Select a president from the table (attached) (I would use the Truman doctrine because it seems to be easier) , “Presidents and Their ‘Doctrines,’” in Roskin, Chapter 6. Then write a three to five (3-5) page paper on the doctrine that a president used according to Roskin. Your research must include at least four (4) credible sources, apart from your textbook. Your paper must address the following: Also each question should be typed in the paper then answered then move on to the next question.

1. Summarize a situation that required U.S. diplomatic efforts during the president’s time in office.
2. Explicate the diplomatic doctrine the president followed, with reference to specific actions or events that occurred.
3. Describe the effects of these diplomatic efforts for the U.S. and other countries.
4. Assess, in conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of the particular doctrine that was followed.
5. Cite at least four (4) reputable sources in addition to the textbook, not including Wikipedia, encyclopedias, or dictionaries.
6. Define presidential doctrine and summarize the regional or global events during the Cold War leading up to the formation of the presidential doctrine you wrote about in Assignment 1.
7. Select one country you wrote about in Assignment  and describe the Cold War relationship that existed between the country you selected and the U.S. before the presidential doctrine was announced.
8. Describe the relationship that currently exists between the U.S. and the country you selected in section (2) above.
9. Describe the effect that the presidential doctrine has had on regional or global affairs since it was announced during the Cold War.
10. Assess whether the presidential doctrine you wrote about in Assignment 1 had had the intended effect of altering the behavior of the country you selected in section (2) above in the time since the doctrine was first announced.
11. Cite at least four (4) reputable sources in addition to the textbook, not including Wikipedia, encyclopedias, or dictionaries.

To help you understand this assignment further, the following description and examples may be useful.

Step 1: Define a doctrine and identify why a president would want to announce one. A doctrine is an ideological platform that a president uses to advance a policy towards a country or region in order to accomplish foreign policy goals for the United States, so you will need to expand on this theme.

Refer back to Assignment 1 and build on whatever doctrine you wrote about then.  Say, for example, you selected the Truman Doctrine. Therefore, this is the only thing you will write about in Assignment 2 step 1.

Step 2: Select one country you wrote about in Assignment 1 and describe the Cold War relationship that existed between it and the U.S. before the presidential doctrine was announced.

In the case of Truman, you would pick either the Soviet Union, Greece, or Iran, because all three were affected by his doctrine.  If you are writing about the Eisenhower Doctrine, you would choose Lebanon or Egypt; if you wrote about the Kennedy Doctrine, you would have write about Cuba or Vietnam; if your wrote about the Nixon Doctrine, you would choose either Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, or Iran; if you chose Carter, you would select either Iran or Afghanistan; and if you wrote about the Reagan Doctrine, you would select Nicaragua, Angola, Russia, or Afghanistan (although there were several others).

Step 3: Describe what effect the presidential doctrine you chose has had on regional or global affairs since it was announced during the Cold War.

That is, how did the doctrine change the status quo regionally or globally after it was announced by the U.S.?  What happened in Western Europe after the Truman Doctrine was announced?  What happened in the Middle East after the Eisenhower Doctrine was announced?  What happened with Cuba or Vietnam after Kennedy offered up his doctrine of flexible response?  What happened in Southeast Asia or the Persian Gulf after the Nixon Doctrine went in effect?  What happened in the Middle East after the Carter Doctrine was announced?  What happened in Central America or Africa or the Middle East after Reagan announced his doctrine?

Step 4: Refer back to the country you selected in step two and describe the relationship that currently exists between the U.S. and that country.

How has the relationship changed between the U.S. and that country since the doctrine was announced?

Step 5: Evaluate whether the presidential doctrine had had the intended effect of altering the behavior of the one country you selected in section (2) above since the doctrine was first announced.

Your assignment must:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required page length.

I have attached the presidents and doctrines and rubric for grading.

There are 2 rubrics because of the different questions.

The causes of World War II were in two separate parts. The first was Hitler’s attempt to make room for his Nazi Party. He called it lebensraum, which meant that he wanted space to the East of Germany to be under his control. The second was that Japan had similar intentions to those of Hitler. The country wanted to expand its economic space (Shubert & Goldstein, 2012). The Second World War differed from the First World War in casualties alone. According to Ransom (2016), the Second World War had more than double the amounts of casualties that the First did (p. 601, Figure 1). Also, the Second World War introduced fighter jets that bombed enemies rapidly and tanks which were used as heavy artillery.  Edwards et al (2016) write about the important work that women did in the wars: “Whether they participated in the fighting, as did the Russian Women’s Battalion of Death, worked as ambulance drivers, nurses, journalists, munitions workers or merely spent their time preparing parcels of clothing and food for the men at the front, their role was vital” (p. 570). Race and ethnicity were at the forefront of World War II. Hitler wanted an all Aryan race without Jewish people. He had a hatred for them. It was not only about race and ethnicity though. It was also about disabilities. Hans Asperger was an Austrian physician who worked during World War II and stood with the Nazi regime by sending children from his clinic to a euthanasia program, especially those he found to be autistic. Czech (2018) writes that Asperger had to perform these types of treatments on his patients: “Regarding race hygiene policies, the two most important instances were the compulsory reporting of patients as mandated by the sterilization law and of children with mental deficiencies who were slated for “euthanasia” (p. 8). The Second World War ended because the Allied powers beat the Axis powers. The Nazi empire was tried for their horrific “crimes against humanity” (Shubert & Goldstein, 2012). The War had devastating effects on European society and culture. For those who had survived, the economy was destroyed, and they had to find new places to go since their houses and belongings were gone. Europe was no longer culturally superior, according to Shubert & Goldstein (2012) and there was a divide between eastern and western cultures.

References

Czech, H. (2018). Hans Asperger, National Socialism, and “race hygiene” in Nazi-era Vienna. Molecular Autism, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-43 (2018), (1), 1. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1186/s13229-018-0208-6

Edwards, L., Hanna, M., & Lorcin, P. (2016). The Legacy of the “War to End All Wars.” Gender & History, 28(3), 567–586. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1111/1468-0424.12239

Ransom, R. L. (2016). Confidence, Fear, and a Propensity to Gamble: The Puzzle of War and Economics in an Age of Catastrophe 1914–45. Social Science History, 40(4), 599–625. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1017/ssh.2016.24 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Shubert, A. & Goldstein, R.J. (2012). Twentieth-century Europe [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/