Review the document in doc attached titled “Community Profiles Unit 1” and compare their profiles to respond to the following questions:
- Which of the three communities is most at-risk for drug addiction and crime? Explain your choice.
- Which community has the best profile for health and safe neighborhoods? Discuss how the people in this community exhibit strong protective factors against use.
- What do you think of the evidence in support of the existence of an “addictive personality?”
To earn Seminar credit for this unit, complete one of the following options:
Option 2: You will benefit most from attending the graded Seminar as an active participant. However, if you are unable to attend you have the opportunity to make up the points by summarizing the archived Seminar. Your paper should be written in appropriate APA style for a written summary. In other words, you are not required to use direct quotes, cite references, include an abstract, or include a reference page. You do have to write in complete sentences and paragraphs, provide a title page, and include a professional presentation. Listen to the archived Seminar to provide a summary and respond to the Seminar questions. Submit your summary to the Seminar Dropbox before the end of the unit to receive credit.
Your paper should be in APA format and cite all references used
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA COMMUNITY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE:
CONSEQUENCES OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, AND ILLICIT DRUG USE IN THE
DISTRICT’S COMMUNITIES, 2001–2007
PREPARED FOR
THE ADDICTION PREVENTION AND RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION, DC DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
BY
THE CENTER FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE RESEARCH (CESAR), UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
District of Columbia: Community Profile 1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to thank the members of the DC Epidemiological Outcomes Workgroup for their efforts over the past year. Their dedication to understanding and addressing drug use and the consequences of drug use in the District of Columbia makes this report possible. Their patience and willingness to assist in this project and plan for the future are commendable.
In addition, special thanks are offered to the following agencies and individuals for
providing data and assistance to the DCEOW which made this report possible:
• The DC Office of Planning o Robert Beasley
• The Metropolitan Police Department o Anne Grant o Sarah Hoyos o Brenda Eich
• The DC Department of Health o Tracy Garner o Garret Lum
• The DC Department of Health, HIV/AIDS Administration o Makhabele Woolfork
• The Substance and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies
o Joe Gfroerer and his staff • The DC Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning, and Epidemiology
o Dr. Fern Johnson-Clarke o Dr. Manzur Ejaz
• The DC Pretrial Services Agency o Jerome Robinson
• Faces and Voices of Recovery o Rob Flemming
• The DC Office of the Chief Medical Examiner o Dr. Fiona Couper
• The District of Columbia Public Schools Health Operations HIV/AIDS Education Program
o Marc Clark
District of Columbia: Community Profile 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………..…………………8 SECTION II. SNAPSHOTS..…………………………………….……………………….…10 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA………………………………………………………………….……11 WARD 1.………………………………………………..………………..…………….……12 WARD 2.………………………………………………………….……………….……..…13 WARD 3.…………………………………………………….……..……….……..………..14 WARD 4.…………………………………………………..…..….…………….…………..15 WARD 5.…………………………………………………………………..……..….………16 WARD 6.………………………………………………………..…..………..…..…………17 WARD 7.…………………………………………………………..………………..………18 WARD 8..……………………………………………………………..…………………….19 SECTION III. CONSEQUENCE: VIOLENT AND PROPERTY CRIME……………………….20 DISTRICT-WIDE: ALL VIOLENT AND PROPERTY CRIME…………………………………………….21 DISTRICT-WIDE: ALCOHOL- AND DRUG-RELATED VIOLENT AND PROPERTY CRIME ……………………23 DISTRICT-WIDE: ALCOHOL- AND DRUG-RELATED VIOLENT AND PROPERTY CRIME BY WARD………….24 WARD 1: ALL VIOLENT AND PROPERTY CRIME………………………………………………..… 25 WARD 1: ALCOHOL- AND DRUG-RELATED VIOLENT AND PROPERTY CRIME…………………….…… 26 DISTRICT-WIDE: HOMICIDE BY WARD…………………..……………………………………….27 DISTRICT-WIDE: DRUG-RELATED HOMICIDE BY WARD…………………………………………… 28 WARD 1: HOMICIDE…………………………………………………………………………..29 SECTION IV. CONSEQUENCE: ARREST…………………………………………………..30 DISTRICT-WIDE: SUBSTANCE-RELATED DRIVING AND ALCOHOL-RELATED ARRESTS………………… 31 DISTRICT-WIDE: SUBSTANCE-RELATED DRIVING AND ALCOHOL-RELATED ARRESTS BY WARD…………32 WARD 1: SUBSTANCE-RELATED DRIVING AND ALCOHOL-RELATED ARRESTS…………………………33 DISTRICT-WIDE: DRUG-RELATED ARRESTS………………………………………………………34 DISTRICT-WIDE: DRUG-RELATED ARRESTS BY WARD…………………………………………….35 WARD 1: DRUG-RELATED ARRESTS…………………………………………………………….36 SECTION V. CONSEQUENCE: HIV/AIDS……………………………………….………..39 DISTRICT-WIDE: HIV (NOT AIDS) BY WARD……………..………………………………………40 DISTRICT-WIDE: HIV (NOT AIDS)………………………..…………………………………… 42 DISTRICT-WIDE: AIDS BY WARD……………..………………………………………………. 43 DISTRICT-WIDE: AIDS………………………..……………………………………………… 46 SECTION VI. CONSEQUENCE: DEPENDENCE AND ABUSE……………………………….48 DISTRICT-WIDE: ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE BY WARD…………………………………… 49 DISTRICT-WIDE: ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE BY WARD……………………………………………… 50 DISTRICT-WIDE: ILLICIT DRUG DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE BY WARD………………………………… 51 DISTRICT-WIDE: ILLICIT DRUG DEPENDENCE BY WARD…………………………………….…..…52
District of Columbia: Community Profile 3
SECTION VII. CONSEQUENCE: MORTALITY…………………………………………… 53 DISTRICT-WIDE: CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE DEATHS BY WARD……………………………………..54 WARD 1: CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE DEATHS……………………………………………………..55 DISTRICT-WIDE: LUNG CANCER DEATHS BY WARD………………………………………………56 WARD 1: LUNG CANCER DEATHS……………………………………………………………… 57 DISTRICT-WIDE: COPD AND EMPHYSEMA DEATHS BY WARD…………………………….………..58 WARD 1: COPD AND EMPHYSEMA DEATHS…………………………………………….………..59 SECTION VIII. ALCOHOL, ILLICIT DRUG, AND TOBACCO CONSUMPTION…….……….60 DISTRICT-WIDE: ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION BY WARD…………………………………….……….61 DISTRICT-WIDE: UNDERAGE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION BY WARD………………………….……….62 DISTRICT-WIDE: MARIJUANA CONSUMPTION BY WARD………………………………….…….….63 DISTRICT-WIDE: ANY ILLICIT DRUG CONSUMPTION OTHER THAN MARIJUANA BY WARD……………. 64 DISTRICT-WIDE: COCAINE CONSUMPTION BY WARD…………………………………….………..65 DISTRICT-WIDE: NONMEDICAL CONSUMPTION OF PAIN RELIEVERS BY WARD………………………. 66 DISTRICT-WIDE: DRUG TEST RESULTS FOR ADULT ARRESTEES BY WARD……………………………67 WARD 1: DRUG TEST RESULTS FOR ADULT ARRESTEES………………………………………….. 69 DISTRICT-WIDE: TOBACCO CONSUMPTION BY WARD……………………………………………. 72 SECTION IX. TREATMENT CONSUMPTION……………………………………………….73 DISTRICT-WIDE: WEEKLY RECOVERY MEETINGS, RECOVERY CLUBS AND TREATMENT PROGRAMS BY REGION……………………………………………………………………………….…….74 DISTRICT-WIDE: NEEDING BUT NOT RECEIVING TREATMENT FOR ALCOHOL USE BY WARD…….………75 DISTRICT-WIDE: NEEDING BUT NOT RECEIVING TREATMENT FOR ILLICIT DRUG USE BY WARD…………76 SECTION X. CONCLUSION………….…………………………………………………….77
District of Columbia: Community Profile 4
LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES, AND MAPS
TABLES TABLE 1. Estimated Number of District of Columbia Alcohol-Related Violent Crime Offenses and Drug- Related Property Crime Offenses: 2002–2006………………………………………………………………23 TABLE 2. Estimated Number of District of Columbia Alcohol-Related Violent Crime Offenses and Drug- Related Property Crime Offenses by Ward in 2006…………………………………………………………..24 TABLE 3. Total Number and Percent of All Ward 1 Violent and Property Crime Offenses in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006…………………………………………………………………………….…………25 TABLE 4. Estimated Number of Alcohol- and Drug-Related Crimes in Ward 1: 2002–2006………………26 TABLE 5. Ward-Level Drug-Related Homicides in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006…………………28 TABLE 6. Descriptives for Ward 1 Homicides in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006……………………..29 TABLE 7. Number of Adult and Juvenile Substance-Related Driving and Alcohol-Related Arrests in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006…………………………………………………………..…….…………31 TABLE 8. Total Number of Substance-Related Driving and Alcohol-Related Arrests in the District of Columbia by Ward in 2006………………………………………………………………………….………32 TABLE 9. Number of Ward 1 Substance-Related Driving and Alcohol-Related Arrests in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006………………………………………………………………………………………33 TABLE 10. Number of Adult and Juvenile Drug-Related Arrests in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006…34 TABLE 11. Total Number of Drug-Related Arrests in the District of Columbia by Ward in 2006…………35 TABLE 12. Number of Ward 1 Adult and Juvenile Drug-Related Arrests in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006…………………………………………………………………………………………………..36 TABLE 13. Number of Ward 1 Drug-Related Arrests by Gender in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006…37 TABLE 14. Number of Ward 1 Drug-Related Arrests by Race in the District of Columbia: 2002–2006……38 TABLE 15. Number of Newly Reported HIV (not AIDS) Cases by Ward, District of Columbia: Cumulative for Years 2001–2006………………………………………………………………………………………..41 TABLE 16. Number and Percentage of Newly Reported HIV (not AIDS) Cases by Mode of Transmission, District of Columbia: Cumulative for Years 2001–2006………………………………….……………..…42 TABLE 17. Number of Newly Reported AIDS Cases by Ward, District of Columbia: Cumulative for Years 2001–2006……………………………………………………………………………..………….…………44 TABLE 18. Number of Living AIDS Cases and AIDS Mortality Cases by Ward, District of Columbia: Cumulative for Years 2001–2006…………………………………………………………….…..…………45 TABLE 19. Number and Percentage of Newly Reported AIDS Cases by Mode of Transmission, District of Columbia: Cumulative for Years 2001–2006………………………………………………….……………46
District of Columbia: Community Profile 5
TABLE 20. Number and Percentage of Living AIDS Cases by Mode of Transmission, District of Columbia: 2001–2006………………………………………………………………………………………………..…47 TABLE 21. Number and Percentage of AIDS Mortality Cases by Mode of Transmission, District of Columbia: 2001–2006………………………………………………………………………………….……47 TABLE 22. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Dependence or Abuse of Alcohol: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages…………………….49 TABLE 23. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Alcohol Dependence: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………………………………50 TABLE 24. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Dependence or Abuse of Any Illicit Drug: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages…………….51 TABLE 25. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Illicit Drug Dependence: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………………..………52 TABLE 26. Number of Chronic Liver Disease Deaths in Ward 1 in the District of Columbia: 2001–2005…55 TABLE 27. Number of Lung Cancer Deaths in Ward 1 in the District of Columbia: 2001–2005……..……57 TABLE 28. Number of COPD and Emphysema Deaths in Ward 1 in the District of Columbia: 2001–2005…………………………………………………………………………………………………..59 TABLE 29. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Alcohol Use: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages………………………………………..….61 TABLE 30. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Marijuana Use: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………….……………..…63 TABLE 31. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages………..………64 TABLE 32. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Cocaine Use: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages………………………………………….…………65 TABLE 33. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Nonmedical Use of Pain Relievers: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………66 TABLE 34. Percentage of Positive Drug Test Results for Adult Arrestees in the District of Columbia by Drug and Ward: Fiscal Year 2007…………………………………………………………………………..68 TABLE 35. Ward 1 Drug Test Results for Adult Arrestees in the District of Columbia: Fiscal Years 2004–2007…………………………………………………………………………………………………..69 TABLE 36. Ward 1 Drug Test Results by Gender for Adult Arrestees in the District of Columbia: Fiscal Years 2004–2007……………………………….……………………………….……………………..……69 TABLE 37. Ward 1 Drug Test Results by Race for Adult Arrestees in the District of Columbia: Fiscal Years 2004–2007………………………………………………………………………….……………………….70 TABLE 38. Ward 1 Drug Test Results by Age for Adult Arrestees in the District of Columbia: Fiscal Years 2004–2007……………………………………………………..……………………….……………………71
District of Columbia: Community Profile 6
TABLE 39. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Cigarette Use: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages…………………………………………..72 TABLE 40. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Need but No Treatment for Alcohol Use: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages………………………..75 TABLE 41. Percent Prediction Interval of Ward 1 Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Need but No Treatment for Illicit Drug Use: Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………….……76 FIGURES FIGURE 1. Rank-Ordered Violent and Property Crime Offenses in the District: Average Numbers between 2002 and 2006………………………………………………………………………………………….……21 FIGURE 2. Rank-Ordered Total Violent and Property Crime Offenses in the District in 2006……….…….22 FIGURE 3. Rank-Ordered Ward 1 Total Violent and Property Crime Offenses in 2006 ………..………….25 FIGURE 4. Number of Homicides in the District of Columbia by Ward: 2002–2006……………………….27 FIGURE 5. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Dependence or Abuse of Alcohol: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………………………………………49 FIGURE 6. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Alcohol Dependence: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………..……………………………………………50 FIGURE 7. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Dependence or Abuse of Any Illicit Drug: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……..………………………………………51 FIGURE 8. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Illicit Drug Dependence: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……….…………………………………………………52 FIGURE 9. Number of Chronic Liver Disease Deaths in the District of Columbia by Ward: 2001–2005…..54 FIGURE 10. Number of Lung Cancer Deaths in the District of Columbia by Ward: 2001–2005……………56 FIGURE 11. Number of COPD and Emphysema Deaths in the District of Columbia by Ward: 2001–2005..58 FIGURE 12. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Alcohol Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages…….……………………………………………………………….61 FIGURE 13. Percent of Residents Aged 12 to 20 Reporting Past Month Underage Alcohol Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………………………………………..……62 FIGURE 14. Percent of Residents Aged 12 to 20 Reporting Past Month Underage Binge Alcohol Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages………..…………………………………………………62 FIGURE 15. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Marijuana Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………………………………………………………..63 FIGURE 16. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……….…………………………64
District of Columbia: Community Profile 7
FIGURE 17. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Cocaine Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………………………………………………………..65 FIGURE 18. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Nonmedical Use of Pain Relievers: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages …………………………………………………..66 FIGURE 19. Percentage of Positive Drug Tests for Adult Arrestees in the District of Columbia: 2004–2007…………………………………………………………………………………………………..67 FIGURE 20. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Month Cigarette Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages……………………………………………………………………..72 FIGURE 21. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Need but No Treatment for Alcohol Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages………………………………..……75 FIGURE 22. Percent of Residents Aged 12 or Older Reporting Past Year Need but No Treatment for Illicit Drug Use: Ward Estimates Based on 2002–2004 Annual Averages………………………………………..76 MAPS MAP 1. Average Rate of Newly Reported HIV (not AIDS) Cases by Ward, District of Columbia: 2001– 2006 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………40 MAP 2. Average Rate of Newly Reported AIDS Cases by Ward, District of Columbia: 2001– 2006…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..43
District of Columbia: Community Profile 8
Overview
