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Week in Review | The World

Can China Reform Itself?

By JOSEPH KAHNJULY 8, 2007

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BEIJING

PHONY fertilizer destroys crops. Stores shelves are filled with deodorized rotten eggs, and chemical glucose is passed off as honey. Exports slump when European regulators find dangerous bacteria in packaged meat.

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    California Government And Politics

    /in /by

    Representation

    Professor Kelly Rivera

     

     

    Outline

    I. Introduction

    II. The People

    a. Legally

    b. Politically

    III. The Process

    a. Elections

    b. Governance

    IV. Linking the People and the Process

    V. Representation in American Politics

     

     

    Introduction

    2005 Bankruptcy Reform

    Emphasized Personal Responsibility

    Chapter 7  Chapter 13

    …but barely touched

    • Homestead Exemption

    • Tax Shelters

    • Court Shopping

    • Predatory Lending

     

     

    “The People”

    Legally

    The Declaration of Independence says that governments are constituted among men to secure the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Any powers they have are dependent on the consent of the governed.

     

     

    “The People” Legally

    Not only do you get a say in what the

    government does, but you also get

    certain protections.

    Civil Liberties

    • Freedom of Expression

    • Criminal Protections

     

     

    “The People” Legally

    But for more than 100 years, “the people” didn’t mean everyone. Indeed, the rights of suffrage and citizenship rights only extended slowly, and with a fight.

     

     

    The Founding & 3/5th Clause

    Dred Scott

    13th, 14th, 15th

    Women’s Rights (19th)

    Civil Rights Movement

    CRA ’64, VRA ’65

    ADA ’90

    “The People” Legally

     

     

    “The People” Legally

    Nowadays, virtually everyone

    enjoys equal status under the law.

     

     

    “The People” Politically

    However, legal equality isn’t political equality.

     

     

    “The People” Politically

    Voters vs. Non-Voters

    Organized vs. Unorganized

    Attentive vs. Inattentive

    Intense vs. Apathetic

    Contributors vs. Everyone Else

     

     

    The Process

    If it is “the people” who are to govern, then the question is how?

    As we talked about, one way would be to have every citizen vote on every

    issue requiring a decision. Of course, such a direct democracy is

    impractical almost anywhere, much less in a nation as big as ours.

    So instead we delegate to representatives who act on our behalf. Such is

    the basis of our representative democracy. The question we asked was

    how we can keep those officials focused on our goals (rather than their

    own, or someone else’s).

     

     

    The Process Republican Government

    The answer, we said, was to have a government where…

    1. Elections are free, fair, competitive, and frequent.

    2. Governance is transparent, debated, and widely covered.

     

     

    The Process Elections

    Free? Essentially Yes

    – questions of registration and former felons and such

    Fair? Pretty much

    – questions of campaign funding, ballot technology, and such

    Competitive? Debated

    – gerrymandering, fundraising, media, public apathy

    Frequent? Some say too frequent.

     

     

    The Process Governance

    Transparent? Mixed

    – way more public than old days…but lots of complexity

    Contested? Mixed

    – House rules

    – Senate rules

    – Parties encourage cheerleading w/in party.

    Widely Covered? Yes and No

    – Inside and Outside Beltway

    – President vs. Everyone Else

    – State to State (Media Market to Media Market)

     

     

    Linking People and Process

    Even if process is competitive, transparent, and widely

    covered, officials need only (and rationally, should only)

    respond to those who will hold them accountable for their

    actions in subsequent campaigns and elections.

    The questions, then, are…

    Who will learn about this?

    Who will respond to this?

    How will it affect my reelection prospects?

     

     

    Linking People and Process

    Gerrymandering

    Media (free and paid)

    Interest Groups

    Contributors

    Voters

     

     

    Representation in American Politics

    As we’ve seen, representation is a slippery concept. It is more-

    or-less impossible to determine if any given bill fairly

    represents “the people.”

     

     

    Representation in American Politics

    Typically what we hope is that something like “fairness” helps

    ensure representation. That is, we hope that if the process (in

    campaigns and governance) is fair, the outcomes will be too.

     

     

    Representation in American Politics

    This is why we care so much about the process.

    One of the things I hope you take away from this course is a

    deeper appreciation of the importance of democratic processes.

    We all hope our preferred candidate or position prevails, but

    our commitment to the process should not be subverted just

    because we want to win. Part of the democratic deal is being

    willing to fight like hell for something we deeply believe in –

    and lose.

     

     

    Representation in American Politics

    “Decisions are made by those who show up.”

    -Truman

    U.S. Policy Literature Review

    /in /by

    U.S. Policy Literature Review

    Objective

    Students will learn how to construct a professional academic literature review about the nature of American Politics during a single year in history.

    Instructions

    Each student focus their literature review on a single year in American political history (i.e., 1968).  They can narrow their research within a single year by looking at any of the institutions or concepts discussed in class or covered in the course textbook (i.e., composition of the U.S. Supreme Court and key decisions made that year, U.S. involvement in foreign affairs or conflicts, the state of American public opinion toward government, etc.).

    Once you select your research topic, each student needs to collect a sample of the social science literature addressing that topic. These must be scholarly articles as described in the Teaching and Learning Center’s “Reading Scholarly Articles” handout available on Canvas and at http://www.tacoma.uw.edu/teaching-and-learning-center/writing-resources-0.  Your sample of the literature must consist of at least 10 scholarly articles.

    Once you have your sample of the literature, you must write an academic literature review as described in the Teaching and Learning Center’s “The Basics of a Literature Review” handout available on Canvas and at http://www.tacoma.uw.edu/teaching-and-learning-center/writing-resources-0.  The literature review must be 7 to 8 pages (double-spaced, 12-point Times New Roman font, 1” margins). You must include at the end of your literature review a works cited page that follows the standard citation rules for APA, MLA, or Chicago style.

    Please organize your literature as follows:

    1. The Introduction should be no more than 1-page.
    2. The body of your literature review must be at least 5-pages.
    3. The Conclusion should be no more than 1-page.
    4. The works cited page beginning on a new page following the conclusion (this does not count toward the 7-8 page minimum).

    Due Dates:

    Annotated Bibliography of your 10 sources—Friday, May 10th by 11:59 pm (submit on Canvas)

    Final Literature Review—Friday, June 7th by 11:59 pm

    Grade breakdown for Final Literature Review

    Content follows TLC instructions=15 points

    Proper writing mechanics & citation (APA, MLA, or Chicago)—5 points

    Annotated Bibliography—5 points

    Discuss how the policy you chose affects U.S. implementation of isolationism or internationalism, and describe how the media influences such action and decisions.

    /in /by
    nstructions

    As you have learned in this course, politics are an inherent part of government and every citizen’s life. In this unit, we discussed the domestic, economic, and foreign policies utilized by the United States. In addition, we discussed how these policies affect the United States, both domestically and abroad. This is evidenced in part by the concepts of isolationism and internationalism.

    In the Unit VIII Final Project, you will accomplish the following:

    • Select one type of policy covered in the unit, describe its purpose and goals, and explain the role each of the three branches of government in the development of the chosen policy.
    • Discuss how the policy you chose affects U.S. implementation of isolationism or internationalism, and describe how the media influences such action and decisions.
    • Explain how each level of government is or is not affected by the type of policy you have chosen.
    • Describe how one’s political party affiliation can affect his or her beliefs about the type of policy you have chosen.

    Locate at least three academic articles that support your position.

    Your paper should consist of at least three pages. Be sure to include an introduction in your paper. Any sources used should be cited and referenced properly using APA formatting.

    Reading Assignment is in the Study guide