May 2023 – Page 444 – Homework Handlers

Music That Not Focused Around Melodic And Harmonic Structures

May 22, 2023/in Blood Pressure /by SK

nswer 2 (Q: Women composers throughout the 20-21C)

Pauline Oliveros is widely regarded as one of the most influential American

composers in the 1920s. In the 20th century, she encouraged in-depth listening, was open

to what was happening, and actively founded participating communities throughout her

life. Oliveros was born in 1932. She is a composer, performer, writer and philosopher.

She has been active in the forefront of many music movements. Growing up in Houston,

she listened to metropolitan opera’s radio broadcasts Philharmonic and NBC. She also

indicated that her mother was one of the first people to influence her creative thoughts

and ideas. After studying at the University of Houston for three years, she went to San

Francisco State University to study deeper in composition. After her graduation, in 1957,

she and her classmates Terry Riley and Loren Rush began to try improvisation. She

explained that “while the convention music circles of the 1950 s were not exploring

music in this man. The Jazz World was exploring the Breadth of Improvisation SoundsIn

the mid-1960s,” she expanded her scope of creation by collaborating with dramatic

works, such as Elizabeth Harris, Anna Halprin, Merce Cunningham and others who were

dancers and choreographers.

Just like John Cage, he has given “music”, “composer” and “quiet” new definitions.

Oliveros has also expanded the definition and attention of the sonic environment, and the

total environment is equally important to her. At the same time Oliveros began to try a

sound meditation practice, which became the label for her in the future. Sonic

Meditations, which she created in 1974, is also one of her greatest works. Oliveros

encourages the listeners to listen to their own voices and the surrounding environment

deeply, which plays a certain role in the construction and rehabilitation of music

psychology. In the United States and abroad, she is one of the most famous and popular

advocates for training listening awareness. She regularly returns to various parts of the

world to teach and perform. Oliveros was the first director of the Tape Music Center of

Oakland Mills College. California, which is the Center for Contemporary Music right

now, and she is also an outstanding music professor of RPI. She did not get a doctor’s

degree that was very important as a professor in college at that time. for Pauline Oliveros,

she has been focusing on listening to everything around her all her life. she said in the

magazine American music that she grew up in the rural areas of Houston, so she adapted

to the sound of the natural environment at an early age and was influenced by it. She also

thinks that electronic sound is more limited to an audio range than natural sound, but

natural sound is not.

The four sources of Oliveros’s music material are: 1. All the music she has heard; 2.

All the sounds she has heard from nature (including her own internal physiological

sounds); 3. All the voices she heard in the technological world; 4. All the voices she

imagined. But she also has some electronic works, such as her Alien Bog. She uses some

repeated high pitch sounds as introduction. As the pitch drops, Oliveros adds various

sounds to the music, influenced by the frog sounds she heard in studio at Mills. These

sounds also seem to come from all directions, such as horn sounds, chirp sounds, bubble

sounds and rumbling sounds. However, she did not record the croaking of frogs, nor did

she translate the croaking of frogs into the specific pitch of music. Her aim is also to give

the audience more imagination space in such a whole voice.

In addition, most of Oliveros’s works are based on her integration into the natural

environment. No matter where she is, she enjoys and freely experiences her environment

and listens to all the voices around her. Oliveros himself explained: “All is nature that

supports life forms of all kinds; humanity is the body of life forms called humans. . . The

relationship is symbiotic.” This is why she pays attention to meditation and total

environment in his music composition.

Bibliography

Glahn, Denise Von. “Pauline Oliveros.” Essay. In Music and the Skillful Listener American Women Compose the Natural World, 102–28. Indiana University Press, 2014.

Kelly, Jennifer, and Pauline Oliveros. “Pauline Oliveros.” Essay. In In Her Own Words: Conversations with Composers in the United States, 1

How would such an education support the local community?

May 22, 2023/in Uncategorized /by SK

Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:

It is common these days to hear that the arts in the public schools are losing funding, or have been cut altogether. What was once a regular part of a well-rounded education, is now increasingly marginalized by those who say the arts serve no practical purpose.

Imagine that you heard that arts funding is about to be cut out of the school budget in your district. You feel strongly that the school district should keep the arts in the schools, and you are prepared to address the school board in defense of the arts.

What would you say to persuade the board that the arts are necessary for a child’s education?

How would such an education support the local community?

How would you define vertical integration and what would be a good example of it in mass media?

May 22, 2023/in Uncategorized /by SK

Please respond to the following short answers. Each answer should be at least have two paragraphs long. The quiz is open book, you can use the information from lectures, readings, class discussion and current events to answer the questions. Use your own words in answering questions and avoid including long quotes.

1) How would you define vertical integration and what would be a good example of it in mass media?

2) Consider the two-step flow theory that comes out of the Columbia school of research. Briefly describe the theory in your own words and talk about one way you could apply the theory to our current social landscape (think about our contemporary system of social relationships and our current media system).

3) Do you think that cultivation theory could still be a valid theory in today’s society? Yes or no? Briefly defend your position providing supporting evidence from lectures and/or readings, discussion and current events.

4) Think about at the current protests against police brutality and systemic racism through the lens of ONE of these theory discussed in class: agenda setting theory, framing or priming (CHOOSE ONLY ONE). Briefly explain what we could learn about the protests against police brutality using one of the three theories.

5) Choose one of the factors that are the root of standardization in American journalism (objectivity, beats, routines, demographics, and news values) . How does that particular factor contribute to standardization and homogeneity in American journalism? Use at least one example from lectures and/ or current events. (CHOOSE ONLY ONE FACTOR for your answer)

Article Review Professional Communication In Today’s Digital, Social, Mobile World

May 22, 2023/in Uncategorized /by SK

Business Communication Essentials

Eighth Edition

Chapter 2

Collaboration, Interpersonal Communication, and Business Etiquette

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Learning Objectives (1 of 3)

2.1 List the advantages and disadvantages of working in teams, and describe the characteristics of effective teams.

2.2 Offer guidelines for collaborative communication, identify major collaboration technologies, and explain how to give constructive feedback.

2

Learning Objectives (2 of 3)

2.3 List the key steps needed to ensure productive meetings, and identify the most common meeting technologies.

2.4 Identify the major types of listening, describe the listening process, and explain how good listeners overcome barriers at each stage of the process.

Learning Objectives (3 of 3)

2.5 Explain the importance of nonverbal communication, and identify six major categories of nonverbal expression.

2.6 Explain the importance of business etiquette, and identify three key areas in which good etiquette is essential.

Communicating Effectively in Teams

LO 2.1 List the advantages and disadvantages of working in teams, and describe the characteristics of effective teams.

Collaboration—working together to meet complex challenges—has become a core job responsibility for roughly half the U.S. workforce. A team is a unit of two or more people who share a mission and the responsibility for working to achieve their goal. You will participate in teams throughout your career, so developing the skills to communicate successfully in team settings will give you an important advantage.

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Advantages of Teams

Increased Information and Knowledge

Learning Opportunities

Boldness

Accountability

Teams are often at the core of participative management, the effort to involve employees in the company’s decision-making process. The advantages of teams include the following:

Increased information and knowledge. By aggregating the resources of several individuals, teams bring more information to the decision process.

Teams provide learning opportunities because each team member has a unique background and skills, and other team members can learn from those skills.

Some may feel empowered by the support of team members.

Since each team member is responsible for the outcome, some team members may work hard in order to avoid letting the team down.

Increased diversity of views. Team members can bring a variety of viewpoints to the decision process if these diverse views are guided by a shared goal.

Increased acceptance of solutions. Those who participate in decision making are more likely to support the decision and encourage others to accept it.

Increased performance levels. Effective teams can be better than top-performing individuals at solving complex problems.

6

Advantages of Teams

Trust Building

Increased Diversity of Viewpoints

Increased Acceptance of Solutions

Increased Levels of Performance

Teams are often at the core of participative management, the effort to involve employees in the company’s decision-making process. The advantages of teams include the following:

Increased diversity of views. Team members can bring a variety of viewpoints to the decision process if these diverse views are guided by a shared goal.

Increased acceptance of solutions. Those who participate in decision making are more likely to support the decision and encourage others to accept it.

Increased performance levels. Effective teams can be better than top-performing individuals at solving complex problems.

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Disadvantages of Teams

Groupthink

Pressure to Conform

Affects Decision Quality

Hidden Agenda

Restricts Interaction

Limits Productivity

High Cost

Aligning Schedules

Arranging Meetings

The disadvantages of teams include the following:

Like other social structures, business teams can generate tremendous pressures to conform. Groupthink occurs when peer pressures cause individual team members to withhold contrary or unpopular opinions and to go along with decisions they don’t really believe in. The result can be decisions that are worse than the choices the team members might have made individually.

Some team members may have a hidden agenda—private, counterproductive motives that affect the group’s interaction.

Still another drawback to teamwork is the high cost of coordinating group activities. Aligning schedules, arranging meetings, and coordinating a project can eat up a lot of time and money.

8

Characteristics of Effective Teams

Clear Objective

Full Engagement

Creativity and Technical Skills

Mix of Skills and Abilities

Open and Honest Communication

Shared Purpose

Consensus Decision Making

Communication

Psychological Safety

The Needs of the Team First

Effective teams share a number of traits, including a clear objective, a shared sense of purpose, full engagement from all team members, procedures for reaching decisions by consensus, and the right mix of creative and technical talents for the tasks at hand. While all these traits contribute to team success, the single most important factor is how well the team members communicate. Teams that lack one or more of these attributes can get bogged down in conflict or waste time and resources pursuing unclear goals. The success of the team is based on strong communication skills.

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Summary of Discussion (1 of 6)

In this section, we discussed the following:

Advantages of Teams

Disadvantages of Teams

Characteristics of Effective Teams

The next section will cover Collaborating on Communication Efforts.

Collaborating on Communication Efforts

LO 2.2 Offer guidelines for collaborative communication, identify major collaboration technologies, and explain how to give constructive feedback.

When a team collaborates on reports, websites, presentations, and other communication projects, the collective energy and expertise of the various members can lead to results that transcend what each individual could do alone. However, collaborating on team messages requires special effort; the following section offers a number of helpful guidelines.

11

Guidelines for Collaborative Writing (1 of 2)

Select Collaborators Carefully

Agree on Goals Before You Start

Give the Team Some Time to Bond

Clarify Individual Responsibilities

In any collaborative effort, recognize that team members coming from different backgrounds may have different work habits or priorities. To collaborate effectively, everyone involved must be flexible, open to other opinions, and focused on team objectives rather than on individual priorities. The following guidelines will help you work together more successfully:

Select collaborators carefully. Choose a combination of people who have the experience, information, and talent needed for each project.

Agree on project goals before you start. Starting without a clear idea of what you hope to accomplish will lead to frustration and wasted time.

Give your team time to bond before diving in. Make sure people can get to know each other before being asked to collaborate.

Clarify individual responsibilities. This is essential because team members will be depending on each other.

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Guidelines for Collaborative Writing (2 of 2)

Establish Clear Group Processes

Avoid Writing as a Group

Use Compatible Technologies

Seek Feedback from the Team Often

Establish clear processes. Make sure everyone knows how the work will be managed from start to finish.

Avoid writing as a group. Group writing can be a slow, painful process, so assign the actual writing to one person or divide larger projects among multiple writers.

Make sure tools and techniques are ready and compatible across the team. Minor details such as different versions of software can delay projects.

Check to see how things are going along the way. Don’t assume that everything is working, just because you don’t hear anything negative.

13

Technologies for Collaborative Writing (1 of 2)

Content Management System

Organized Approach

Controlled Access

Wiki

Flexible Approach

Open Access

A variety of tools are available to help writers collaborate on everything from short documents to entire websites. The simplest tools involve software tools such as commenting and change tracking.

Writing for websites often involves the use of a content management system, which organizes and controls website content and includes features that help team members work together on webpages and other documents. These systems range from simple blogging systems on up to enterprise systems that manage web content across an entire corporation. Many systems include workflow features that control how pages or documents can be created, edited, and published.

In contrast to the formal controls of a content management system, a wiki is a website that allows anyone with access to add new material and edit existing material. Public wikis allow any registered user to edit pages; private wikis are accessible only with permission. A key benefit of a wiki is the freedom to post new or revised material without prior approval.

14

Technologies for Collaborative Writing (2 of 2)

Groupware

Shared Knowledge

Cloud Computing

Shared Workspaces

Intranets

Extranets

Teams and other work groups can also take advantage of groupware or collaboration platforms. These technologies let people communicate, share files, review previous message threads, work on documents simultaneously, and connect using social networking tools. These systems help companies capture and share knowledge from multiple experts, bringing greater insights to bear on tough challenges.

Shared workspaces are online “virtual offices” that give everyone on a team access to the same set of resources and information. You may see some of these workspaces referred to as intranets (open to employees only) or extranets (available to employees and to outside parties by invitation only).

15

Collaboration via Mobile Devices

Unified Communication

Voice and Video Calling

Voice and Video Conferencing

Instant Messaging

Real-Time Collaboration

Mobile devices add another layer of options for collaborative writing and other communication projects, particularly when used with cloud computing. An important aspect of mobile collaboration and mobile communication in general is unified communication, which integrates such capabilities as voice and video calling, voice and video conferencing, instant messaging, and real-time collaboration software in a single system. By minimizing or eliminating the need to manage multiple communication systems and devices, unified communication promises to improve response times, productivity, and collaboration efforts.

16

Giving and Responding to Constructive Feedback

Offering Constructive Criticism

Focus on the process and outcomes.

Provide clear guidelines for improvement.

Receiving Constructive Criticism

Don’t get defensive or deny the feedback’s validity.

Use the feedback to accept the quality of your work.

Aside from processes and tools, collaborative communication often involves giving and receiving feedback about writing efforts. Constructive feedback, sometimes called constructive criticism, focuses on the process and outcomes of communication, not on the people involved. In contrast, destructive feedback delivers criticism with no effort to stimulate improvement.

When you’re giving feedback, avoid personal attacks and give the person clear guidelines for improvement. When you receive constructive feedback, resist the urge to defend your work or deny the validity of the feedback. Instead, use the feedback to learn and to improve the quality of your work.

17

Summary of Discussion (2 of 6)

In this section, we discussed the following:

Guidelines for Collaborative Writing

Technologies for Collaborative Writing

Collaboration via Mobile Devices

Giving and Responding to Constructive Feedback

The next section will cover Making Your Meetings More Productive.

Making Your Meetings More Productive

LO 2.3 List the key steps needed to ensure productive team meetings, and identify the most common meeting technologies.

Much of your workplace communication will occur in meetings, so to a large degree, your ability to contribute to the company—and to be recognized for your contributions—will depend on your meeting skills. As useful as meetings can be, though, they can be an aggravating waste of time if they aren’t planned and managed well.

19

Preparing for Meetings

Careful Preparation and Planning Tasks

Clarify the Purpose of Your Meeting.

Select the Participants for the Meeting.

Choose the Meeting’s Time and Venue.

Set and Share the Purpose of the Meeting.

Successful meetings start with thoughtful preparation. After you have confirmed that a meeting is necessary, proceed with the following planning tasks:

Clarify your purpose. Informational meetings allow participants to share information and perhaps coordinate action. Decision-making meetings involve persuasion, analysis, and problem solving.

Select participants for the meeting. The rule here is simple: Invite everyone who really needs to be involved, and don’t invite anyone who doesn’t need to be there.

Choose the venue and the time. Online meetings are often the best way to connect people in multiple locations or to reach large audiences. For onsite meetings, review the facility and the seating arrangements. If you have control over the timing, morning meetings are often more productive because people are generally more alert and not yet engaged with the work of the day.

Set and share the agenda. People who will be presenting information need to know what is expected of them, non-presenters need to know what will be presented so they can prepare questions, and everyone needs to know how long the meeting will last. In addition, the agenda is an important tool for guiding the progress of the meeting.

20

Music That Not Focused Around Melodic And Harmonic Structures

How would such an education support the local community?

How would you define vertical integration and what would be a good example of it in mass media?

Article Review Professional Communication In Today’s Digital, Social, Mobile World

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