Examine and describe the ocean currents flowing in the Pacific Ocean from the

/in /by

3. Even though the above data is accurate, give and explain two reasons why this
dataset might lead you to an incorrect conclusion regarding global climate change. 4. What is the slope of the line of best fit you estimated for this data set? Make
sure to show your work. 5. What conclusion about climate change could you make from this dataset? How
does your result for the extended dataset compare to the results from the data
presented in the article (Part A)? Page | 137 Introductory Geology Climate Change 6. What is the slope of the line of best fit you estimated for this data set? Make
sure to show your work. 7. What conclusion on climate change could you make from this dataset? How
does your result for the North Pole compare to that of the South Pole (Part B)? 8. Examine and describe the ocean currents flowing in the Atlantic Ocean from
the equator to the North Pole starting from Brazil (6 08 54.55S 35 58 24.09W).
Do these currents reach the northern polar ice sheet? If the tropics become
warmer, how would this affect the northern ice sheet? 9. Examine and describe the ocean currents flowing in the Pacific Ocean from the
equator to the South Pole starting from Somalia (0 32 32.23N 44 09 15.47E).
Do these currents reach the southern polar ice sheet? If the tropics become
warmer, how would this affect the southern ice sheet? 10. Based on your answer to questions eight and nine, explain why we see different
trends in the sea ice extent in the south (Part B) and north poles (Part C). 11. How might the changes you saw in the previous exercises relate to global
albedo, sea level, ocean salinity, and temperature? Page | 138 Introductory Geology Climate Change 12. Do you think any conclusions (if any) regarding climate change should be made
based on the data presented in this assignment? 13. What data do you think are needed to make a conclusion regarding climate
change? Page | 139

What were the possible synergies and forces propelling the merger between P&G and Gillette?

/in /by

This write-up requires single-spaced, 12-point Times New Roman, and one inch margins. I’ll upload the case reading material and the slides below.

You need to write this essay basis on the slides I uploaded and the following 4 questions:

What were the possible synergies and forces propelling the merger between P&G and Gillette? 2. Compare the valuation analyses in Case Exhibits 6 and 7. Why are they different? Can you support and defend the validity of using each valuation method? Conduct your own research if needed. 3. Was James Kilts’ compensation reasonable? Was the $90million fee paid to investment bankers reasonable? 4. How did international, federal, and state regulators influence the acquisition process? Do you think the involvement of regulators justified?

(All you need to do is answer those questions)

Midterm Exam Results

Total: 50 points

Mean: 41.2 (B-)

Median: 41.3 (B-)

S.D.: 6.2

Range: 19.5-50.0

27% 45-50 or “As”

28% 40-45 or “Bs”

34% 35-40 or “Cs”

11% lower than 35

Final exam?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7–1

 

Scores for Essay/Fill-in-Blank Questions

Out of 15 points total

Mean: 13.0 (B)

Median: 13.5 (B+)

Range: 4.0-15.0

10.5 is a “C” grade

12.5 is a “B” grade

14.0 is a “A” grade

 

 

 

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–2

 

 

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

Presentation design by Charlie Cook

Chapter 7

Merger and Acquisition Strategies

Part 2 Strategic Actions: Strategy Formulation

 

 

3

Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers: What are the Differences?

Merger

Two firms agree to integrate their operations on a relatively co-equal basis.

e.g., Exxon-Mobil, Daimler Benz/Chrysler

Acquisition

One firm buys a controlling, or 100% interest in another firm with the intent of making the acquired firm a subsidiary business within its portfolio.

e.g., Facebook’s acquisition of Whatsapp

Takeover

An acquisition in which the target firm did not solicit the acquiring firm’s bid for outright ownership.

e.g., Oracle’s acquisition of PeopleSoft

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–4

 

4

 

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–5

Figure 7.1 Reasons for Acquisitions and Problems in Achieving Success

Reasons for Acquisitions

Problems in Achieving Success

 

5

Reason 1: Increased Market Power

A firm enjoys market power when it can

sell goods or services above competitive levels of price OR reduce the costs of value chain activities better than competitors.

Market power is increased by:

Horizontal acquisitions of other firms in the same industry (e.g., US Airways and American Airlines)

Vertical acquisitions of suppliers or distributors of the acquiring firm (Coke Cola and Coke Cola Bottling)

Related acquisitions of firms in related industries (Oracle’s acquisition of Tekelec and Acme)

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–6

 

6

 

Reason 2. Overcoming Entry Barriers

Cross-Border Acquisitions are those made between firms with headquarters in different countries

Are often made to overcome entry barriers.

Can be difficult to negotiate and operate because of the differences in foreign cultures.

e.g., Japan’s Softbank recently acquired Sprint.

Domestic acquisitions can also help firms overcome entry barriers to a different industry or region

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–7

 

7

 

Reason 3. Cost of New-Product Development and Increased Speed to Market

Internal development of new products is often perceived as a high-risk activity.

Returns from acquired new products are more predictable because of the acquired firms’ past experience with its products.

Acquisitions allow a firm to gain access to new and current products that are new to the firm within a relatively short period of time.

e.g., Medtronic, Microsoft, Facebook

Acquisitions may discourage or suppress future innovation

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–8

 

8

 

Reason 4: Increased Diversification

Using acquisitions to diversify a firm is the quickest and easiest way to change its portfolio of businesses.

Both related diversification and unrelated diversification strategies can be implemented through acquisitions.

The more related the acquired firm is to the acquiring firm, the greater is the probability that the acquisition will be successful.

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–9

 

9

 

Reason 5: Reshaping the Firm’s Competitive Scope

An acquisition can:

Reduce the negative effect of an intense rivalry on a firm’s financial performance (e.g., a horizontal acquisition).

Reduce a firm’s dependence on one or more products or markets (e.g., a vertical acquisition).

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–10

 

10

 

Reason 6: Learning and Developing New Capabilities

An acquiring firm can gain capabilities that the firm does not currently possess:

Special technological capability

A broader knowledge base

Reduced inertia

e.g., Bristol-Myers Squibb acquired Amylin Pharmaceuticals

Firms should acquire other firms with different but related and complementary capabilities in order to build their own knowledge base.

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–11

 

11

 

Problem 1: Integration Difficulties

Integration challenges include:

Melding two disparate corporate cultures

Linking different financial and control systems

Building effective working relationships (particularly when management styles differ)

Resolving problems regarding the status of the newly acquired firm’s executives

Loss of key personnel weakens the acquired firm’s capabilities and reduces its value

e.g., UPS: Mail Boxes Etc., Daimler Benz: Chrysler

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–12

 

12

 

Problem 2: Inadequate Evaluation of Target

Due Diligence

The process of evaluating a target firm for acquisition

Ineffective due diligence may result in paying an excessive premium for the target company.

Premium averaged at about 50%, and can be over 200%

e.g., Campeau’s acquisition of Federated Department Stores

Evaluation requires examining:

Financing of the intended transaction

Differences in culture between the firms

Tax consequences of the transaction

Actions necessary to meld the two workforces

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–13

 

13

 

Problem 3: Large or Extraordinary Debt

High debt (e.g., junk bonds) can:

Increase the likelihood of bankruptcy (e.g., Campeau)

Lead to a downgrade of the firm’s credit rating

Preclude investment in activities that contribute to the firm’s long-term success such as:

Research and development

Human resource training

Marketing

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–14

 

14

 

Problem 4: Inability to Achieve Synergy

Synergy

When assets are worth more when used in conjunction with each other than when they are used separately.

Private synergy

When the combination of the acquiring and acquired firms’ assets yields capabilities that could not be developed by combining either firm’s assets with another firm.

Advantage: It is difficult for competitors to understand and imitate.

Disadvantage: It is also difficult to create.

Firms tend to underestimate indirect costs of acquisitions and fail to achieve the expected synergy.

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–15

 

15

 

Problem 5: Too Much Diversification

Diversified firms must process more information of greater diversity.

Increased operational scope created by diversification may cause managers to rely too much on financial rather than strategic controls to evaluate business units’ performances.

Strategic focus shifts to short-term performance.

Acquisitions may become substitutes for innovation.

e.g., Tyco International

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–16

 

16

 

Problem 6: Acquiring Firm Becomes Too Large

Additional costs of controls may exceed the benefits of the economies of scale and additional market power.

Larger size may lead to more bureaucratic controls.

Formalized controls often lead to relatively rigid and standardized managerial behavior.

The firm may produce less innovation.

e.g., DaimlerChrysler and Mitsubishi, Cisco’s refocusing

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–17

 

17

 

Problem 7: Managers Overly Focused on Acquisitions

Managers invest substantial time and energy in acquisition strategies in:

Searching for viable acquisition candidates.

Completing effective due-diligence processes.

Preparing for negotiations.

Managing the integration process after the acquisition is completed.

e.g., Citigroup’s former CEO John Reed and Sanford Weill

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–18

 

18

 

© 2015 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

7–19

Table 7.1 Attributes of Successful Acquisitions

Attributes Results
Acquired firm has assets or resources that are complementary to the acquiring firm’s core business High probability of synergy and competitive advantage by maintaining strengths
Acquisition is friendly Faster and more effective integration and possibly lower premiums
Acquiring firm conducts effective due diligence to select target firms and evaluate the target firm’s health (financial, cultural, and human resources) Firms with strongest complementarities are acquired and overpayment is avoided
Acquiring firm has financial slack (cash or a favorable debt (position) Financing (debt or equity) is easier and less costly to obtain
Merged firm maintains low to moderate debt position Lower financing cost, lower risk (e.g., of bankruptcy), and avoidance of trade-offs that are associated with high debt
Acquiring firm has sustained and consistent emphasis on R&D and innovation Maintain long-term competitive advantage in markets
Acquiring firm manages change well and is flexible and adaptable Faster and more effective integration facilitates achievement of synergy

 

19

0

5

10

15

20

25

Percent

20304050

Midterm_score

0

10

20

30

40

Percent

468101214

Essay

Which of the following is required on all food labels? (Points : 2) Net contents of the package

/in /by

Question

Question 1.1. (TCO 1) The second step of the scientific method is: (Points : 2)

observation and description of a phenomenon.

testing a research question or hypothesis.

generating a hypothesis.

collecting data.

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Which of the following is responsible for food spoilage? (Points : 2)

Oxygen

Heat

Light

All of these are responsible for food spoilage.

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) The standard used to estimate the daily nutrient needs of half of all healthy individuals is: (Points : 2)

EAR.

AI.

RDA.

UL.

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) Which of the following is required on all food labels? (Points : 2)

Net contents of the package

Ingredient list

Name and address of the vendor

All of these

Question 5.5. (TCO 2) Which of the following is associated with the development of ketosis? (Points : 2)

A diet that contains too much fat

A diet that contains insufficient fat

A diet that contains too much carbohydrates

A diet that contains insufficient carbohydrates

Question 6.6. (TCO 2) Which of the following is associated with diets high in added sugars? (Points : 2)

Hyperactivity

Tooth decay

Diabetes

All of these

Question 7.7. (TCO 2) A diet low in fiber is associated with an increased risk of developing: (Points : 2)

kidney stones.

dental caries.

diabetes.

diverticulosis.

Question 8.8. (TCO 3) . (Points : 2)

gallbladder

pancreas

epiglottis

gastro-esophageal sphincter

Question 9.9. (TCO 3) In which organ does the majority of water absorption occur? (Points : 2)

Mouth

Stomach

Small intestine

Large intestine

Question 10.10. (TCO 3) What is the primary cause of peptic ulcers? (Points : 2)

Stress

H. pylori bacteria

Prolonged use of aspirin

Eating too many spicy foods

Question 11.11. (TCO 4) ________ is a highly branched arrangement of glucose molecules found in liver and skeletal muscle cells. (Points : 2)

Fructose

Starch

Glycogen

Raffinose

Question 12.12. (TCO 4) The simplest units of carbohydrates are called: (Points : 2)

fatty acids.

amino acids.

monosaccharides.

calories.

Question 13.13. (TCO 4) Major fructose sources include: (Points : 2)

milk and cheese.

nuts and honey.

fruits and vegetables.

breads and cereals.

Question 14.14. (TCO 5) What are the three classes of lipids? (Points : 2)

Monosaccharide, disaccharides, and starch

Triglycerides, sterols, and phospholipids

Sterols, amino acids, and polysaccharides

Phospholipids, glycogen, and dipeptides

Question 15.15. (TCO 5) Which of the following food items would contain the highest amount of dietary cholesterol? (Points : 2)

Steamed broccoli

Olive oil

Skim milk

Butter

Question 16.16. (TCO 5) The vast majority of fat digestion and absorption occurs in the: (Points : 2)

pancreas.

liver.

small intestine.

gall bladder.

Question 17.17. (TCO 5) Triglycerides are classified by: (Points : 2)

the length of the fatty acids.

the saturation of the fatty acids.

the shape of the fatty acids.

all of these.

Question 1.1. (TCO 6) Per gram, which of the following foods would contain the highest protein content? (Points : 2)

Cooked carrots

Chicken

Skim milk

Whole-wheat bread

Question 2.2. (TCO 6) Which of the following is a genetic disorder resulting in debilitating protein abnormalities? (Points : 2)

Cystic fibrosis

Mad cow disease

Marasmus

Kwashiorkor

Question 3.3. (TCO 6) The process of transferring the amine group from one amino acid to another is called: (Points : 2)

gene expression.

alteration.

deamination.

transamination.

Question 4.4. (TCO 6) The absorption of proteins occurs in the: (Points : 2)

stomach.

small intestine.

large intestine.

liver.

Question 5.5. (TCO 7) Which of the following is MOST likely to occur if you were to consume too much calcium via the diet? (Points : 2)

You would experience hypercalcemia.

You would begin to produce kidney stones.

Your gastrointestinal tract would limit the absorption of calcium.

Calcium deposits would accumulate in the soft tissues of the body.

Question 6.6. (TCO 7) The malabsorption of fat puts those at risk for developing a: (Points : 2)

Vitamin C deficiency.

Vitamin D deficiency.

mineral deficiency.

all of the above.

Question 7.7. (TCO 7) Due to the fact that newborns do not have enough bacteria in their small intestine to make _______, they are given an injection of this nutrient. (Points : 2)

Vitamin K

iron

calcium

folate

Question 8.8. (TCO 7) Soft drinks are high in __________. (Points : 2)

phosphorus

calcium

potassium

selenium

Question 9.9. (TCO 8) Which of the following is TRUE? (Points : 2)

Water freely moves across cell membranes.

Water and electrolytes move across the cell membranes, only through protein channels.

Electrolytes freely move across cell membranes.

Water and electrolytes cannot move across cell membranes.

Question 10.10. (TCO 8) Water is known as the universal solvent. (Points : 2)

Water helps to regulate body temperature.

Water helps to maintain blood volume.

Water works as an excellent cleansing agent to flush toxins out of the body.

Most solutes (particles) will dissolve in water.

Question 11.11. (TCO 8) Insensible water loss is: (Points : 2)

water lost during illness or trauma.

water lost during intense exercise.

water lost through perspiration and respiration.

water lost through urination.

Question 12.12. (TCO 8) What is the primary reason why we sweat? (Points : 2)

Maintain blood volume

Maintain sodium balance

Excrete waste products

Regulate body temperature

Question 13.13. (TCO 9) Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of bulimia nervosa? (Points : 2)

Episodes of extreme overeating

Self-starvation

Both episodes of extreme overeating and self-starvation

None of these

Question 14.14. (TCO 9) Which of the following increases one’s risk of developing an eating disorder? (Points : 2)

Large family size

Holding the first order of birth

Having a sibling with an eating disorder

All of these

Question 15.15. (TCO 9) All of the following may contribute to the development of bulimia EXCEPT: (Points : 2)

birth order.

more angry and disruptive interactions among family members.

a less stable family organization.

a less nurturing family.

Question 16.16. (TCO 10) During the second trimester, women are advised to gain no more than: (Points : 2)

three to five pounds.

one pound per week.

10-15 pounds

15-20 pounds

Question 17.17. (TCO 10) What substance, often found in fish, should be monitored during pregnancy? (Points : 2)

Mercury

Lead

Arsenic

Nitrogen

Question 18.18. (TCO 10) All of the following are physiological changes that typically occur with aging EXCEPT: (Points : 2)

decreased lean body mass.

decreased bone density.

decreased fat mass.

decreased immune function.

1. (TCO 1) Organic foods are commonly used to describe foods that are grown without the use of synthetic pesticides. To be labeled organic, foods must meet federal standards. What are those standards? (Points : 20)

Question 2. 2. (TCO 2) What form is iron absorbed in and where can stored iron be found? (Points : 20)

Question 3. 3. (TCO 3, 5) Beginning with the mouth, describe the digestion and absorption of dietary protein. What is the final fate of protein in the human body? (Points : 20)

Question 4. 4. (TCO 4) Describe how low-grade inflammation is involved in the development of heart disease. (Points : 20)

Question 5. 5. (TCO 5) Describe the glycemic index and glycemic load, and name some high, medium, and low glycemic index foods. Why is this information important? (Points : 20)

Question 6. 6. (TCO 6) Please explain the relationship among energy balance, weight gain, and weight loss. (Points : 20)

Question 7. 7. (TCO 7) Describe the primary functions of iron. (Points : 20)

Question 8. 8. (TCO 8) What are some of the reasons why adolescents may be at risk for poor nutrition, and what can parents do from a nutrition perspective to help their children through this transition period? (Points : 20)

Question 9. 9. (TCO 10) What nutrients are of particular concern during the first year of an infant’s life? Along with listing the nutrients, please also explain their function. (Points : 20)

 

 

Synthesize the problem essay model with the examination of a case.

/in /by

I NEED TO Finish this case study it is almost done I attach word paper and other document for this case study all the instruccion is above

 

Objectives

  • Analyze a case study.
  • Apply the methodology of a case-based essay to the development of the problem essay.
  • Synthesize the problem essay model with the examination of a case.

Description

This assignment implements the design of the problem model essay of case study analysis presented in chapter 10 of the text. The student will analyze the issues faced by Lululemon Inc., preparing and supporting an action plan that the company should follow going forward to recover from its earlier missteps.

Materials Required

Ellet, W. (2007). The case study handbook; How to read, discuss, and write persuasively about cases. Brighton, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Review Press.

      • Chapter 9
      • Chapter 10

Pirouz, D., & Huang (Arman), K. (2014). Lululemon Athletica Inc. Ivey Publishing.

Instructions

Preparation: How to Write a Case-Based Essay

  • Review chapters 9 and 10 from the Ellet text.
  • Make notes on the structure of a persuasive problem essay. Be sure to include the four parts of a persuasive essay and the four parts of a problem essay (some are the same).

Submission: A Case Study Analysis – Problem Essay

  • Analyze the Lululemon case from the Business Case Analysis bundle, using the guidelines set out in the Ellet text.
  • Write a paper (1500 words, double spaced, not including the title page or reference page). Support your argument with at least three scholarly sources as well as other sources. Include the following:
    • briefly present the background of the case
    • define the problem that Lululemon and its leadership face
    • discuss your analysis, including your conclusion of the problem
    • your proof of causes
    • your action plan

Evaluation

Case Analysis #1: Problem Essay will be marked in its entirety out of 100. The following rubric indicates the criteria students are to adhere to, and their relative weights to the assignment overall.

ACTIVITY/COMPETENCIES DEMONSTRATED
1. Content (60%)
  a. Described the background of the company and the problem. /15
  b. Clearly stated the problem faced by Lululemon and its leadership. /10
  c. Demonstrated a thorough analysis supported by academic as well as other sources. /15
  d. Presented a realistic action plan. /20
2. Communication (25%)
  a. Uses language clearly and effectively. /10
  b. Information organized intelligently and holistically (i.e., not simply answers to questions). /10
  c. Proper introduction and conclusion to paper. /5
3. Attention to Detail (15%)
  a. APA Formatting (title, headings, and references). /10
  b. Spelling and grammar. /5
Total /100