Mock Public Address Speech Write-up Mock Speech Write-up: You will be writing a 3-5 minute persuasive public address speech focusing on a current issue in society. You will not be giving the speech; you will just be writing what you would say. You will be writing the speech in essay format (APA style, 12-point font, Times New Roman). Your speech should be about 3-5 pages in length. You will be graded on the rhetorical strategies, the reasoning/argument of your persuasive claim, as well as the writing, grammar and punctuation.

1. Select an issue that you have encountered in our school, community, state, or nation. Write this issue at the top of your paper.

2. Below the issue, write down thoughts and feelings you have about it. Determine your position on it.

3. Write your position statement. A position statement is like a thesis statement. It

identifies the issue and your position on it in one sentence. For example: As Americans, we must take action against (or for) the issue of_______ because of ________________, __________________, and _________________.

4. Identify your audience. Although you will be presenting to our class, you should

think about what group of people is your real-world audience. Answer the following questions, and then identify the group of people that is your real-world audience. After answering these questions, write down your real-world audience.

a. Who is affected by this issue? b. Who might be in a position to influence the results of this problem? c. What might this audience already know about the issue? d. What views or opinions might this audience already have? e. What misconceptions might they have? f. What details or words might appeal to this audience’s emotions? Reasoning?

5. Your purpose is to persuade the audience; however, you need to consider what you want the audience to do as a result of listening to your speech. Answer the following questions, and then identify the secondary purpose of your speech.

a. How do you want your audience to feel about the issue afterwards? b. What action do you want them to take?

6. Planning for Your Speech…What are you going to say?

Your speech must have at least one of each of the following persuasive techniques.

a. Logical Appeal — Facts, statistics, and well-reasoned arguments b. Ethical Appeal — Argument based on widely accepted beliefs and values

c. Emotional Appeal — Uses anecdotes (stories) and loaded words (words with strong connotations) to bring about strong emotions in the audience

7. Simple Formula for Writing Persuasive Speeches

A. INTRODUCTION
 “Tells your audience what you are going to tell them” and establishes the foundation for your speech. 
A good Introductio map’ for the journey. For a Persuasive Speech an Introduction consists of

o Attention-Getter: A statement that gains the attention of the audience and

makes them believe that this issue is relevant to them. Please, do NOT use a rhetorical question here. Instead, think of your intro like a funnel. Your thesis (in this case, your position statement) is the narrow part and you slowly broaden out from that to a broad statement that applies to many, in not all, people.

o Bond > Link-to Audience: Identify a personal connection in the audiences’

life, i.e. their use of the ‘device’ or system, or their emotional experience (grief and sorrow, happiness).

o “Credentials” of Speaker (Credibility): Demonstrate how you are an

‘expert’ through your own use, experience or study.

o Destination / Position Statement: State clearly why you are speaking at this moment. State your Goal, Thesis or what you expect as an Outcome. State your Destination. An example may be … “This evening/today I am here to convince you that…. is the most effective way to do business today.”

o Explain my Map to my destination > Preview of Speech: Briefly outline

what you will cover in your persuasive speech. This is where you will…”Tell what you are going to tell them”.

o Transition: A transition is how you move from one section or point to the

next. It is a linking idea. You could say…”Let’s begin by…”, “Let’s start with…” or I prefer “Let’s consider…”

B. BODY of your Speech
 The Body of your speech is where the detail is found and is best contained in THREE points (you can have more, but don’t confuse your audience). For a Persuasive Speech, this is where you will … “Tell them”

o Main Point #1: State Point 1, State Reason, Give Example, Restate point

o Main Point #2: State Point 2, State Reason, Give Example, Restate point

o Transition: Create a linking statement to Point 3

o Main Point #3: State Point 3, State Reason, Give Example, Restate point

o Transition: Create a linking statement to the Conclusion, i.e. “Let’s

summarize…” or “Can we consider these main points…”

C. CONCLUSION
 “Tell them what you have told them”

o Again state your destination >Restate outcome or thesis.

o Restate main points: State Point 1, State Point 2, State Point 3

o Call-to-Action: e.g., “I encourage you to …”, “Let’s all contribute …” , “… sign now …”, “make a decision now to be involved …”

o Decision-Maker (Clincher – optional): “Coming around is the petition…” “Being passed from the rear is a bag for your contribution to this noble cause, dig deep…”

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Mind and Matter Mind-matter dualism: matter = material = physical Reality is divided into two basic types of things:

unextended (minds, mental objects and processes), and extended (matter, or material/physical objects & processes)

M ental things: unex tended and private M aterial things: ex tended and public

“private” N o tw o people can ex perience one and the sam e pain. Only I can feel m y pain. This feature of the m ental m ak es the epistem ological w orries about how w e k now anything about the w orld around us m ore acute I nteractionism : (Descartes’ view – known as “Cartesian dualism”):

Extended & unextended things and processes causally interact:

there are material (or physical) causes of mental effects, and mental causes of physical effects.

Interactionist account: Example: Deciding to raise your hand 1. The mental decision

– an unextended event in the unextended mind – causes physical activity in the extended brain and body (neurons firing, electrical/chemical changes in brain). 2. This physical activity causes activity elsewhere in the extended body and nervous system, activating muscles which raise the arm and hand. 3. Information is relayed back via activity in the extended nervous system and sense organs to the brain,

which, in turn causes the unextended mind to experience sense-data (unextended mental appearances) of the arm moving.

Mental/ Mind “raise hand”- direct exper- visual/felt thought iences of sense-data in mind bodily activity of them rising physical physical hand & arm command to effects on rise raise hand body and arm Physical/ Body-Brain

Epistem ological problem s:

The unextended mind and its contents can only be directly experienced or known to that mind:

Only I can feel my pains: two people can feel similar pains, but they cannot feel one and the same pain. And only I can know for sure what thoughts I’m having.

However, this makes it unclear how we manage to have any knowledge about the extended world outside of our minds Problems for social science: If they rely on people’s thoughts to explain behavior, their basic data is not publicly accessible But access by more than one person

seems essential for scientific reliability

That is: More than one person must be able to see the data But only one person can access thought-data

social scientists cannot get direct access to the content of their subjects’ minds.

This + free will limit social-science predictions!

M etaphysical problem s: The definition of matter as extended and mind as unextended makes minds “free” in a way which makes it hard to understand how they have any causal impact on the world of extended objects.

We don’t understand how minds exercise their free will in controlling what bodies do.

How do they cause bodies to move. (Ryle’s “ghost-in-the-machine” problem)

Also, we don’t understand how neurophysiological processes give rise to thoughts, pains, etc. But most worries center on mind-to-matter problem –that is the “ghost-in-the machine” problem.

Mental/ Mind “raise hand”- direct exper- visual/felt thought iences of sense-data in mind bodily activity of them rising physical physical hand & arm command to effects on rise raise hand body and arm Physical/ Body-Brain