Choose three out of the six

short answer questions. You are to answer in APA format,

minimum of one page response(length) per question, not including title page and

reference page(ref. pg. needs to have textbook listed as a reference, minimum)

.

Due

Th. May 23 2019

1.

Among American women born before 1900, a mere 3 percent

had experienced

premarital sex by age 18. In the United States today, almost half of high school

students report having had sexual intercourse. How do these changes in sexual

behavior reflect cultural changes that have fueled a preoccupation with needs for

social relatedness? How effectively have these sexual behavior changes served to

fulfill people’s need to belong?

2.

While hiking in the woods Sonya and Paul encountered a snake on the trail. While

Sonya was extremely frightened of the snake, Paul, realizing

the snake was

harmless, picked up the snake to examine it more closely. Explain how the James

–

Lange theory and the two

–

factor theory would explain the emotional reactions of

Sonya and Paul.

3.

David’s history teacher asked him why so many German people compl

ied with

Hitler’s orders to systematically slaughter millions of innocent Jews. David

suggested that the atrocities were committed because the Germans had become

unusually cruel, sadistic people with abnormal and twisted personalities. Use your

knowledge o

f Milgram’s research on obedience to highlight the weaknesses of

David’s explanation.

4.

According to a number of distinguished psychologists, a major purpose of the

defense mechanisms described by Freud is the protection of self

–

esteem. Give an

example of ho

w repression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization,

displacement, and denial could each be used to protect or even enhance a positive

self

–

image.

5.

Jane is wary of those who suffer from psychological disorders because she

believes that they are ag

gressive and violent. She also thinks they are more likely

to commit crimes than those in the general population that do not suffer from a

psychological disorder. What would you say to Jane to convince her that she is

mistaken in her assumptions?

6.

One of yo

ur best friends feels that he fails at everything he does and that his life

isn’t worth living. When you suggest that he talk to a psychotherapist, your friend

responds, “Talking won’t help. The more I talk about myself, the more I think

about my problems.

The more I think about my problems, the more depressed I

get.” Explain why your friend’s comment illustrates his need for cognitive

therapy. What procedures would a cognitive therapist use to help your friend

overcome his negative feelings?

Extra Credit

Opportunity:

Choose a fourth question to answer and receive extra credit

towards your lowest scoring exam.

Choose three out of the six short answer questions. You are to answer in APA format, minimum of one page response(length) per question, not including title page and reference page(ref. pg. needs to have textbook listed as a reference, minimum)

. Due

Th. May 23

rd

2019

by 11:59pm via canvas dropbox

*NO LATE SUBMISSIONS WILL BE GRADED

*

1.

Among American women born before 1900, a mere 3 percent

had experienced

premarital sex by age 18. In the United States today, almost half of high school

students report having had sexual intercourse. How do these changes in sexual

behavior reflect cultural changes that have fueled a preoccupation with needs for

social relatedness? How effectively have these sexual behavior changes served to

fulfill people’s need to belong?

2.

While hiking in the woods Sonya and Paul encountered a snake on the trail. While

Sonya was extremely frightened of the snake, Paul, realizing

the snake was

harmless, picked up the snake to examine it more closely. Explain how the James

–

Lange theory and the two

–

factor theory would explain the emotional reactions of

Sonya and Paul.

3.

David’s history teacher asked him why so many German people compl

ied with

Hitler’s orders to systematically slaughter millions of innocent Jews. David

suggested that the atrocities were committed because the Germans had become

unusually cruel, sadistic people with abnormal and twisted personalities. Use your

knowledge o

f Milgram’s research on obedience to highlight the weaknesses of

David’s explanation.

4.

According to a number of distinguished psychologists, a major purpose of the

defense mechanisms described by Freud is the protection of self

–

esteem. Give an

example of ho

w repression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization,

displacement, and denial could each be used to protect or even enhance a positive

self

–

image.

5.

Jane is wary of those who suffer from psychological disorders because she

believes that they are ag

gressive and violent. She also thinks they are more likely

to commit crimes than those in the general population that do not suffer from a

psychological disorder. What would you say to Jane to convince her that she is

mistaken in her assumptions?

6.

One of yo

ur best friends feels that he fails at everything he does and that his life

isn’t worth living. When you suggest that he talk to a psychotherapist, your friend

responds, “Talking won’t help. The more I talk about myself, the more I think

about my problems.

The more I think about my problems, the more depressed I

get.” Explain why your friend’s comment illustrates his need for cognitive

therapy. What procedures would a cognitive therapist use to help your friend

overcome his negative feelings?

Extra Credit

Opportunity:

Choose a fourth question to answer and receive extra credit

towards your lowest scoring exam.

This discussion will require you to draw on several competencies you have acquired as you have progressed through this course.

Consider the following scenario:

Scenario
Imagine that you are on a team of counselors who have been called in to provide consultation for the Common Sense Counseling community agency. On their Web site and on social media sites, Common Sense Counseling describes their approach as “a fresh, new approach to changing lives” having a high rate of success (based on numerous testimonials), and displays friendly pictures of everyone who works there.
You begin your work by interviewing trainees at the site. Your first interview is with Lorena, who is doing an internship at the agency. Lorena mentions that her most interesting client is an Eastern European male named Dominik; he has been in the United States for about a year on a work visa. Dominik sought counseling, because his employer suggested that it might help him get along better at work and improve his ability to complete tasks. Lorena notes that she gets along fine with Dominik but diagnosed him with ADHD, because he was having difficulty sitting still and focusing. She did not refer him for further evaluation.
Lorena expresses confidence that things are going well with the case. Dominik schedules appointments over his lunch hour, so he will not miss work, and he brings extra food to share with Lorena. Lorena wants Dominik to feel welcome and comfortable, so she accepts what he brings. Sometimes they sit outside if the weather is nice, Lorena notes, because she believes that fresh air is good for the well-being of her client. Lorena confides to you that yesterday, Dominik asked if they could meet at a restaurant instead of eating at the office. Lorena says she felt a little funny about this but agreed to it, thinking that it was consistent with the friendly approach of the agency.
Lorena also discloses that recently Dominik sent her a friend request on Facebook, which she accepted. He has only four more sessions of counseling left at the agency, and she hopes they can still be friends after he completes treatment.
When you ask to review Lorena’s case notes, you do not see a supervisor’s signature. Lorena explains that because things are going well, she has not felt the need to staff this case. Apparently, the supervisor agreed that Lorena could exercise her own professional judgment. On the treatment plan, you see that Lorena describes using a directive approach and supplementing it with humor therapy, which she read about on the Internet. She describes this as “common sense counseling,” but she is not able to articulate why it will be helpful for Dominik or discuss the evidence that this approach helps clients get better. When you ask Lorena how she knows her counseling sessions are benefitting Dominik, she says, “Well, he keeps coming back, so it must be worth his while, right?”

Using your text, the Web sites for the ACA and AMHCA ethics codes and the Calmes, Piazza, and Laux (2013) article assigned in this unit’s studies, prepare a draft of your conclusions regarding this case that you will review with your consulting team. In your post, complete the following:

• Detail at least two potential ethical violations in this case that may harm the client, citing a specific standard of one or more of the ethical codes for clinical mental health counselors.
• Identify a potential ethical violation that may be harming Lorena.
• Discuss ways in which Lorena’s practices may harm public perceptions of the accountability and credibility of counselors.
• Prepare a multi-step plan for the agency to follow in re-aligning its interns’ and supervisors’ clinical work with professional standards.

Support your ideas with citations of readings and Web sites from this course, using APA style.