy he or she has.
b.sleep and energy are not related.
c.having more energy allows children to get more sleep.
d.the more sleep a child gets the less energy the child has.
Question 22
Which of the following theoretical perspectives focuses the LEAST on biological explanations of child development?
Answers:
a.Ethological theory
b.Behavior genetics
c.Neuropsychology
d.Ecological systems
Question 23
Which of the following correlations would be most likely to reflect the relationship between a child’s age and mathematical skills?
Answers:
a.0.0
b.-.30
c.-.85
d.+.75
Question 24
Grandparents aunts uncles cousins and friends of the family are all part of Bronfenbrenner’s
Answers:
a.microsystem.
b.mesosystem.
c.macrosystem.
d.exosystem.
Question 25
Researchers sometimes use animals to study questions related to child development because
Answers:
a.children younger than six years of age cannot participate in psychological research.
b.it would be unethical to manipulate certain variables of interest in humans.
c.there are no ethical guidelines for conducting research with animals.
d.it is too difficult time-consuming and expensive to conduct correlational research.
Question 26
At first Josh neither liked nor disliked the song Hey There Delilah. However one day his girlfriend broke up with him while that song was playing. Now Josh gets sad each time he hears that song. Hey There Delilah has now become
Answers:
a.a conditioned stimulus.
b.an unconditioned stimulus.
c.a conditioned response.
d.an unconditioned response.
Question 27
The psychoanalytic personality part responsible for our sense of morality is/are the
Answers:
a.id.
b.ego.
c.superego.
d.both the id and the ego.
Question 28
Freud claimed that the successful resolution of the phallic stage and the Oedipus complex involves
Answers:

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